JPS6022134B2 - excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an excavator that makes it possible to make an excavation of sufficient width for the trailing part of the excavation loader to move into the excavation.

For example, in a large excavator that can load soil at a rate of 4,00 d3/hr, the width is sufficient to allow the machine to move through the trench behind the excavated part of the machine. It has been known for a long time to utilize a device for forming a trench with a groove.

However, although various examples of such drill headers have been made from the ground, there is a need for significant further improvements in the industry. In general, according to the present invention, a novel excavator is provided which includes a car body and an excavator supported at the front of the car body.

The excavator is arranged at a certain angle to the traveling direction of the vehicle body, has an excavator blade at its front end, and forms an excavator that is wider than the trailing part of the excavator. A support frame body attached to the front of the vehicle body extends to support the drilling equipment. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention:
A novel excavator is obtained having a vehicle body with a main frame supported from the ground by driven wheels.

A sub-frame is freely supported from the main frame, and the front end of the sub-frame can be moved up and down relative to the main frame. The support frame body rotatably supports the excavation equipment at a position obliquely disposed at the front of the vehicle body with respect to the traveling direction. The support frame body includes a portion associated with the rearward end of the excavator and supporting this end from the front of the vehicle body. The forward end of the drilling device is formed with drilling teeth. Blades and support plates are connected to the lower parts of the main and sub-frames to stabilize the excavation equipment.
The drilling equipment includes a plurality of buckets each having a bottom wall pivotally supported between a material receiving position and a material discharging position. Structure is provided to rotate the excavator and actuate the movable bottom wall of the basket to first receive material and subsequently discharge the material from the car body onto a supported conveyor. The main conveyor carries the material to the upper rear. An auxiliary conveyor having inner and outer portions is provided at the rear of the vehicle body and is adapted to receive material from the main conveyor and transport material rearwardly and/or laterally. Embodiments of the excavator of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, an excavation and loading machine 20 using the present invention includes a vehicle body 22 having a cockpit 23 and track wheels 24 for running along the ground surface.

Each wheel 24 includes a track 28 to enable the excavator loader 20 to travel on public roads and other paved surfaces as well as to work in unpaved areas, such as during excavation operations. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the vehicle body 22 may be provided with other types of wheels and frames as would be apparent to those skilled in the art. In particular, the vehicle body can be supported and driven by rubber tires.
The illustrated embodiment supports a three-way engine (not shown). This engine is preferably an internal combustion engine, and in one embodiment functions to drive a plurality of hydraulic pumps. These hydraulic pumps provide operating power to various components of the excavator and loader 20 via appropriate controls in the cockpit 23.
For example, one of these pumps provides actuation power to a hydrostatic drive connected to a transmission. This transmission applies a driving force to the wheels 24 to propel the excavator 20 during excavation work and while traveling. In one version, the engine drives a generator that provides operating power to the excavator and loader.

A drilling equipment 60 is located in the front part of the vehicle body 22.

The excavation equipment 6 includes a support frame body 62 extending from the front part of the frame 30. The support frame transverse body 62 is provided with an end plate device 64 which is pivotally connected to the frame by a shaft 65. A forked portion 66 is formed in the front portion 34 of the frame 30.
A concentric hole is formed in the portion 66 to support the shaft 65. Suitable bearings are provided to allow the support frame body 62 to rotate about an axis 65. The center line of the pith 65 is the car body 2
It is offset by an acute angle x with respect to the running direction 69 of No. 2. Of course, this offset may be at various angles, but in this example it is at an angle of about 78 degrees. The flange 67 extends from the front end of the main frame 30.

A rear hydraulic cylinder device 68 is pivotally mounted between the flange 67 and the flange of the end plate device 64. That is, by selectively operating the control device installed in the cockpit 23, the cylinder 6
By supplying pressurized working fluid to cylinder 68
The rotation of the cutting wheel device 60 about the axis 65 can be selectively controlled by varying the effective length of the cutting wheel device 60 . In this manner, the relative height of the drilling equipment 60 relative to the frame 30' of the vehicle body 22 can be adjusted as desired. Drilling equipment 60
further includes at least one excavator 8 supported from the support frame structure 62 for rotation about a horizontally extending axis 83.
2. Drill shaft 82 includes a pair of rims 84, 84 extending radially outwardly along each side thereof. Each rim 84 defines the overall width of the excavation shaft 82. The horizontally extending axis 83 has an angle x in the running direction 69 as shown in FIG.
intersect them. Digging wheel 82 has a forward facing end 85 with digging teeth 87 formed therein. By placing the axis of the excavator 82 relative to the direction of travel 69 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the excavator wheel 82 forms an excavator having a width C. The distance C is the excavation width of the excavation theory 82 at the orientation shown. In the illustrated embodiment, the width C is greater than the width A of the trailing portion of the vehicle body 22. The koji 86 extends horizontally from the end plate device 64.

Each rim 84 is rotatably supported from a shaft 86 by a bearing 88. The end plate device 64 is located at the rearwardly facing side end 8 of the digging wheel 82.
It extends to 9. In one embodiment, a pair of hydraulic prime movers 90
, 90 are housed within the excavator 82 and are each supported from a flange 91 at a constant angular position with respect to the shaft 86.

Of course, more than one or two prime movers 90 may be used.

A pair of internal gears 92 , 92 are similarly housed within the excavator 82 adjacent each rim 84 .

Each prime mover 90 acts on one of two ring gears 92, 92 mounted within the excavator 82, and is connected to an arrow 9 as shown in FIG.
Equipped with an output sprocket that rotates in direction 4. A fluid conduit passing through the prime mover 9 is housed in the end plate passage 64. As shown in FIG. 4, each excavator 82 includes a plurality of excavator buckets 102 circumferentially spaced equally apart from each other and extending between each rim 84.

Each digging bucket 102 includes a cutting edge 104 having a plurality of teeth 106 and a fixed wall 108 extending generally radially inwardly from the cutting edge 104 . Each excavation bucket 102
further includes a rear wall 110 pivotally supported between a material receiving position and a material discharging position. rear 11
The effect of 0 is illustrated in FIG. In Figure 4, the rear wall 11
0 indicates operating between a digging position when each basket 102 is in the lower front position of its rotational movement and a material ejection position when each bucket 102 is in the upper rear position of its rotational movement. There is. As seen in FIGS. 3 and 6, the forward end 85 of the cutting wheel 82 is provided with a plurality of cutting teeth 87. Each digging tooth 87 cooperates with a bucket 102 during the digging operation. Each tooth 87 includes a respective ramp member 112 extending from the upper portion of each fixed wall 104 . Each plate member 112 extends in the direction of forward rotation of the excavator 82 to guide material into the bucket 102. A gusset plate 114 extends from each plate village 112 to the rim 84. Gusset plate 114 and slope member 112 form a scoop for excavating material at the front of excavator 82 and guiding the material to excavator bucket 102 . As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the driving device 12 for the excavation bucket 102 of each cooperative cutting wheel 82 is located within the peripheral gate of each excavation wheel 82 and includes a plurality of push wheels 122.

Each pusher 122 is connected to one of the rear wheels 110 and a chain 124. Chain 124 is generally unconstrained, but extends around roller 126 which is supported on shaft 86 by a placket 129. The roller 126 has a sprocket formed on its outer periphery and is connected to the chain 124. When the excavator 82 is rotated around the arrow shaft 86 under the action of the prime mover 90, each push rod 12
2 becomes associated with roller 126 and pushes the rear wall 110 of this push rod outwardly into the material release position. Each excavation bucket 102 is then rotated to the lower forward position of the circular path;
Chain 124 operates via pusher twill 122 to positively return wall 110 to the material excavation position. This positive action of the rear wall 110 in both directions is far superior to previously used structures. In such conventional constructions, each rear portion returns to its material-receiving position under the action of gravity and/or the entry of excavated material into the bucket 102. Also, U.S. Patent No. 3,896,571
Of course, other positive actuating devices such as those described in the above specification may also be used. A rake plate device 132 is located at the lower rear of the excavator 82.

The scoop plate device 132 extends across the entire width of the excavator 82 and is provided to scoop up bulk material and push the material forward as the excavator 20 advances. The scoop plate device 132 includes a plate member 134 that is curved at each edge 104 to match the travel path. Slope member 134
A blade 136 is positioned adjacent to the lower twill portion.
The plate member 134 is fixedly supported by the support frame body 62.
The front edge of the support plate 137 is supported from the receiving seat of the slope member 134. A selectively actuatable double acting hydraulic cylinder device 138 is pivotally mounted between the rear green of the support plate 137 and the ramp member 134. That is, by operating a control device provided in the cockpit 23, the effective length of the hydraulic cylinder 138 can be selectively changed, and the support plate 137 can be appropriately positioned in relation to the support foundation 62 as desired. can.

By adjusting the support plate 137 and setting the vertical pressure of the support plate 137, the momentum of the excavation shaft device can be reduced and the excavation loader 20 can be stabilized. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavator 20 further includes a mirror insertion device 140.

The loading device 140 has a main body having an endless belt 144 which has a lower material receiving portion 146 and an upper material sending portion 148 and is attached to move around a path extending diagonally upward in relation to the three rivers of the car body 22. Conveyor 14
2. In particular, the path of the belt 144 is formed by a plurality of rollers (not shown) supported by the conveyor frame 15. Conveyor frame 150 is supported by frame 30 of car body 22 and includes a support member that supports delivery section 148 and is adapted to pivot about a horizontal axis under the action of a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). There is. In this case, the vertical height can be controlled and the material delivery portion 148 of the conveyor 142 can be bent. Belt 144 of main conveyor 142 extends around a drum attached to the upper end of frame 150 and around a drum 156 attached to frame 301.

The upper drum is rotated by a star-shaped prime mover 154 and the lower drum 156 is rotated by a similar prime mover (not shown). In this manner, the belt 144 is moved around the path formed by each roller to move material from the material receiving section 146 to the material discharging section 14.
Transfer to 8. A chute 160 is supported from the frame 30 at the lower rear of the excavator 82 and receives material discharged from each bucket 102. Chute 160 is configured to direct material to material receiving portion 146 of main conveyor 142 . Chute 160 is adapted to transfer the material excavated by digging wheel 82 to main conveyor 142 which transfers the material from material receiving section 146 to material dispensing section 148. In particular, the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 further includes an auxiliary conveyor system 170.

The auxiliary conveyor device 170 includes a frame 172 fixed to the rear end of the frame 30 of the vehicle body 22. Frame 17
2 supports a rotary table 174 and is adapted to pivot about a vertical track line under the action of a hydraulic prime mover (not shown). An inner conveyor 176 is supported on a carousel 174 and is adapted to receive material discharged from the material delivery portion 148 of the main conveyor 142.

The conveyor 176 is connected to a frame 178 supported on a rotating table 174.
and an endless belt 180 that moves around a path formed by a plurality of rollers. The belt 180 is driven by a star-shaped hydraulic motor 181. A fluid pressure cylinder 182 is provided to control the angular relationship of the frame 178 to the rotating table 174. The auxiliary conveyor system 170 further includes an outer conveyor 184 having a frame 186 supported from a frame 178 by upper and lower links 188 that are parallel to each other.

An endless belt 190 is supported on the beam frame 186 and is configured to move around a path formed by a pair of drums 192,192. Conveyor 184 is driven by a small hydraulic prime mover (not shown) mounted within each drum 192. The fluid pressure cylinder 200 is connected to each frame 178,1
86 for operating the outer conveyor 184 relative to the inner auxiliary conveyor 176. In this way, the outer conveyor 84 is operated and the inner conveyor 17 is
The material is selectively received from 6. In operation, the excavator 20 is driven to the site by wheels 24.

The hydraulic cylinder 68 is adjusted as desired and the drilling equipment 60
excavation to the desired depth. The scoop plate device 132 is adjusted to the desired position by the action of a hydraulic cylinder device 138. The excavation wheel 82 is then rotated to excavate material from the front of the car body 22. As shown in FIG. 5, this excavation area has a width C that is greater than the width of the excavation wheel 82. This is due to the oblique position of the digging wheel 82 and the digging teeth 87 at the forward end 85. Furthermore, as is apparent in FIG. 5, it is important that the path of travel of the teeth 87 sufficiently excavates the area in front of the forward end 85 of the cutting wheel 82.

This is accomplished by having the outer end of each tooth 87 in the forward position extend beyond the inner end of each tooth 87 in the rearward position. In FIG. 5, the teeth 87a are shown in the front position, while the teeth 87a are shown in the rear position. As shown, the outer end of bevel member 112a of tooth 87a overlaps beyond the forward projection of the inner end of bevel member 114a. This overlap allows complete excavation in front of the forward end 85. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, width C is wider than width A of the trailing portion of excavator loader 20.

Therefore, the excavator 20 can move through the excavation section formed by the excavation theory 82. Further, as is clear from the present invention, the support frame body 62 is located at the rear of the excavation mechanism 82, is connected to the excavation mechanism 82, and supports it from the rear-facing oribe 89. The forked portion 66 extends from each end of the drill bit 82 to the drill bit 82.
Of course, it can be located so as to extend at a height higher than the center of rotation of 2.

In this way, the drilling theory 82 can be utilized to drill to a depth equal to or greater than the radius of the drilling wheel 82 itself. FIG. 7 illustrates one variant of the drilling equipment.

The second digging wheel 202 is supported by a support frame body 62. The drilling equipment 202 is the drilling basket 1 of the drilling equipment 82.
02 is equipped with a plurality of excavation baskets (not shown) having the same structure. Additionally, a basket drive 204 is provided to move the walls of each excavation basket 102. Drive system 204 is similar in construction to the bucket drive system described with respect to FIGS. 3 and 4. Excavation wheel device 20
2 is the same in all respects except for the driving device for the excavation wheel 82.

The excavation wheel device 202 illustrated in FIG. 7 is driven by an electric device. In this variant, there are 2 excavation equipment 202
Of course, a motor/generator is provided to add electricity to the system. As seen in FIG. 7, drilling equipment 202 is supported from a shaft 206 extending from end plate equipment 64.

Shaft 206 is hollow for reasons explained below. Drilling equipment 202
includes a rim 210 rotatably supported from a shaft 206 by bearings 214. A DC motor 216 and a planetary gear box reducer 218 are located within the drilling equipment 202 and are connected to the shaft 206.
It is supported by

Suitable electrical wires (not shown) connected to electric motor 216 extend through support rack crossbody 62 to cockpit 23. A conventional control system is provided within the cockpit 23 to control the operation of the electric motor 216. Motor 216 includes a housing having an end plate 220 secured to shaft 206.

Gear box reducer 218 is supported from electric motor 216 . Basket wall actuator 204 is powered by electric motor 216 as shown.
It is supported from the outside of the housing. Electric motor 216 is operatively coupled to gear box reducer 218 .

The gear box reducer 218 has a normal structure and the electric motor 216
It has a deceleration function for the output shaft. A planetary gear system (not shown) transmits the output from the gear box reducer and is connected to the shaft 206 and a sleeve 222 of the same type.
The sleeve 222 is connected to the drill shaft 202. In this way, the electric motor 216 drives the gear box reducer 218,
Gear box reducer 218 rotates IJ scoop 222 and sleeve 222 rotates digging wheel 202. That is, electric motor 2
16 is used to drive the drilling theory 202. According to another feature of this embodiment, cooling air is supplied to the electric motor 216 via the support frame body 62.

A conduit (not shown) is provided in the support frame body 62 so as to communicate through the hollow interior of the shaft 206. A blower is provided to blow air into the hollow interior of the support housing 62 through these conduits. As shown in Fig. 7, the supporting purple horizontal body 6
The inside of the shaft 206 has a lotus through the hollow inside of the drilling device 20.
It is designed to transport air into the interior of 2. Each arrow 224'
It also represents the flow of cooling air into the interior of the digging wheel device 202. As shown in the figure, the hollow interior of the shaft 206 is a gear box reducer 21.
8 and the inside of the electric motor 216. Air can flow through electric motor 216 and be exhausted into the interior of drilling equipment 202 . That is, a variation in which an electric motor is used to drive the drilling equipment 202 has been described with respect to the flow of cooling air. As is clear from what has been said above,
By utilizing the present invention, there is obtained an excavating and coring machine which is equipped with a car body supporting an excavator at the front, excavates material, transfers the material to a main conveyor, and conveys the material to the rear of the car body.

The digging wheels themselves are inclined at an angle to form a wider digging width than the trailing portion of the vehicle body 22. The vehicle body is supported by this excavated part, and through this excavated part, the width of the excavated part formed by the present excavating and loading machine is increased by this structure, and the present excavating and loading machine can operate within the formed excavated part. . This substantially reduces the amount of drilling wheel gear travel required to position and move the drilling rig for drilling. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the vehicle body may, of course, have wheels with tires instead of utilizing the track-type wheels as illustrated. Additionally, the excavator and loader is shown as utilizing an internal combustion engine in conjunction with a fluid pump and a hydraulic prime mover to operate its various components. However, it is of course within the scope of the present invention to use a generator and electric motor in conjunction with an internal combustion engine to operate the various components of the excavator and loader. In addition, a suitable device can be attached to the front of the vehicle body 22 to adjust the vertical and vertical swings of the excavation device 60. The system simultaneously moves the conveyor 142, chute 160, and scoop plate assembly 132 as a unit with the digging wheel assembly 60 to minimize spacing between these components and reduce strain. Although the present invention has been described above in detail with reference to its embodiments, it goes without saying that the present invention can be modified in various ways without departing from its spirit.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of an excavator and loader having an excavator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the front part of the excavator and loader shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view of a device for driving the rear wall of the excavation bucket of the excavation loader of FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is an end view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 3 in the direction of the arrow; FIG. 6 is a reduced perspective view of the forward side of the excavation theory of FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a modification of FIG. 3 with a portion thereof in horizontal section. 20...
Excavation machine, 22...Car body, 24...Wheels, 2
8... endless track, 30... bridge, 6
0...Drilling equipment, 62...Support frame aircraft,
64... End plate device (related part), 68... Cylinder device (position change device), 69... Running direction, 82.
...Drilling wheel, 85...Front-facing end, 86
...Shaft, 87...Drilling tooth, 89...Rearward end, 90...Motor, 102...Drilling bucket, 1
04... Cutting green, 108... Fixed wall, 11
0...Movable wall, 120...Bucket wall drive device, 142...Main conveyor, 146...
...Material receiving part 148...Material discharge part, 170...Auxiliary conveyor device. ''G. 2○ ” M○ L ○ ○ StopF'G. 3 f'G 5 F'G. 7

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 (a) A pair of rims 84, 84' spaced parallel to each other on a common axis 86, and fixed rims 84, 84' arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction between these rims 84, 84'. a cutting edge 104 extending to a front wall 108; a movable rear wall 1 mounted for pivoting from a material receiving position to a material extrusion position;
10, a plurality of fixed plate members 112, 114 forming a fixed side wall 84 flush with one rim 84 and a side drilling tooth 87 extending from the cutting edge 104 out of the plane of the other rim 84'; (b) an excavation wheel 82 consisting of an excavation basket 102;
9, and one rim 84 is located rearward in the direction of travel with respect to the acute angle X and the other rim 84' is located forward in the direction of travel with respect to the acute angle X. As such, the shaft 86 of the digging wheel 82
and (c) a drive device 9 that rotates the excavation wheel 82.
0; and (d) an actuator 120 for actively moving the excavation bucket rear wall 110 from a material receiving position to a material extrusion position or vice versa in response to rotation of the excavation wheel 82; The width of the excavated portion formed by the cutting edge 104 and the side excavation tooth 87 is wider than the width of the vehicle body so that the outer end of the side excavation tooth 87a extends beyond the inner end of the side excavation tooth 87b at the rear position of the vehicle body. The shape of the side digging tooth 87, the width of the digging basket 102, and the acute angle X are defined as follows.