JPS60220264A - Aluminum alloy cylinder liner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the wear-resistant performance by forming an aluminum alloy cylinder liner with a material having initially crystallized Si particles of 40-80mm. particle size and eutectic Si particles of 10mm. or less particle size which occupy 60% of the particle area. CONSTITUTION:A cylinder liner is formed with an aluminum alloy in which Si constituent is 16-30wt%, Cu 0.3-7.0%, and the remainder is practically aluminum, and initially crystallized Si particles of 40-80mm. particle size and eutectic Si particles of 10mm. or less particle size occupy more than 60% of the particle area. Owing to this, the material can possess an excellent wear-resistant performance as well as mechanical strength.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a cylinder liner that is inserted into a cylinder or cylinder block of an engine or the like.

(Prior art) Cylinder liners are generally used in large engines, etc., and are loaded into cylinders or cylinder blocks, and are Instead, it forms a dynamic wall surface 113 with the screw 1. Therefore, the +'I t'J of the cylinder liner causes the PPI movement 1' with the piston or the bisto cylinder. Not only is it required to have abrasion resistance that can withstand wear and tear, but also sufficient mechanical strength and load capacity11 are required because it can withstand repeated loads such as side pressure from the piston and explosion pressure of fuel.Therefore, conventionally, Wear resistance due to +A″PJ of cylinder liner,
Steel or high-grade cast iron, which has excellent mechanical strength, was generally used.

(Problems with the prior art) However, the cylinder liner J made of steel or cast iron
Since the lcL weight (h) is heavy, there is a drawback that it takes a lot of effort to install and remove the cylinder liner when replacing it, especially in large engines. In addition, when used in automobiles, it has also become a factor that hinders the general demand for weight reduction of small automobile parts.

Of course, in order to achieve the eaves m of the cylinder liner,
It would be easy to imagine using conventionally known aluminum alloy castings or die castings 1 as the material for Cylinder Lie J, but these would conversely pose problems in terms of wear resistance and mechanical strength. Met.

-3- (Objective of the Invention) The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, aluminum alloy is used as the material of the cylinder liner (to reduce its weight, and the composition and structure of the aluminum alloy are changed).
``J, Su, Zo 11 white body with improved quality 11 has extremely excellent wear resistance V1, and has excellent strength and resistance 7111 small 1.
'L is good, but J and C are good for improving ductility and machinability.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a shilling rhino made of aluminum alloy that is simple to construct.

(Structure of the Invention) This invention is the first in Cylinder Live's (A-quality, 3i-containing 3i-containing hypereutectic region J^sili-1 aluminum alloy, C1 only bv Iluminium\71-ricks). The particle size and distribution state of crystalline 3i particles and JL crystalline Si particles are set to a constant range of F1. 16~・30
w1%, Oll 0°3-7. Qwt% included or further MO Ol-4 = 3-2. Q wt %, the remainder being substantially aluminum, wherein the aluminum matrix of the alloy contains 3 primary crystals with a grain size of 40 to OOtt m.
The i-particles are uniformly distributed occupying 60% or more of the total primary crystal 3 i-particle surface 1^, and the grains (eutectic
The present invention provides an aluminum alloy cylinder liner formed of a material in which i particles occupy 60% or more of the area of all eutectic 3i particles and are uniformly distributed.

(Specific explanation and operation of the structure) The above-mentioned aluminum alloy used for the cylinder live of this invention is generally produced by hot extrusion of an ingot cast by the known &6 method. It is manufactured by controlling the structure within a specific range.

First, the reason for limiting the range of each component of the alloy used in this invention is as follows.

Needless to say, Si, the main additive element, has an effect of <r'b(
·be. Therefore, generally speaking, the wear resistance is improved as the Si content increases, but the A
The ρ-Si alloy contains a large amount of 3i in the hypereutectic region,
)Iluminurium\\Relatively many primary S crystals in the matrix
It is necessary that one particle be dispersed.

Therefore, it is necessary that the Si content be at least 16W[%1], and if the Si content is less than 16W1%C, the wear resistance required for cylinder live cannot be obtained by the polishing itself. The content of 3i increases to a considerably large amount by selecting the manufacturing conditions for alloy 44F1 within a special range, but when the content exceeds 1% of 3QW, casting becomes extremely difficult. Since there is no cracking, the permissible turning time is less than the bending, and R4 is preferably 18 to 20 W [% culm content u].

Cu and Mo contribute to the strength of the alloy, and if the content is less than 0.3 wt%, it is difficult to provide the cylinder liner with the required mechanical strength of 44L5η. However, when CO exceeds 7 wt%, the corrosion resistance ('l) deteriorates significantly. Also, when Mg exceeds 2 wt%, the above effects are greatly increased.
produce products and deteriorate mechanical properties. From the experimental results (q), the most suitable 1,7 Cu content is approximately 3~
It is about 6 wt%, and the content ω of MO is 0.45 to 0.
．． It is about 65wt%.

As other optional additive elements, preferably, for example, 3r
and/or P may be added.

All of these elements are equivalent in that they act as refining agents to refine primary 3i particles during casting, and it is sufficient to contain at least one of them, but less than 0.005 wt% of each. However, the above effects are lacking, Q,
Even if it exceeds 1 wt%, no particular increase in effect can be expected.

Furthermore, Ni can be used as an optional additional element.
, Fe, and yln.

All of these elements effectively change LJ to improve the heat resistance of the alloy, and in terms of this effect, they all have equivalents ζ゛, and at least bl 1 J,
It is sufficient if each component contains Q, 5w or more.
If it is less than 3wt%, it is difficult to realize the effect of tormentation;
%, the cutting il+ becomes worse by 9A.

The alloy material according to the present invention having the above-mentioned component range is cast and then extruded to form a culm to bring its structure into a specific range. That is, the aluminum thin alloy described above is melted and soaked in #R according to the conventional method to produce a real aluminum alloy ingot. The primary crystal 3i particles contained in the ingot that is cast into this cast T culm are those that have been refined by adding Sr and (or) 1].
r The particle size is 100 I
Including those in Japan and Japan, there are still 40 people in total. 41°, eutectic 3i grain, grain (￥3
It is quite human-sized as a whole, including a b of about 0/i rn, and its shape is r1-like? =C of lb
be.

Therefore, the ingot containing these relatively coarse primary crystals and Si particles is further extruded at a temperature of about 350 to 420 DEG C. at 1.alpha. Then, by this hot extrusion, a part of the coarse primary Si crystals contained in the alloy is destroyed, and almost all of the grains are in the Fe range of 10 to 80 μm.
In addition, the grains of 40 μm or more are refined to a range where they occupy an area ratio of 60% or more of the total primary Si grain area, and the distribution is made uniform, and the eutectic Si grains also have $1-like crystals. The shape is divided into granules by dividing them in the length direction, and each particle size is 15 μm or less, and 100 μm or less.
Particles of μm or less occupy an area ratio of 60% or more with respect to the total area of eutectic Si particles. In the above, "Hadondozube" means that it is possible to include particles exceeding the above particle size range in extremely rare cases, but if favorable manufacturing conditions are adopted,
Primary Si particles and Jt crystals that deviate from the specified particle size range
One particle can be virtually completely free.

Like this? The preferred manufacturing conditions are particularly suitable for extrusion.
- Conditions: billet latitude: 350~/120'C, ram speed: 0.03~0.2m/wain, extrusion: 1
It is preferable to set the bearing length to 0 to 40, and more preferably to use an extrusion die with a bearing length of 5 to 15#l#I.

By the way, as mentioned above, the grain size of the primary 3i crystals in the alloy phase line is 60 m in the range of /IO ~ 8011 m.
(limited to occupying an area of 112% or more) is
If it contains a large amount of b less than 40 tt m, the expected excellent leaf wear resistance 1q is 1! If the φ contains a large amount of coarse particles exceeding 80 μm, the distribution will be uneven and coarse (7), which will increase the dispersion of wear resistance and reduce the cutting speed. This is because the Jξ product St particles are limited to containing particles with an area ratio of 60% or less with a particle size of 151.zm or less. 'FJ1 of primary Si particles
'! - as in Section 11, J is inevitably refined to the above range.
If I were to list its effects, I would say that it is less than 5-10- (if the crystalline Si particles are coarse and larger than 15 ttm and remain in large quantities, it is less than 4L). It is expected that defects will be more common in the machinability of the torso, and therefore, the effect on the cutting surface P1 will be increased due to the ridge surface effect.

(Effect of the invention) The cylinder drive according to this yt light is
The structure of the composition is ^ It is known that it was formed by knowing the silicon aluminum alloy monthly rate.
A'fj has extremely excellent wear resistance fl (j'lI) and also has extremely excellent mechanical strength.
It is possible to achieve a reduction in weight while maintaining sufficient abrasion resistance, mechanical strength, and resistance (1-1) required for cylinder litchi.

Therefore, the handling of the cylinder lychee becomes easier, and the labor required to remove and remove the cylinder into one cylinder is reduced, and the automatic middle engine can be installed easily. When used in an excellent manner, the general requirement C has a zero effect on the lightening of a certain part, and it becomes 15 times higher.

11- (Example) Examples of the present invention will be described below.

Table 411 Concerning the tJ Luminium 13-base alloy having the composition shown in Table 1 above, the present invention first melted the alloy. A billet I is made, and then this billet I is extruded 1&!+
(1/l 15°C, extrusion ram speed Q, 1 m/min column fI ('iI'i (Y Extrude lJb onto a 30 arm round bar;: I e Apply hot arm 1 immediately and cylinder live H's child 81 (ha).

-12-In the test piece according to the present invention H, it contains 4? First crystal S i II completion 1. All of the IJ grains belonged to the IY range of 10 to 80 μm, and moreover, the 6 grains in the 40 to 80 μm range clearly accounted for 60% or more of the area of the primary 3i grains. .

In addition, the eutectic Si particles are refined, and all of them are in the particle size range of 1,511,711 or less (゛, the area ratio of 60% or more of the total eutectic Si particle area is 10 μm or more. It was something.

-/J, Comparison No. 5 is a C8-8 alloy known as an aluminum alloy with excellent wear resistance, and it was supplied with Ichisaka products by I+T.

We investigated the abrasion resistance and rigidity of each of the weighing aluminum alloy materials according to the present invention (compared with as-cast billets of the same composition as A and V) for each of the weighing aluminum alloy materials listed in 1-1. As shown in Table 2).

[Margin below 1 - 13 - Table 2 (Note 1): Abrasion resistance (II test was conducted using an Okoshi type 1f abrasion tester with a rotating disk, friction distance 11111: 600 m, friction 1? X speed IQ: 2
yn/min, partner shrine: l-C-30 (JIS) test strip A'IC implementation, 1 (Note 2): Cutting T member's order is front angle: 0 degrees, side 1 peg. Angle: 101 (1, front relief angle near 11, lA relief IJ'/+'+: 71 ([, a
rt +J+-14- Use a hard cutting tool with the following specifications: Mechanical angle: 8 degrees, Cross cutting angle: 0 degrees, Nose raw (Y: 0 degrees, 9) Depth of cut: 0, 1 t
nm, speed f: 0.05am, rotation speed: 50Orp
m, lubricant: petroleum cutting strip 1'1g, lino cutting distance l! 111: 200
After cutting 7n (j-), I@ of the flank surface of pi 1-
if, the width was measured.

As can be seen from the test bundle of 11 wear resistance 1 noF in Table 1, the cylinder liner according to the present invention has the same alloy composition.
However, the 81 particles in the aluminum helix were cast with different grain sizes and distribution states, and while maintaining clearly superior wear resistance f1 compared to A,
The effect of reducing the dispersion of 1 was observed, and the abrasion resistance f1 was significantly superior to that of the comparative materials.

On the other hand, in the comparison of cutting tool life, the present invention's Ct1 showed a W1 improvement compared to Norano, and compared to 41. - Compare (b only 1.
-It's inferior, but Ill fill Tjirishif It IX
+ erosion/j cutting 11 wo small cover-)I.

J, T, Invention 441.1, I, I'4'+ b Pull 1v strong 1 (mouth/l0Kg/-, reduce 11C1 of 1, compare (A tensile strength 33 to 9 /ajJsu01gre(fold, elongation l): 'Reduce the value of l below % Ratio +Q44
tl) $l+(F O,!+ % J, k> b 1
．． 1) (゛ah-)IJ, I'm finally back home.

Therefore, the present invention (using A0 Figure IC10, - Small 7.1
)M, if it is charged into cylinder (1)) cylinder part (,
1 (2) was made;
piston ring (/I) and U month FI 11'
Maintains sufficient wear resistance to fit into gaps.
During the period of ξ(, -1 I n 1 ingrod <5), the lateral pressure of the piston (3) or (
, (Although it maintains sufficient mechanical strength 10 and resistance 611Φ111 against the light and snow of the fuel) .II
Addition [
High viscosity cylinder rhino in old pot 4! I'm in the middle of the day.

-16-

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and therefore show a schematic configuration of an engine using a cylinder rhinoceros. (1)...Cylinder, <2)...Cylinder liner,
<3)...Piston, (/I)...Piston ring, (1)...-]Next rod. Above -17-

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Si 16-30wt%, CLI 0.3-7
, □wt%, the remainder being substantially aluminum, wherein in the aluminum matrix of the alloy, primary Si particles with a particle size of 40 to 80 μm account for 60% or more of the total primary Si particle area. All eutectic 3i particles occupy the area, are uniformly distributed, and have a particle size of 10 μm or less.
An aluminum alloy cylinder liner characterized in that it is made of a material that is uniformly distributed and occupies 60% or more of the particle area. (2) 16 to 30 wt% of Si and 0.3 to 7.0 wt% of Cu.
0 wt%, and Mg 0.3 to 2. □wt%, the balance being substantially aluminum, the aluminum matrix of the alloy having a grain size of 40
The primary crystal S1 particles of ~80 μm-1 occupy more than 00% of the total primary Si particle surface (^), and the A cylinder liner made of an aluminum alloy, characterized in that it is formed of six uniformly distributed materials occupying 60% or more of the surface area of the eutectic S+ particles.