JPS60213193A - Stereoscopic video system of television - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] It is something.

Conventional stereoscopic vision methods generally take λ images of the same object from one point separated by a distance equal to or greater than the distance between the irises of one eyeball, and hibernate only the images taken by the corresponding camera. 1 Force the right eye to see the image taken by the camera positioned at the right point, and the left eye to see the image taken by the camera positioned at the left point. I have to.

Various methods are known for displaying images, and in most cases the images are generated at different positions, one image is separated from the other, and the image gI is created using an optical device. They are projected simultaneously to produce only seven images (stereoscopic images gI). Another method involves showing images alternately on the same screen at different moments;
It is necessary to use glasses that allow alternating images to be smelled synchronously with both eyes.

It is also possible to show the image images at the same time, but this method has the feature that the image images are distinguished by each eye; This was possible by using glasses with complementary color filters that could pass only the image of the inner image to the corresponding eye, or alternatively, by emitting orthogonally polarized light between the internal images to show the image. You can also see the image yourself through right-angle polarized glasses with filters.

All of the methods described above present photocopy images or light images projected onto a gold t screen that reflects each image with t polarization.

Of all the methods mentioned above, only the last method, i.e., projecting the image image onto the same screen by means of orthogonally polarized light, has been industrialized and technically successful, while the other methods have drawbacks that make them impractical. has not been standardized.

Regarding stereoscopic images on electronic screens, there are different problems: first, stereoscopic images of silent images do not require interruptions of light, and cinematic projection requires interruptions of light that are longer than the light transit time when projecting images. However, on a television screen, when one image ends, the first line of the second image already begins without any interruption of light, so that the first image is shown continuously.

In the case of a television screen, you can manipulate the image to align the image to the selected location, reverse the position of the image, or alternatively place the image on a strip or circle. , or you can cut it up and down.

When the images are positioned side by side, the single image can be sufficiently displaced by optical methods;
Three images, namely the one on the left (which is redundant)
Then, project the center image (stereoscopic image) and the other image on the right side (which is also redundant), and use a polarizing eye stitch to project the one image on the side to transfer the light from each image to the other image. The image light can be erased by a polarizing mask that polarizes the light at right angles.

The same can be done if one of the images is in the upper half of the screen and the other in the lower half (in this case an optical device is required) to vertically orient the image. An optical wedge is used to obtain three images by displacing the image to produce an upper image (extra image), a central image (stereoscopic image), and a lower image (extra image). Using a fixed polarization mask, the upper half of the screen is used to generate polarized light in the lower image. Leaves only the central 3D image.

However, these methods have the disadvantage that the dimensions of the stereoscopic image are half of the dimensions of the screen, the screen for the stereoscopic image itself is necessarily small, and the final image is small. For example, there is a problem in that it is not possible to show a panoramic scene.

・This invention publishes Mosaic Q on television screen.
It is characterized by having an image source located on the third side, a mosaic surface of i image tubes in black and white or color, seven flat screens with separate light emitting elements installed at fixed positions,
A mask formed by a linear or curved strip-shaped skin element or a small piece of polarizing material is provided on the screen, such as a liquid crystal as in a large screen or a screen provided with a large number of small light bulbs, and a mask made by a small piece of polarizing material is provided on the screen. The remaining element groups are distributed within the element group so that the total area is approximately half of the screen, and the polarization direction is the same as that for the transmitted light, so that the remaining element groups are in a plane with the polarization direction of the first element group. It forms an ellipse to polarize light in the angular direction.

When a small-area image that coincides with the first polarizing element group is formed on the rear side of the filter of the polarizing element, the first ge image is formed by the seventh eye with another polarizing filter in the same direction located on the rear side. However, if there is a polarizing filter in the first eye whose polarization direction is perpendicular to the polarizing filter in front of the chain eye, this #/eye will be fp,
I can't see the image. The same phenomenon also occurs for the second image, and by setting the polarization direction perpendicular to the ν/polarization direction, the second eye can see the second image, but the first eye cannot see the second image. I can't see it.

As a method of attaching the first polarization element group in the same direction as the polarization mosaic or filter mask in the light emitting area of the first image, the width is determined by a known method such as a control device of a television broadcasting station, an image mixing device, etc. It is convenient to divide the 6 shadows t into horizontal strips.

This allows the images taken by both cameras to be represented by alternately positioned lines, for example, the odd-numbered line of the image taken by the first camera and the even-numbered line of the image taken by the second camera. It can be expressed as In practice, the strip (
Alternating transmissions (with a width of several lines across) can be carried out by one or the other camera and provided over the entire screen, but in front of each strip of the image there is a corresponding polarizing strip of the mask. is located, the strip can be selected.

This method can also be used to transmit both images alternately, so that if first the left strip is transmitted, then the right strip is transmitted. Transmit another black (gray) to the strip (left side), then transmit the left strip again, and then the first
After transmitting the shadow g#, the third cost trip (right side), t
a, 3 strips (gray), Is” strip (
It is also possible to transmit a strip of the image as shown on the right).

By using a polarizing mask of the type described above, there is no need to use an ophthalmic shutter that operates in synchronization with the vertical scanning frequency of the camera. It also determines the position of the viewer,
There is no need for fixation and there is no loss of color quality in the image.

Although each image has half a line of the screen, both images give the entire screen gauze information to the head, resulting in a substantially stereoscopic image with the same clarity as f images.

A method of dividing the image into a number of horizontal strips is to vary the width of the strips and to place strips on a polarizing mask that correspond in shape, tenet and dimensions to the light strips of one image taken by the - cameras. You can also do it. A single signal image is placed on a special effect desk consisting of signals alternately constructed or recorded by one or the other camera strip and later played back on a video cassette monitor.

Alternatively, using horizontal strips and a corresponding mask,
If a polarizing mask made up of elements that match the image is available, the image can be resolved arbitrarily.

Although a mask of strips polarizing alternately in one direction and in a direction perpendicular to this can be located outside one image screen, it is particularly important to standardize the number and width of the strips to a certain degree, especially if the strips are a luminescent mosaic or It is a must-see when placed close between the transparent bubble covers of ordinary tubes. This makes it possible to obtain a perfect match between the image and the polarization mask. This matching can be achieved, for example, by means of a small magnetic field in the neck of the image tube. This method is particularly suitable for flat screens in which the lines are always in the same position and have separate elements that allow the strips of the polarization mosaic to be fixed precisely in front of the lines to be covered.

The same applies to large screens constructed by a large number of small light bulbs placed in fixed positions, which can likewise be easily covered by fixed polarizing elements.

The image tube provided with the inner mask according to the invention does not require any modification to the television vision set and is suitable for stereoscopic and ordinary images since the eye can easily accept one polarization. be able to.

Polarizing strips can be provided in half of the screen and each strip can contain a gold tint, thus eliminating - unwanted images when the strips are horizontal as well as vertical.

If you do not want to view a stereoscopic image program, or if you have difficulty viewing a stereoscopic image but still want to view the program, use glasses to align both eyes with one of the polarization directions produced by a polarizing filter (mask). It can also be covered by the same polarizing filter.

The plane angle polarization mentioned above can be oriented vertically or horizontally, or with respect to the horizontal, e.g.
It can be oriented at any angle such as 0°, and the first polarization angle from yc is 7.200, that is,
Both polarizations are at right angles to each other. It is not necessary to use one polarization for one or the other image, or for one or the other eye, but it is always necessary to use the same polarization for one image and one eye.

The invention will now be explained with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, by means of a device with a special effect which is present in all television studios, the images are taken together by one camera, and these images are separated into two horizontal strips and radiated. In a television set, a strip 3 belongs to the image Q/, which is vertically polarized by the mask and corresponds to the left eye, and a strip 3 belongs to the corresponding image O-, which is polarized horizontally by the mask and is seen by the right eye. appears as.

When viewing this image directly without using a polarizing spectroscopic glass, it appears as a single image formed by - images O/ and θ continuous light scanning lines.

Figure 2 shows that the strip 3 and da are fixed at their edges and fr--
An example is shown in which an r-splash is placed behind a seven-dimensional emitter mosaic 5 to generate a single image ray. It has been pointed out by the image tube manufacturers that this method uses a thin mask in order to achieve perfect correspondence between the rays and the strips of the mask. It can be made smaller and the best stereoscopic images can be obtained.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which a polarizing mask made of strips 3 and da is placed outside the image area on the far side from the photo emitter mosaic 5. It is necessary to increase the width, for example, for a strip containing the same polarization, the image line will be S- or more. As in the example described above, it is necessary to align the image strips perfectly, and this can be achieved by vertically displacing the images by means of conventional magnetic devices.

To manufacture these masks, strips 3 and q
A polarized light strip 10 is glued onto a transparent plate 6 along with a polarized light strip, a non-polarized portion 9 is provided, and a polarized light strip 10 is glued onto the other plate with a polarized light strip 10 perpendicular to the IJ knob g. Not provided ・Part/l is provided. Arrange the drawing boards adjacent to each other, align the polarizing strip g on the board 6 with the transparent part // of the board 7, and align the part t of the board with the polarizing strip lθ on the board in the position i1. .

Next, I will explain the vision process.

In FIG. 5, one of the strips 3 has vertical polarization, and the same strip J in FIG.
corresponds to the stripper of FIG. 1, has an image piece of image 0/, the other stripper has horizontal polarization, corresponds to the stripper of FIG. has. By using glasses with one polarized lens saw and 13 polarized at right angles to each other), the right eye can only see the same polarized shadow @01 ray 3 through the polarized lens saw, and the strips q and The right eye can't see the image 0, so the right eye can see the image 0 made up of the horizontal strips, and by moving the eye intentionally, we can change the horizontal parallax angle to focus on interesting details. Can be matched. When the images O1 and 0 are moved as shown in Figure S and fixed in one plane as shown in Figure 6, the optical axes intersect in that zone and the object is brought closer to the imaging camera. When the viewer tries to view the image, the optical axis moves toward and away from the viewer. This visual plane moves away from the viewer when the viewer observes an object that is far away from the camera.

A phenomenon other than that of vertical displacement of a surface which allows the optical axes of the eye to intersect and enable stereoscopic viewing is illustrated in FIG.

This new phenomenon is due to the fact that each moves vertically at a very small vertical parallax angle, so that the rays 16 overlap each other and, of course, similarly opaque strips join together. An image intersected by horizontal dark lines is obtained.

This phenomenon can be easily corrected by locating the degree of polarization of the eyeglass lenses I and C not exactly at right angles, but, for example, at an angle smaller than Qo. This allows the glasses to be rotated slightly to align the light path of one image with the light path of the other image.

By positioning the images in the same direction and making their strengths the same, the driver that causes vertical parallax is eliminated from the eye, and each image can be seen within its plane, as shown in Figure 3. You can see 3D images without dark lines.

Another way to prevent vertical parallax in the eye is to
As shown in the figure, use strips 2.2 and 3, make the width of these strips smaller as they move toward the center of the screen, and move each strip up and down at a certain point to place it in that place. Fix it. This requires that the strip be in a similar position to the mask strip in the studio split image.

In a more complex case, the separate images captured by the - cameras and transmitted by the television emitters may be decomposed by a mixer with special effects at the television station. A mask that can be used in this case is shown in FIG. The mask consists of a number of quadrilateral frames as shown in the drawing: t
By using this mask, the same effect as in the previous example can be obtained. I can.

As supplementary information, all of the above was obtained up to a strip width of 5lllII as shown in Figure 3.
Ideally, the mask should be placed as shown in Figure 12, ie inside the tube, so that the width of its polarizing strip can be made narrowest down to the width of a single line of the optical image. The use of future digitizing screens will be even more suitable for the identification of polarizing strips and imaging strips at the same location.

According to the method described above, the odd-numbered lines form one image, the even-numbered lines form the other image, and the intersecting images are completely distinguished by polarized glasses, so that the entire screen is covered. can be viewed at the same time.

If the viewer is unable to see 3D images because one of his eyes is bad, but he wishes to see the broadcast program, he should use polarized glasses, and place the polarized light from the polarized lens of one eye on one side of the image. By aligning the directions parallel to each other, even if you cannot see all the details, you can understand only half of the lines, so you can understand the program better. When viewing stereoscopic images with cross-polarized glasses, each person sees each image as half of a line, but in their head, it is as if they were receiving all of the image lines from seven non-stereoscopic emitters. A three-dimensional image appears in this way.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a front view of a television screen showing the image strips created by the vertically polarized mask and the horizontally polarized mask. Figure 1 is a route map showing an example of the mask being placed inside the image tube. Figure D is a route map showing other configuration examples of the mask, Figure S is an explanatory diagram of the normal non-stereoscopic vision process, and Figure 6 is a diagram showing polarized glasses. An explanatory diagram of the three-dimensional vision process used. Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram of the phenomenon of eye conformity due to the vertical parallax angle. Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of the method for correcting the deviation shown in Figure 7. - Figure 9 is a mask. FIG. 10 is a front view showing seven examples of mask shapes, and FIG. 10 is a front view showing other mask shapes. /, 2. ,,horizontal strip 3,'1. ．． ．． Mask strip 503. Mosaic 6. ? ,,transparent plate g,io,,,
Polarizing stripter, //,, non-polarizing part. FIG, 5 FIG, 6 FJe, 9 FIG, 10 Procedural amendment (method) % formula % 1. Indication of the case 1985 Patent application No. 54745 2. Title of invention Television stereoscopic image method 3. Make amendments Patent applicant address: Ipiji, Madrid, Ind., 23 Name: Joaquin Gometz Barkello 4, agent Address: 105 Address: Bussan Building Annex, 1-1-15 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Telephone (591) 0261 There is no change in the engraving contents of the detailed statement.

Claims (1)

[Claims] t Visible frequency shadow (1
' is divided into two groups of light strips, the first camera and the light strips by the first camera are arranged alternately, so that these light strips are always at the same position on the television screen, and the light strips of the first image A polarizing strip of the same shape is arranged in the front position of the camera, and all of the light strips of the first image belonging to the seventh camera are respectively polarized in the first direction by the first polarizing strip, and the light strips are placed in the same polarization path as these polarized lights. The first polarized light of the image is placed in front of the light strip of the image by the first camera, which is viewed by one of the seventh eyes through a first filter that allows light to pass therethrough. a first polarizing strip capable of polarizing at right angles to the polarization direction by the strip; a first polarizing strip having the same polarization as the first polarizing strip of the first image;
A stereoscopic video system for television characterized in that a filter is gauged so that an image of the elephant is viewed through the other eye. Half of the two groups of strips obtained by separating the images taken by the 22 cameras appear on the screen, and the odd-numbered strips on the screen correspond to the first image taken by the seventh camera. In some cases, the odd numbered strips of the image belonging to the first camera are not used;
Even numbered lines in the first image that do not appear on the screen)
The IJ knob appears on the screen, and the IJ knob is not used and does not appear on the screen, and the images of the two cameras are connected to the two groups of light strips by the first camera and these two groups The stereoscopic image system of the television set forth in item 1 of the scope of the patent, characterized in that the light strips are formed alternately by the light strips of other groups by the inserted first camera. 3. After transmitting all the light strips corresponding to the first image separately from the light strip corresponding to the first image, the second image is transmitted separately from the light strip corresponding to the first image.
All the light strips corresponding to the image are transmitted, thereby combining the entire image at the same time by making substitutions between the light strips, first only the even numbered light strips, then the same odd numbered light strips. Stereoscopic television system according to claim 1, characterized in that the image is formed only by these corresponding light strips, all alternatingly showing the image from one or the other camera. . Weak The vertical width of the light strip is reduced to the thickness of the lines in the screen image, and these lines are operated in sequence on the surface screen in the same way as they are the probing lines in a normal tube image by horizontal scanning of the electron beam. The stereoscopic image system of a television according to claim 1, characterized in that it is formed by individual elements or cells or liquid crystals or small light bulbs in a magnifying screen. Left Polarizing strips are bonded onto a transparent plate to form a mask that polarizes light alternately in one direction and in the other direction perpendicular to the polarizing strip. The television stereo according to claim 1, characterized in that only even-numbered strips or odd-numbered strips are provided on the mask.
! LL image method. 6. Position the polarizing strips constituting the mask outside or inside the screen of an ordinary shadow gI tube, provide a plate with light-emitting elements, and align the position of the image line with the polarizing strips on the mask by means of the magnetic device 1. 8. A stereoscopic television system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that it is provided adjacent to a light emitting plate for matching the light strip to the polarization strip in a permanent manner that can be adjusted accordingly. (h) The width of the light strip of the image and the width of the polarization strip on the mask are made variable, and the width of the successive strips as well as the length of each strip is changed. The stereoscopic video system of the television described. g allowing the polarization to vary along the seven strips by means of bands that alternately deflect the light in one dimension or in another direction perpendicular to this, although it can be varied along the width; , hexagonal, square or triangular elements or other shapes, the horizontal dimension of which is predictably larger than the vertical dimension. John's stereoscopic imaging method. D Claim S characterized in that a strip or slit without polarizing material is interposed between the polarizing strips.
The stereoscopic video system of the television set forth in item 1 above.