JPS6021108B2 - Stopper and lateral restoring device for air springs in vehicles - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a highly displaceable air spring stopper and lateral restoring device that is provided to eliminate a mechanism for allowing swivel between a bogie and a vehicle body.

Recently, an air spring 1 for European vehicles has been developed that allows for large changes in shape as shown in Figure 1, and there is a growing momentum to develop various air springs with similar performance. It's coming. The air spring 1 that allows this large displacement is a mechanism in which a tire-shaped air spring bellows 4 is installed between an upper plate 2 attached to the car body and a lower plate 3 attached to the truck, and the air spring bellows 4 is a mechanism that mimics such air springs. By using 1, there is no need for rotational horizontal structures such as core plates and rocking pillows, which were provided to allow the swivel movement of the bogie as in conventional railway vehicles, and the structure of the vehicle, especially the bogie, is simplified. This will have a very large effect, but on the other hand, the air spring 1 that requires such a large displacement has an extremely small spring constant with respect to the shank displacement, so it is necessary to obtain an appropriate spring constant in the lateral direction. The structure is difficult to achieve because it requires the installation of another horizontal air spring, or the need for a special rubber-like core plate that does not damage the softness or characteristics of the vertical air spring. There was a problem that the benefits of simplification were canceled out.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and eliminates the need to provide a new lateral air spring or core plate for an air spring capable of large displacement, and eliminates the need for a vertical stopper rubber mechanism built into the air spring. In addition to obtaining the necessary lateral spring constant using the upper and lower stopper rubber mechanisms, even when lateral displacement force or car body load is applied to the vertical stopper rubber mechanism, the rotation of the bogie relative to the car body, that is, the swivel movement of the bogie, can be prevented with little resistance. To provide a stopper and lateral restoring device for air springs in vehicles, which is capable of allowing the vehicle to operate safely even on curved sections of railway lines, exhibits extremely excellent functionality, and is advantageous in terms of space. The purpose is to

In other words, the air spring stopper and lateral restoring device for vehicles of the present invention eliminates the mechanism that allows swivel movement between the bogie and the car body, and moves the air spring that can be moved to the left and right from the center of rotation of the rigging vehicle. They are located symmetrically, and are located inside each of the left and right air springs, and a stopper rubber is attached to one of the bogie and the car body, and a stopper plate is attached to the other so that they face each other vertically. In a device provided with vertical stopper rubber mechanisms, a rubbing plate is provided on the surface of the stopper rubber of the vertical stopper rubber mechanism that faces the stopper plate, and on the wisteria side thereof, and the inside of each of the left and right air springs is A contact plate is provided that protrudes from the side of the bogie and the vehicle where the stopper plate of the vertical stopper rubber mechanism is attached and is placed opposite to the rubbing plate on the side of the stopper rubber, so that the bogie and the vehicle body are opposed to each other. When lateral displacement occurs, the rubbing plate on the lateral side of the stopper rubber comes into contact with the contact plate to generate a lateral restoring force in the vertical stopper rubber mechanism, thereby appropriately buffering and stopping the lateral displacement of the trolley. The rubbing plates on the stopper rubber Fujiichi side and the abutment plates are arranged so as to be able to be restored, and each of the above-mentioned scraping plates has a low coefficient of friction, and the rubbing plates on the stopper rubber Fujiichi side and the above-mentioned abutment plates are arranged in approximately the same D circle with the center of rotation of the trolley as the center. It is constructed in the shape of a circular arc plate, and even when lateral displacement force or car body load is applied to the upper and lower stopper rubber mechanism, the rotary shell relative to the bogie car body takes advantage of the characteristics of the air spring that enables the above-mentioned large displacement. 0, the swivel movement of the bogie can be well tolerated with little resistance, allowing the vehicle to run safely even on curved sections of the route, and is particularly advantageous in terms of space under the car body floor. It has a structure in which everything is built into the air spring, and it is very effective and excellent in practical use, as it has a vertical stopper function, a lateral restoring function, and a function of allowing the bogie to swivel. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.

In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes an air spring for a vehicle that allows large displacement, and includes an upper plate 12 fixed to a vehicle body (not shown), a lower slope 13 fixed to a truck (not shown), and upper and lower plates 12, 13. It consists of an air spring bellows 14 having a large tire-like structure interposed therebetween, and is configured to freely tolerate large displacements in the vertical and lateral directions. Note that the lower green part of the air spring bellows 14 is fixed to the lower plate 13 with a metal fitting 15. A vertical stopper rubber mechanism 16 is provided in the air spring 11 having such a structure, located between the upper plate 12 and the lower slope 13.

This stopper rubber mechanism 16 is in a state in which it is iron-coupled with a rubber enclosure 17 integrally provided on the metal fitting 15 and having one side and an open upper surface, and a boss portion 18a protruding from the bottom plate 18 within this rubber enclosure 17. The stopper rubber 19 is attached with
Vertical stopper metal fittings 2 installed with the
0, a rubbing plate 21 with a friction coefficient as low as possible attached to the upper surface of the metal fitting 20, and a friction plate 21 attached to the upper end of the rubber enclosure 18 with bolts 22, and a friction plate 21 attached to the upper surface of the vertical stopper fitting 20 above the rubber enclosure 18. It is composed of a holding green plate 23 for preventing floating and detachment, and an upper stopper plate 24 which is integrally provided below the upper plate 12 and faces the rubbing plate 21. Further, the stopper rubber 19 of the above-mentioned vertical stopper mechanism 16 has a form in which a part of the stopper rubber 19 protrudes a suitable length outward from the lateral open surface of the rubber enclosure 17, and a lateral stopper metal fitting 25 is attached to a boss portion 26a at the tip of the protruding portion. is attached so as to fit with the stopper rubber 19.

A friction plate 16 having a coefficient of friction as low as possible is also attached to the center of the outer surface of the lateral stopper fitting 25. The upper plate 1 has a contact plate 27 fixed to the chapter body near the outer side of the horizontal stopper metal fitting 25 having the rubbing plate 26.
A lateral stopper fitting 25 comes into contact with this contact plate 27 via a rubbing plate 26 during relative lateral displacement between the vehicle body and the bogie. Here, the above-mentioned contact plate 27 has reinforcing ribs 28 on the outer surface.
It is curved in a planar arc shape so that the distance from the center of rotation of the trolley on its inner surface is constant over the entire surface, and is shaped so that it is at the same D angle with respect to the center of rotation of the trolley. At the same time, the horizontal stopper fitting 25 and the rubbing plate 2
6 is also curved in a planar arc shape.

Further, the horizontal stopper metal fittings 25 should have a certain gap between the bottom plate 18 of the rubber enclosure 17 and the vertical stopper metal fittings 20. The rubber enclosure 17 has a flange 25b and is slidably guided on the inner surfaces of both end plates of the rubber enclosure 17 via a rubbing plate 29.

A stopper step 25c is formed on the outer surface of the flange 25b to prevent excessive lateral displacement. Further, the stopper rubber 19 has a concave portion 19a in the vicinity where the flange 25b of the lateral stopper fitting 25 enters, so that when the lateral stopper fitting 25 is displaced and pushed in, the rubber 19 is bitten by the flange 25b. It is designed so that it does not get crowded.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the top and bottom surfaces of the stopper rubber 19 are inclined to become thinner toward the side of the lateral stopper fitting 25, and the upper surface on the opposite side is also inclined and made thinner. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, both ends and the top and bottom surfaces are inclined and thin, and the periphery has a structure with a slight gap between the bottom plate 18 of the rubber enclosure 17 and the vertical stopper fitting 20. There is. Note that the air spring 11 and its stopper/restoring device described above are arranged symmetrically in the left and right directions with respect to the center of rotation of the truck.
To describe the operation of the present invention, since the abutment plate 27 is arranged in a circular arc centered on the rotation center of the truck, the truck and the vehicle body are not relatively displaced laterally in the left and right direction. Sometimes, the contact plate 27 and the rubbing plate 26 of the lateral stopper fitting 25 do not come into contact with each other, and when the truck swivels in this state, a relative displacement occurs without contact.

Here, since the air springs 11 are arranged symmetrically to the left and right around the center of rotation of the bogie, for example, when the bogie undergoes a relative lateral displacement to the left or right with respect to the vehicle body, the air springs 11 are arranged in the direction of the lateral displacement. Lateral stopper fitting 2 inside air spring 11
5 comes into saddle contact with the contact plate 27 via the rubbing plate 26, and the stopper rubber 8 of the vertical stopper mechanism 16 is compressed to generate a restoring force. Moreover, since the horizontal stopper metal fitting 25 has a gap in the vertical direction with respect to the vertical stopper metal fitting 20 and the bottom plate 18, when the contact plate 27 and the rubbing plate 26 are in contact with each other as described above, the air spring 11 is Even if it is displaced up and down, the tip of the stopper rubber 19 can be moved up and down freely, and there is no vertical sliding between the contact plate 27 and the rubbing plate 26, so that the air spring 11 can be moved up and down freely. I can move. Furthermore, if the contact pressure between the contact plate 27 and the rubbing plate 26 is low, the force required for the hammering movement is small, so there is no problem at all even if the air spring 11 moves up and down significantly. Note that when a large vertical movement occurs while a large lateral force is being applied, the lateral stopper metal fitting 26 hits the bottom plate 18 or the vertical stopper metal fitting 20, and the rubbing plate 26 hits the plate 27.
This allows for displacement by hammering against the object. In addition, especially when excessive lateral force is applied, the lateral stopper fitting 2
The stopper stepped portion 25c of the flange 25b of No. 5 comes into contact with the rubber enclosure 17 to prevent abnormal displacement, and at the same time the stopper rubber 1
9 is restrained around the rubber enclosure 17, its lower surface plate 18, and the vertical stopper fitting 201, so that a nonlinear reaction force is suddenly generated against the lateral displacement of the lateral stopper fitting 25, preventing excessive lateral displacement. To prevent. In addition, when the truck swivels in this state, the lateral stopper metal fittings 25 move to the flanges 25b at both ends, while generating a lateral restoring force.
A friction plate 26 with a low friction coefficient superimposed on the rubber enclosure 17 is guided and held by the rubber enclosure 17 by a contact plate 27 which is arranged in a substantially concentric arc plate shape with the center of rotation of the trolley as its center. They slide against each other with little resistance, allowing for good swivel displacement of the truck. next,
When the air spring 11 is punctured or the vehicle is parked in a garage without a pressurized air source, the air spring 11 loses its vertical support force and the upper stopper plate 24 slides against the vertical stopper metal fitting 20. The stopper rubber 19 is compressed in the vertical direction.

In this case, since the rubber enclosure 17 surrounds the stopper rubber 19 on three sides, the stopper rubber 19 is compressed up and down while the lateral stopper metal fittings 25 are slightly pushed outward, so that the stopper rubber 19 can receive the vehicle body load. Become. However, as mentioned above, when the vehicle runs and approaches a curve with no air spring internal pressure, the rubbing plate 2 of the vertical stopper fitting 20
1 and the upper stopper plate 24 slide against each other to allow the swivel movement of the cart. In this case, the rotational resistance of the swivel movement of the cart is designed so that the friction coefficient of the rubbing plate 21 takes a value as low as possible. It does not become excessive because it is present.
Since the present invention is made as described above, the vertical stopper rubber mechanism inherent in the air spring is utilized without providing a new lateral air spring or core plate for the air spring that allows large displacement. Although it is extremely advantageous in terms of space under the floor of the car body, it not only functions as a vertical stopper but also obtains the necessary lateral spring constant and exerts lateral restoring force. It is possible to moderately buffer and stop lateral displacement of the truck and restore it, and even when lateral displacement force or vehicle body load is applied to the vertical stopper rubber mechanism,
The rotation of the bogie relative to the car body, or the swivel movement of the bogie, can be tolerated well with little resistance, and it is extremely practical as it can exhibit very excellent functionality that allows the vehicle to travel safely even on curved sections of the route. It is an effective and excellent air spring stopper and lateral restoring device.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of an air spring structure currently available that allows large lateral displacement, and FIGS. 2 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention. A vertical cross-sectional view showing an example in which the device of the present invention is incorporated into a spring, FIG.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the figure, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V in FIG. 4. 1, 11... Air spring, 2, 12... Upper plate, 3, 1
3... Lower plate, 4, 14... Air 1 imitation bellow, 15
...Metal fitting, 16...Vertical stopper rubber mechanism, 17...Rubber enclosure, 18...Bottom plate, 19...
Stopper rubber, 19a... recess, 0... vertical stopper fitting, 21, 26, 29... rubbing plate, 22... bolt, 2
3...Green plate for presser, 24...Upper stopper plate, 2
5... Lateral stopper metal fittings, 25a, 18a, 20
a... Post part, 25b... Flange, 25c... Stopper stepped part. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A mechanism for allowing swivel movement is omitted between the bogie and the car body, and air springs capable of large displacement are provided symmetrically to the left and right from the center of rotation of the bogie, and inside each of the left and right air springs. and a vertical stopper rubber mechanism in which a stopper rubber is attached to one of the bogie and the car body and a stopper plate is attached to the other in a vertically opposing state, wherein the stopper of the stopper rubber of the stopper rubber mechanism is provided. A friction plate with a low coefficient of friction is provided on the surface facing the plate and one side thereof, and a friction plate with a low coefficient of friction is provided inside each of the left and right air springs, protruding from the side of the bogie and car body on which the stopper plate of the vertical stopper rubber mechanism is attached. an abutting plate which is disposed opposite to a rubbing plate on one side of the stopper rubber and comes into contact with the rubbing plate on the side of the stopper rubber when the truck and the car body undergo relative lateral displacement to generate a lateral restoring force on the stopper rubber mechanism; A stopper and lateral restoring device for an air spring in a vehicle, characterized in that the contact plate and the rubbing plate on the lateral side of the stopper rubber are formed into substantially concentric circular arc plates centered on the center of rotation of the truck.