JPS6020995A - Manufacture of tough metallurgical coke - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing metallurgical coke. More particularly, such compacted particles are used to produce briquettes or other compacted products from meltable bitumen particles, non-melted particles that can be incorporated into the blast furnace charge, and water. It concerns the use of the shape and, if present, its strips, at least as part of the charge to a coke oven.

It is known to produce metallurgical coke from low-volatility biting flames and high-volatility biting flames.

The latter is generally preferred for this purpose because it can be supplied in large quantities and is less expensive than the lower volatility asphalt flame. However, such highly volatile crystalline flames undergo extreme pressure expansion during the coke oven process, which prevents damage to the oven walls due to excessive expansion during coke production and also prevents the coke from being removed from the oven. Sometimes a low-volatility type of blue flame is mixed with it to reduce the drag acting on the thruster. Typically, the coal mixture fed to the furnace contains about 70 parts of high volatility bitumen flame and about 30 parts of low volatility bituminous flame.

Stronger coke is known to improve blast furnace and cupola operation, and the higher the bulk weight (corresponding to higher bulk density) of the charge to the slot coke oven chamber, the stronger the coke produced. This is well known. To increase the bulk weight or density of the charge, it is common practice to crush the coal charge so that about 80+% of the particles are smaller than about 311II++ in diameter. To obtain such particle sizes, it is common practice to crush or grind the wet coal to avoid particles smaller than about 0.15 m+ as much as possible. This is because such fine particles, usually about 6 inches, combine with the moisture content in the coal, jamming the grinding equipment, blocking the feed from flowing into the coke oven, and bulking up the charge. It is also known that the bulk weight in the furnace chamber is increased by briquetting some of the coal fed. , and usually about 30% is briquettered. Avoid briquetting the feed by more than about 30%. This is because the pressure on the walls and the resistance to the propeller increases to a dangerous degree. In the smoldering process carried out, the coal particles of a typical mixture, about 80% of which have a diameter smaller than 3 mm, contain about 8 inches (based on the total weight) of asphalt, tar or pitch or the like. The wet coal particles may also be mixed with a mixture of
Their diameter is often smaller than 2111+1, but they can be compacted without the use of a binder in a dimpled double roll to form briquettes, or such particles can be compacted in a smooth double roll to form a continuous Stripping and shredding are known in the art. Two types of such solidification are relatively weak and easily break during processing. In one method, such solidified product is deliberately shredded before being fed to the coke oven. In current or prior art practice, all charges expand to a greater or lesser degree in the coke oven chamber.

It is known that small amounts of non-coked coal, weakly coked coal and coke breeze are mixed with other parts of the feed to the coke oven, although this reduces the strength of the coke produced. However, the addition of such substances has hitherto been carried out in manufacturing processes for economic reasons, in which processes, despite the use of hydrocarbon bed binders, some powder Approximately 30 inches of unsolidified feedstock containing coke has been briquettered.

The foregoing briquetting aids in the production of stronger coke, thus at least partially compensating for the weakening effects of involving 70 grams of unconsolidated mixture.

The first object of the present invention is to obtain the strength of metallurgical coke (usually
non-coking coal, weakly coking coal, other coke breeze, charcoal, anthracite, increasing the use of non-fusible materials such as lignite and iron oxide-containing materials, and at the same time avoiding the use of hydrocarbon binders in briquetting and eliminating or reducing the amount of low-volatile bituminous coal; There is a substantial reduction. The purpose is to combine dry granular molten bituminous coal with some type of dry granular non-fusible material in an effective proportion of 100 mesh according to the Tyler sieve standard (approximately Q diameter).
15m) by mixing smaller particles, mixing a certain proportion of water to moisten the particles, compressing the mixture of such materials at relatively high pressure into a solid form such as briquettes, and then It has been discovered that this can be achieved by carbonizing the solidified product and its strips by heating them in a slot coke oven. During the coking operation, the charge in the furnace becomes transiently plastic and contracts to form a strong metallurgical coke, which is easily removed from the furnace with a thruster.

The method for producing strong metallurgical coke in a slot coke oven according to the present invention comprises the following steps. That is,
melting bituminous coal or such coals having a size by weight that is predominantly less than about 0.15 mm in such a proportion that the mixture becomes transiently plastic when it is finally heated in a slot coke oven; The particles of the mixture are mixed together with particles of a non-melting material or a mixture of such materials that are compatible with the blast furnace charge, at least a substantial weight portion of which is sized less than about 0.15 mm. Further, water is added to this mixture. The ratio is determined by solidifying the water-added mixture at a pressure higher than about 500 kg/cm2, so that the ratio is at least 0% based on the weight of the added water.
．． The proportions are such that 1% by weight of water is squeezed out. The meltable blue flame particles, non-meltable material particles and water are mixed and the mixture is compressed into a solid product at a pressure greater than 500 kg/cm2. This product and its strips are heated in a slot coke oven as at least part of the furnace charge. There, the charge in the furnace becomes transiently plastic and shrinks, producing a strong metallurgical coke. Also included within the scope of the present invention are methods of making such compacted products and products thereof.

It has been discovered that implementation of the method of the invention results in various important advantages. Briquettes or other solid intermediate products (and their strips, if present) produced from a mixture of fixed weight proportions of molten bitumen particles, non-melt material particles and moisture are carbonized in a slot coke oven. It was discovered that it does not expand when heated. Conversely, if a large proportion by weight of the fusible particles present pass through a 100-mesh Tyler sieve and at least a substantial portion of the non-fusible particles present pass through a 100-mesh Tyler sieve, as described above; The products of the invention shrink. Here, ``a large portion'' means 50% or more;
"substantial" is at least 25 inches, preferably 35 inches or more.The percentage of fusible particles passing through a 100-mesh Tyler sieve increases from 52.4% to 100%;
An increase in the percentage of non-fusible particles passing through the Tyler sieve of 0.00 mesh from 43.5% to 100% increased the shrinkage and apparent density of the coke produced without significantly affecting the compactness of the coke. discovered that it increases. Briquettes produced by compaction with excess moisture present in the material were found to be stronger than those with a lower moisture content.Furthermore, briquettes produced by compaction with excess moisture present in the material were found to be stronger than those with a lower moisture content. It has been observed that this aids in removing the solidified material from the mold or well, and also keeps the pressing surface clean and reduces wear on that surface.Furthermore, the following has been observed regarding the present invention: A high degree of shrinkage is related to a high apparent density of the final product briquettes and is not related to drop stability or strength.

The strength of coke is determined by the temperature of the coke oven charge at approximately 35
It depends primarily on the characteristics of the transient melting that occurs when increasing from 0C to about 475C. Increasing the weight ratio of meltable particles to non-meltable particles up to a certain limit improves coke stability. Although increasing the time that the charge remains in the transient melting temperature range also reduces coke shrinkage and density, longer melting times for higher coke will result in less melting for non-melting particles. The proportion of particles can be reduced. The coke of the present invention, with its easy stability and relatively low density, is characterized by a limited number of cavities, which are larger than the large number of pores of conventional cokes. Increasing the compaction pressure reduces the breakage of wet solids during processing and increases the density, but decreases the degree of shrinkage. The high stability of the produced coke is therefore almost the same as that of coke obtained from feedstocks that are consolidated at lower pressures and shrink very strongly.

Good coke stability was obtained when carbonization was completed at a final temperature of about 600C. The coke produced was rich in water purple color. Production of the coke of the invention on a commercial scale saves significant amounts of energy and increases the production capacity of slot coke ovens. In addition, when the solid material or briquettes are shredded into small pieces and strips of various sizes and the mixture is charged into a carbonization device, different bulk weights can be obtained. It was possible to obtain coke with similar density and stability, since the feed with K. It has been found that shapes or mixtures of briquettes and pieces and strips can be used alone or mixed with conventional unconsolidated coal mixtures as a slot coke oven charge.The present invention Another advantage is that the undried solid form and its strips can be
The aim is to dry the coke before charging it into the coke oven, thereby increasing the production capacity of the oven used.

The following examples illustrate the invention. In the examples and the specification, parts are by weight and temperatures are in degrees Celsius, unless indicated otherwise. Particle sizes in the examples and specification are according to the Tyler sieve criterion.

Determination that the proportion of the subject material passing through a Tyler sieve with an ioo mesh having a mesh of 0.144 m (approximately 0.15 wm) is important when selecting the material to be consolidated and coked according to the present invention. is based on experimental results. The range of size distribution of particles larger and smaller than 0.15 m depends on the characteristics of the grinding equipment, its method of operation and the grindability of the various materials. Such factors vary widely. Therefore, the weight percentages of each size range shown in the examples of the specification are not necessary.
In fact, it has been found that percentage changes have no effect within the scope of the invention. Particles smaller than about 0.15 m were not classified 5 for their size. For example, changes in the percentage of ultrafine particles have been found to have a significant adverse effect as long as the process is within the scope of the present invention.1. Because it was c. All examples are illustrative of what has been carried out and actually carried out by the inventor in one laboratory.

Example 1 0.8 parts by weight of dry highly volatile crystal blue flame fusible particles and 1 part by weight of non-fusible sub-blue flame dry particles are mixed well, and then the mixture is .22 parts of water were added and they were mixed and pressure was applied to the particles with a stirrer so that the water was evenly distributed in the mixture. The analysis results of the meltable particles used were 39.2% volatile content, 51.2% fixed carbon, 61% ash, and 0.9% sulfur, and the analysis results of the non-meltable particles were 35% volatile content and 51.2% fixed carbon. 55%, 5% ash and 1.3% sulfur. The size of the meltable particles is 13.0% by weight for particles that pass through a 1-mesh sieve but not a 35-mesh sieve, and 27% by weight for particles that pass through a 35-mesh sieve but do not pass through a 65-mesh sieve. ．．
1%, 7.5% passed through a 65-mesh sieve but not a 100-mesh sieve, and 52.4% passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The size of the non-melting particles is 424% by weight of particles that pass through a 35-mesh sieve but not a 65-mesh sieve, 14.1% by weight of particles that pass through a 65-mesh sieve but not a 100-mesh sieve, and 14.1% by weight of particles that pass through a 65-mesh sieve but not a 100-mesh sieve. There were 435 pieces that passed through the sieve. It has been found that the pressure agitation during the crushing operation wets the particles quickly and uniformly and also sticks to the dense pieces, and this high density facilitates the subsequent compaction operation. .

The wet mixture is compressed to 1,100 k17' in a compressor.
It is compacted into cylindrical briquettes at a pressure of cm2, and at the end of briquetting, 0.01 part of water is squeezed out of the briquettes to moisten the mold walls. As a result, the cylindrical briquettes could be easily taken out from the mold. Also, mold wear was reduced.

Undried cylindrical smoked coal, which is a coke oven material, is placed on a horizontal surface at intervals and heated in a reducing atmosphere.
"It passed through the melting or plastic range of ~475C in 53 minutes and was heated to about 950C.The carbonized cylindrical object was
It was cooled and tested in a protective atmosphere. The degree of shrinkage is
That is, the difference in volume between the undried cylinder and the coked cylinder, expressed as a percentage of the volume of the undried cylinder, was measured and calculated. The apparent density (da) of the coked cylinders was measured and the so-called drop stability of the cylinders was determined by laboratory methods. This method is suitable for use with small quantities of material and involves dropping a cylinder from a height of 80 cm into a steel pipe at 40 times per minute for 30 minutes. In such a test, the cylinder retains its original shape only by grinding its ends. The weight of the cylinder after the test expressed as a percentage of the original weight is called drop stability. In practice, the stability of conventional coke is determined by the ASTM drum test, which requires a large amount of coke. The test results are expressed in weight Ml % of the remaining coke pieces. A representative sample of conventional coke with an ASTM value of 58 was tested for drop stability in the laboratory and a value of 64 was obtained. This means that the drop stability values reported here are about 6 higher than the corresponding ASTM stability values.

The data determined in Example 1 were as follows.

Shrinkage degree is 5 inches, coke da = 0.827 and coke drop stability = 93.3, these data are shown in Table 1.

Example 2 In this example, the same method as in Example 1 was followed, with variables kept constant except for the size of the fusible particles. The size of the particles is 31.1% by weight of particles that pass through a 35-mesh sieve but not a 65-mesh sieve, 8.6% by weight of particles that pass through a 65-mesh sieve but not a 100-mesh sieve, and 8.6% by weight of particles that pass through a 65-mesh sieve but not a 100-mesh sieve. 60.3% of the material passed through the sieve. The data obtained are shown in Table 1.

Example 3 In this example, the methods and variables were the same as Examples 1 and 2 except for the size of the fusible particles. Regarding the particle size, 12.5% of the particles passed through a 65-mesh sieve but did not pass through a 100-mesh sieve, and 87.5% passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The data obtained are shown in Table 1.

Example 4 In this example, the methods and variables were the same as Examples 1-3, except that all of the fusible particles were passed through a 100 mesh sieve.

The data obtained are shown in Table 1.

1st Table 1 52.4 5 0.827 93.32 60.3
12.50.883 92.73 87.5 20.
70.924 91.34 100 26.01.09
88.5 From Table 1, it is clear that as the number of meltable particles passing through a 100 mesh sieve increases, the degree of shrinkage during carbonization and the apparent density of the coke produced increases. For obvious reasons, the example of the example shows a high value.

Examples 5 to 7 In these Examples, substantially the same experiments as in Examples 1 to 4 above were conducted, except that the same size-distribution devitalized crystalline particles were used in all of the Examples. The size of the particles is as follows: those that pass through a 35-mesh sieve and remain on a 65-mesh sieve are 4 parts, and those that pass through a 65-mesh sieve are 1 part.
13.6% remained on the 00 mesh sieve, and 82.4% passed through the 100 mesh sieve.
It is. The amount of non-melting particles passing through a 100-mesh sieve was varied from 43.5% to 75.5% to 100%. The heating time to raise the temperature from 350C to 475C was 74 minutes. In Example 5,
The amount of non-melting particles that passed through a 35-mesh sieve and remained on a 65-mesh sieve was 42.4%, and the amount that passed through a 65-mesh sieve and remained on a 100-mesh sieve was 14.1%.

In Example 6, the amount of material that passed through a 65-mesh sieve and remained on a 100-mesh sieve was 24.5 yen. The following table shows the beak degree, apparent density, and drop stability when the particle size of the non-melting particles was changed.

2nd Table 5 43.5 12.70.907 94.66 75
．． 5 21.4103 95.27 100.0 22
．． 01.0.4 94.7 Table 2 shows that as the proportion of non-fusible particles passing through the N[Lloo sieve increases from about 40% to about 75%, shrinkage and density are significantly affected; It shows that there is no change when increasing to 100chi. Although the shrinkage of the briquettes of Example 5 is much smaller than that of the briquettes of Examples 6 and 7, and the apparent density is correspondingly lower, the drop stability is lower than that of the briquettes of Examples 6 and 7. It's not that small. This is because for the coarse grains of Example 5, the voids between the sieves are large, which reduces the density, but the voids are surrounded by relatively thick walls, which makes the briquettes strong and fall. Due to the fact that it improves stability. Conversely, in normal coke there are many pores separated by thin walls, many of which are open. Therefore, the stability is low, and carbon dioxide can easily diffuse into the ordinary coke and dissolve the carbon in the blast furnace. That is, normal coke has a relatively high reactivity, and the above-mentioned structure of the coke produced by the method of the present invention prevents carbon dioxide from diffusing into the coke, making the coke low reactivity. .

Examples 8-11 The experiments of Examples 1-4 were repeated with certain modifications.

The fusible and non-fusible particulate materials used were of the same composition but differed in particle size distribution. The fusible particles had the following sizes: What passed through a 35-mesh sieve and remained on a 65-mesh sieve was 2.2%, what passed through a 65-mesh sieve and remained on a 100-mesh sieve was 7.1%, and what passed through a 100-mesh sieve was 90%. .7%. The particle size distribution of the non-melting particles was as follows.

1.9% of what passed through a 35-mesh sieve and remained on a 65-mesh sieve;
4.6% of the VC remained on the 00 mesh sieve and 93.5% passed through the 100 mesh sieve. The melting time during the carbonization stage was 45 minutes.

The variable in Examples 8-11 was the ratio of meltable particles to non-meltable particles, which ratios were 0.5, 0.6, 0.7 and 0,8 in Examples 8-11, respectively. Ta.

The following table shows the degree of shrinkage, apparent density, and falling stability of coke.
and plasticity coefficient. Shrinkage alone does not result in very high drop stability; in order to obtain high drop stability, shrinkage must be accompanied by transient plasticity. Such plasticity is evidenced by the distortion of the circular cross-section of the wet cylinder into an oval shape after carbonization in the horizontal position.The difference between the long horizontal diameter and the short vertical diameter is considered to indicate the degree of plasticity. This difference expressed as a percentage of the diameter in the horizontal direction is called the plasticity coefficient.

Table 3 8 0.5 331.18880.9 9 0.6 351.24930.5 10 0.7 341.20926.811 0.8
301.1 9610.2 The above table shows that the highest coke density and the greatest degree of shrinkage are obtained when the weight ratio of meltable:non-meltable particles is about 0.6. When this ratio is 0.8, low shrinkage and low density are obtained, but high stability and plasticity are obtained. As mentioned earlier in the discussion of the results presented in Table 2, this difference in appearance is explained by the structure of the briquettes, which in this case are surrounded by relatively thick walls and contain a few large cavities; The voids reduce density and the thick walls contribute to high stability.

Examples 12-14 This series of examples is the same as Examples 8-11 except that a melt time of 94 minutes and a ratio of meltable particles to non-meltable particles of 0.4'' to 0.6 were used. I did it the same way.

The results of this experiment are shown in the table below.

Table 4 Example Team Melting: Non-melting Shrinkage degree Coke da Coke Plastic molten particle ratio 1%) C9/cc) Stability coefficient 12 0.4 13 0.86 95 4.413
0.5 13 0.85 96 4.414 0.6
3 0.74 95 4.6 The above table shows that a long melting time reduces the degree of shrinkage and lowers the apparent density of coke, but does not affect the drop stability and plasticity modulus. Furthermore, as the ratio of meltable particles to non-meltable particles increased, the degree of shrinkage and apparent density decreased.

Examples 15-20 The experiments in these examples were carried out using a molten blue flame of approximately the same composition as the highly volatile blue flame used in Examples 1-4.
The experiments were carried out using a type of highly volatile blue flame in which all particles passed through a 100 mesh sieve. The non-melting particles had the same composition as in Examples 1 to 4, and all of the particles passed through 100 meshes. The two types of particles were mixed at meltable particle:non-meltable particle weight ratios of 0.3, 0.45 and 0.6, respectively. The mixture is
Examples 1-411 were moistened with excess water as described, and each wet mixture was charred as in the previous example, but at pressures of 1.100 and 1,000, respectively.
It was 5+/cvL at 850. The use of higher consolidation pressure squeezed more water out of the wet cylinder, resulting in a greater density than a sawdust using less pressure. The wet cylinders produced were also strong and were not damaged by five drops from a height of 30 cm, whereas the cylinders solidified at low pressure were damaged by three drops.

Since the strength of the undried briquettes influences the degree of destruction when processing the briquettes, it is an advantage of the method of the present invention that the degree of such destruction can be controlled by adjusting the solidification pressure.

However, high pressures, e.g. 2,000-5,
The use of OOOk11/cm2 further improves the strength of the green solids, but when changes in assimilation pressure are made within the scope of this example, it changes the stability of the coke produced and reduces the I found out. In addition to changing the ratio of meltable particles and solidification pressure, Example 1
Another change made from 5 to 20 was the time heated through the melting range, i.e. 130 minutes. Although it can be used for longer periods of time, the practical limit seems to be about 5 hours. During such heating, a slight axial pressure is applied on the wet cylinder, causing it to deform and become plastic. The following table shows the results of the experiment.

Table 5 Examples Melting: Non-melting Solidification pressure Undried smoky shrinkage
Coke da=+-Kyuu particle ratio (kicm") Density (+'4) (%) (9%c) Stable 915 0.
3 1100 1.237 22.7 1.0 96.
516 0.3 1850 1.289 20.7 1
．． 3 96.817 0.45 1100 1.221
22.4 0.9897.118 0.45 185
0 1.282 21.0 1.0 97.119 0
．． 6 1100 1.215 18.0 0.9296
．． 120 0.6 1850 1.274 17.0
0.9795.2 The above table shows that the dense undried cylinder obtained by solidifying with cavity pressure has little shrinkage during carbonization, but the apparent density and stability of the produced coke are low and the pressure is low. This shows that it is almost the same as hardened cylindrical smoky charcoal.

Table 5 also shows a very unusual feature of the process of the present invention that high coke stability and density can sometimes be obtained if the melting time is long due to the slow heating rate. ing. On the other hand, if it is desired to produce coke with low density and high stability, a high proportion of meltable particles is used, as shown in Tables 5, 3 and 4.

Coke is made from a mixture of solidified shapes, strips and small pieces.
They can also be produced from mixtures of these and conventional unconsolidated coke oven feeds. A feature of the invention is that the undried product or briquette mixture produced by the method of the invention has a relatively low bulk weight when charged into the slots of a coke oven, even though the pieces and pieces thereof are also present. It was discovered that due to the shrinkage during the carbonization process and due to the structure of the coke produced, a highly stable coke can be obtained. The following examples demonstrate such methods and results.

The table above shows that the charge of Example 21, which has a bulk weight of 0.569/cc, shrunk more than the charge of Example n, which has a higher bulk weight of 0.7497 cc, and both examples are similar. This shows that the result is the production of coke with a high degree of stability.

It is advantageous for the charge in the furnace chamber to have a high bulk weight in order to obtain a high production capacity of the slot coke oven. These experiments show that by using the preferred size of the furnace feed, a satisfactory high drop stability can be obtained at such high bulk weights.

The above examples also show that a maximum temperature of about 900 C is a satisfactory condition for the production of particularly strong coke. In other experiments, strong hydrogen-rich coke was produced even at final temperatures as low as about 6000°C.

This hydrogen is released as the coke descends in the blast furnace. It is noteworthy that using a lower final carbonization temperature increases the production capacity of the slot coke oven and reduces the energy required for coking.

Other methods of increasing the production capacity of slot coke ovens include drying the wet briquettes or compacted shapes and strips thereof before charging them to the coke oven. It has also been found that such pre-drying of the feed to the furnace does not form any flaws when done while the feed is allowed to stand for a period of time as in the previous embodiment.

In the embodiments described above, other fusible bed growths than those exemplified may be used, such as those of intermediate and low volatility. Similarly, other non-melting materials compatible with blast furnaces and cupolas, such as coke breeze, anthracite, charcoal, lignite, limestone and iron oxide-containing materials, such as iron ore and waste from integrated iron and steel mills, are also in accordance with the invention. It is used to make a never-dried solidified product by the method of 1, and a highly stable coke is obtained by carbonization.

Of course, in selecting the carbonaceous material, the ash and sulfur content must be suitable for use in the blast furnace.

The compaction of the wet mixture of meltable and non-meltable particles by the method of the invention on a production scale can be achieved by forming double rolls of depressions forming pillow-shaped briquettes or smooth double rolls forming continuous strips; The continuous strip is then divided into strips, which are then used to carry out the process.

When such briquettes or strips are fed to a slot coke oven, the strips and pieces are preferably mixed with larger chunks to obtain a high bulk density. Processing the briquettes and dividing the compacted continuous pieces will inevitably result in strips and pieces.

It is understood that rough handling and over-splitting will increase the proportion of small pieces and pieces.

And if you so desire, you can deliberately perform rough processing and excessive partitioning. Alternatively, some of the unconsolidated feed of a conventional coal mixture can be mixed with the feed to a slot coke oven made in accordance with the present invention.

Having described various advantages of the present invention, the most important of these is that the stability of normal good quality coke is approximately 58 (
Since the coke of the present invention has a particularly high stability of more than 80 (according to the ASTM standard), whereas the coke of the present invention has a stability of more than 80 (according to the same standard), a new metallurgical coke is produced which is particularly useful in blast furnaces. The particularly high stability of this new coke is due to the fact that during carbonization the coke oven charge shrinks and has a relatively small number of cavities completely surrounded by dense and relatively thick walls. This is thought to be due to the formation of coke lumps. This structure also gives the coke a desirable low reactivity. In contrast, conventional coal mixtures commonly used in the production of metallurgical coke expand during carbonization and have numerous pores, many of which are open and separated by relatively thin walls. produce coke. Of course, in normal coke production, the charge expands, which increases the pressure required to remove the coke from the slot coke oven and shortens the useful life of the coke oven walls. On the other hand, in the present invention, the charge shrinks during carbonization, the thruster pressure decreases, and the life of the furnace wall becomes longer.

In the method of the invention, high volatility bituminous coal can be used which is cheaper than low volatility bituminous coal. In other methods, to prevent excessive expansion during the coking process,
Low volatility bituminous coal is often required for coking operations. Furthermore, because highly volatile coal is readily available, the process of the present invention is less susceptible to price increases due to shortages of necessary raw materials, and is less likely to be shut down due to lack of raw materials. Low-coking and non-coking coals, such as pre-bituminous coal, lignite, charcoal, anthracite and coke breeze, and materials containing iron oxides for steam cans are relatively inexpensive.

The method of the present invention does not require or use asphalt or other binders. Instead, it has been found that the moisture is beneficial in sufficiently binding the particles of the coke oven charge, thus producing coke of good strength in the coking operation. However, the majority of the fusible particles and a substantial portion of the non-fusible particles are at least about 0.15 mm.
Otherwise, the moisture will not bind the feed particles together sufficiently and therefore will not be able to produce coke with the desired strength and stability. The fusible and non-fusible particles that are initially dried usually have a moisture content of less than about 1%, with no moisture on the particle surface (such moisture can cause uneven mixing and the formation of agglomerates). ) and is preferably premixed before adding the water, but it is also within the scope of the present invention to mix the particles and water in a suitable device or by any other method that results in a uniform distribution of the particles and water. within range.

Another advantage of the present invention is that the stability of the coke produced is at typical coke final temperatures of about i,oo.

It is already high before reaching C. In other words, the coke can be removed from the coke oven when it has risen to a temperature as low as 600C. At that withdrawal temperature, the hydrogen content of the coke still has the desired height. Of course, by stopping the coking process at a significantly lower temperature than is normally used,
Significant energy savings, increased slot coke oven production capacity, and less oven damage. When making solids, the use of smooth double rolls requires less power and causes less damage to the solidification means compared to dimpled double rolls for forming charcoal. Regarding the end-use properties of the produced coke, the performance of the blast furnace is significantly improved due to the high stability and low reactivity of the coke. This was actually carried out in a laboratory. The conditions of the experiment were slots and
It is believed to have direct application to coke oven operation, and therefore experimentation and this disclosure support the claims for that operation. It is believed that the results obtained with the feeds of furnaces of the type described above are applicable to feeds containing conventional coking mixtures, although the same degree of favorable results would not usually be obtained. In such mixtures, it is preferred that the fusible bituminous coal and the non-fusible materials used in the examples constitute the majority of the charge, but the desired results can also be obtained when their proportions are less than said. I can do it.

Instead of using individual fusible bituminous coals, mixtures thereof can likewise be used; likewise various non-fusible materials can be used alone or in admixture with fusible materials5. The present invention provides an economical method of producing superior pear products using readily available and relatively inexpensive raw materials, while at the same time requiring less production costs and energy requirements.

The present invention therefore represents a significant advance in the art.

The invention has been described with respect to the description, embodiments and examples of light #1j4-. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Given the examples, those skilled in the art will be able to use modifications and equivalents without departing from the invention.

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) Particles of molten bituminous coal or mixtures of such coals having a size in which a substantial majority by weight is less than about 0.15n+ and particles having a substantial majority by weight at least about 0.15n+
5. Mixing particles of non-melting materials or mixtures of such materials that are compatible with the blast furnace charge having a smaller size in such a proportion that they become transiently plastic when finally heated in a coke oven. and add water to this mixture,
The addition rate of this water is approximately 500 kV/c of the mixture with water.
When solidified at a pressure higher than WL2, at least 0.1 weight of water is squeezed out based on the weight of added water, and water is mixed with meltable bituminous coal particles and non-meltable material particles. , this mixture is compressed at a pressure greater than 500 ky/cm2 into a solidified product, and this product, and the strips of this product, if present, are at least as part of the charge of a slot coke oven, A method for producing metallurgical coke comprising producing a slot coke oven charge in which the charge in the furnace transiently becomes plastic and contracts during heating and becomes a strong metallurgical coke. . (2) The non-melting material is selected from the group consisting of non-coking coal, poor coking coal, coke breeze, charcoal, anthracite, lignite, iron oxide-containing materials, or is a mixture thereof, and is free of moisture, melting debris, characterized in that when the mixture of green coal particles and non-fusible material particles is crushed and subsequently solidified, the water squeezed out from the mixture body smoothes the surface of the solidification means and the solidified product is removed from said solidification means. The method according to claim 1. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein before heating the solidified product in a slot coke oven, the product and its shreds, if any, are dried. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said compacted product and its shreds, if present, are carbonized in a slot coke oven at a final temperature in the range of about 600 to about 1,000 t:'. (5) The hardening pressure is 750 to 5,000 kg.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: /c, ~2. (6) the weight ratio of molten blue flame particles to non-molten material particles is in the range 0.3 to 0.8, and the solidified product and fine particles, if any, in the slot coke oven charge; 350 to 475 fragments in about 5 hours from addition.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is heated at a rate that passes through the transient plastic stage temperature of C. (7) Claims in which the mixture of fusible blue flame particles, non-fusible material particles and water is ground and subsequently compressed into briquettes of normal shape and size (with dimpled double rolls) The method described in paragraph 1. (8) A claim in which a mixture of fusible blue flame particles, non-fusible material particles, and water is ground and subsequently compressed with smooth double rolls to solidify into long strips, which are then shredded. The method described in paragraph 1. (9) Drying the compacted product and its shreds, if any, to a moisture content of no more than 3% before heating, followed by about 600 c to about i, oooot in a slot coke oven:
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization is performed at a final temperature in the range of . OQ The weight ratio of meltable blue flame particles to non-meltable material particles is in the range of 0.3 to 0.8, and the solidification pressure is 75
In the range of 0 to 5.000 ky/cm2, the resulting compacted product has improved strength compared to other products compacted at lower pressures, reducing concomitant crushing and quality loss. and said consolidated product and its shreds, if present, constitute the charge to the slot coke oven, and the charge undergoes a transient plastic stage temperature range of 350 to 475 C for about 30 minutes to about 5 hours. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the heating is carried out at a passing rate. avv Claims: A mixture of fusible blue flame particles, non-fusible material particles and water is crushed and subsequently compacted into compacted briquettes of conventional shape and size in a dimpled double kiln. The method according to item 10. Q2+ The weight ratio of meltable particles to non-meltable particles is
When the plastic dislocation time is long in the range of 30 minutes to 5 hours, it is a low part in the range of 0.3 to 0.8,
7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the plastic dislocation time is in the upper part of the range of 0.3 to 0.8° when the plastic dislocation time is short in the range of 30 minutes to 5 hours. αJ A non-fusible material compatible with the blast furnace charge having a size in which the majority weight proportion is less than Q, 15++ on and a size in which at least a substantial weight proportion is less than about 0.15 m the particles are mixed in proportions such that they become transiently plastic when heated in a slot coke oven;
Water is added to the mixture, and the proportion of water added is at least 0.1% by weight based on the weight of the added water when the mixture with water is solidified at a pressure higher than about 500 kl/cm2.
of water is squeezed out, the meltable blue flame and the non-meltable material particles are mixed with water, and this mixture is weighed at about 500 kg/
cm2 compaction which shrinks to form a solid metallurgical coke when carbonized in a slot coke oven, which consists of compressing it under pressure to give it a solid shape and squeezing out at least 0.1 g of added water. method of manufacturing the material. I At least about 50% by weight of dry fusible blue flame particles smaller than 0.15 m and at least about 50% by weight of dry fusible blue flame particles smaller than about 0.15 m.
mixing non-melting material particles compatible with blast furnace charges smaller than 15 mm in such proportions that they become transiently plastic when heated in a slot coke oven; adding water to this mixture; The proportion is about 750% of the mixture with water
kg/crn2. The water is mixed with the meltable gastritis particles and the non-meltable material particles so that at least 0.1% of the added water is squeezed out when solidified at a higher pressure, and the mixture is heated to about 750 kg/crn2. Coke for metallurgical use shrinks and becomes strong when carbonized in a slot coke oven, which consists of compressing it into a solid shape at a pressure lower than kfl/cm2 and squeezing out a small amount of added water (approximately 0.1%). A method of manufacturing solidified material.