JPS6020412Y2 - electromagnetic filter machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electromagnetic filter for trapping magnetic particles present in a fluid with a magnetized filling, and in particular to an electromagnetic filter with an improved matrix configuration.

In addition, in the present invention, "matrix J" means a filled layer formed by filling the above-mentioned filler.

In general, an electromagnetic filter is equipped with a matrix, and the suspended particles of ferromagnetic and weakly magnetic substances in the fluid are captured by the packing using magnetic force and decomposed and removed. To be captured and retained in this filling,
The magnetic force must be strong enough to overcome the main reaction force, the drag force due to fluid viscosity and the gravity of the particles.

The magnetic force acting on particles is generally Fm=H-X・■・dH/dX However, in the formula Fm...magnetic force H...Strength of magnetic field X...magnetic susceptibility of particles ■・・・Volume of particles dH/dx...Gradient of magnetic field It is indicated by.

As is clear from the above equation, the magnetic force acting on a certain particle can be increased by increasing the strength of the magnetic field and the gradient of the magnetic field.

However, since increasing the strength of the magnetic field requires a large amount of current and is not economical, an effective means is to increase the gradient of the magnetic field.

It is known that lines of magnetic force converge on the surface of a ferromagnetic material with a small radius of curvature, that is, a sharp portion, and a large magnetic field gradient is generated.

Conventionally, steel wool, etc., which has many sharp parts and can obtain a high gradient, has been often used as the filling material for forming the matrix of electromagnetic filters, but it has the disadvantage that it is easily crushed, and the crushed pieces sometimes disturb the processing fluid. There is a risk of leakage inside.

In addition, when the load of the filler increases due to trapped particles, it is necessary to remove it by washing to renew the matrix, and steel wool does not have a sufficient cleaning effect unless a special cleaning method is used. There are also drawbacks.

The present invention attempts to eliminate these conventional drawbacks, and aims to provide an electromagnetic filter that is mechanically strong, can generate a high gradient, and has low fluid resistance.

Another purpose of the present invention is that the filler for matrix formation is granular and can be easily taken out, which simplifies operation, maintenance, and management, helps save energy, and ensures stable filtration work. The objective is to create a highly safe electromagnetic filter.

The present invention provides an electromagnetic filter equipped with an electromagnetic coil and a matrix that is applied by the electromagnetic coil to form a magnetic field, in which the matrix has conical sharp points radially formed at a plurality of locations on the entire circumference, The granules having different outer diameters are filled so that the outer diameter of the granules gradually becomes smaller in the flow direction of the fluid to be treated, and the sharp parts of the granules in the matrix are This is an electromagnetic filter with non-uniform sharp angles.

That is, a matrix is formed by filling an electromagnetic filter with granular bodies 2 that are ferromagnetic and have sharp points radially at multiple locations on the entire circumferential surface. It has a star-shaped cross section with a plurality of sharp parts as shown in Figures 3 to 3 (its appearance is similar to that of corn syrup).

), diamond-shaped or pyramid-shaped ones are used.

Since a strong high gradient is generated in the sharp portion 2, even ultrafine particles and particles of paramagnetic material with low magnetic susceptibility can be captured.

Further, the outer diameter of the granular material 2 is selected from a diameter of about 100 mm to several 1 mm depending on the purpose and the size of the filter.

Note that it is desirable that the porosity of the entire matrix be around 10% in order to avoid increasing fluid resistance.

In the present invention, in a matrix, that is, a packed layer formed by filling a large number of granules, it is essential to make the sharp angles of the sharp parts of the granules non-uniform.

However, when focusing on one particular granular material, there are two cases: ■ When filling only those particles that have a large or small difference in the sharpness angle between multiple sharp parts; For one granular material, the sharpness angles of all the sharp parts are uniform, but in cases where multiple types of granular materials are filled which have different sizes when compared with the sharpness angles of other granular objects, There are cases where the granules that fall under (1) and the granules that fall under (2) above are used together.

To give a specific example, when filling only the granular material 2 having the shape shown in FIG. 3 (for acute angles θ1 and 02, θ1>θ2
) is the first case, in which the granular material 2 shown in FIG. 1 and the granular material 2 shown in FIG. 2 are mixed and filled (θb
〉θa) is the second case, and as shown in Fig. 4, the third case is to mix and fill all of the granules 2 shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 above. It is.

However, in both cases, it is common that granules with a large outer diameter are filled in the inlet side of the liquid to be treated, and granules with a medium outer diameter are filled in the outlet side.For example, in the first case, they are filled with each other. Particles with similar shapes (same shape) but different outer diameters are filled.

In addition, in the granular material 2 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the sharpness angles of the respective sharpened portions are uniform, and are θa and θb, respectively.

In this way, a matrix (packed layer of granular materials) is constructed.An example of an electromagnetic filter using this matrix will be explained with reference to FIG. Above and below the matrix, pole pieces 3 made of perforated plates or other water-permeable bodies through which fluid can pass are placed.

An electromagnetic coil 4 surrounds the outer periphery of the filter 1 in a portion where the matrix is formed, and the electromagnetic coil 4 is covered with a return frame 5.

This return frame 5 is for preventing the diffusion of magnetic lines of force generated from the coil and reducing leakage magnetic flux.

Therefore, when a direct current flows through the electromagnetic coil 4, a magnetic field is generated between the pole pieces 3, the direction of which is perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid to be treated, and which is uniformly distributed over the entire cross section of the matrix and directly The granular material 2 is magnetized.

Thus, the liquid to be treated enters the filter 1 from the inlet 6, and while passing through the matrix, that is, the gap between the granules, the magnetic particles present in the fluid are absorbed into the granules 2.
The treated fluid flows out of the filter 1 from the outflow lower.

To enumerate the effects of the electromagnetic filter of the present invention, (1) The matrix is formed by filling granules having cone-shaped sharp parts radially at multiple locations on the entire circumference that generate a large magnetic field gradient. As a result of the formation of many sharp points within the matrix, there is no leakage of the magnetic substance that should be filtered out, increasing the trapping effect, and since the sharp points are formed three-dimensionally, it is difficult to fill the matrix during filling. Since spots do not occur, the filtration performance of the matrix is highly uniform in the plane perpendicular to the flow direction of the liquid to be treated, and it is mechanically strong and will not be damaged even if abnormal differential pressure is applied. The cleaning operation is simple because the granules can be easily taken out of the filter, and the flow state of the liquid to be treated in the matrix is uneven, and since it is filled in a fixed state, it is not possible to excite it. Under such conditions, trapped particles attached to the matrix can be removed using only the shearing force generated by high-speed flow washing, which significantly improves not only filtration performance but also maintenance characteristics.

(2) In the above sense, since the sharp angle is non-uniform, magnetic forces of various sizes are generated in the granular material, and therefore it is possible to trap magnetic particles of various particle sizes.

The formation of voids of various sizes within the matrix (formed between particles) also contributes to the above effect.

In particular, since the radius of curvature is small at a sharp point (the sharpness angle is minute), it has the remarkable effect of being able to accurately capture even extremely fine particles and paramagnetic particles.

(3) Since the matrix is formed by filling the granules in such a way that the outer diameter of the granules decreases according to the flow direction of the liquid to be treated, from coarse magnetic particles to those with minute diameters are captured sequentially. This not only improves the trapping effect, but also greatly simplifies the maintenance and management of the electromagnetic filter.

In other words, if only particles with a relatively small diameter are filled to capture fine particles, or if particles of different diameters are filled randomly, fluid resistance tends to increase rapidly as magnetic particles are captured. In particular, particle accumulation occurs intensively only on the granules on the inflow side, and the resistance in this area increases significantly, which may force filtration to be stopped and washed without effectively using the entire matrix. However, the present invention eliminates such problems.

As mentioned above, the electromagnetic filter of the present invention has a matrix configured under the above-mentioned unique conditions, so it can be a high-performance electromagnetic filter with significantly improved magnetic particle capture effect and operation/maintenance characteristics. It is.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 1 to 3 are enlarged sectional views of a granular body, and FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of an electromagnetic filter in use. 1...filter, 2...granular material, 3...
・Pole piece, 4... Electromagnetic coil, 5...
...Return frame, 6...Inflow port, 7.
... Outlet.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] ■ In an electromagnetic filter equipped with an electromagnetic coil and a matrix that is applied by the electromagnetic filter to form a magnetic field, the matrix has cone-shaped sharp portions radiating at multiple locations on the entire circumference. granules having different outer diameters are filled so that the outer diameter of the filled granules gradually decreases in the flow direction of the fluid to be treated, and the granules in the matrix are An electromagnetic filtration machine with non-uniform sharp angles. 2. The electromagnetic filter according to claim 1, wherein the matrix is provided with perforated plates on the upper and lower sides.