JPS60202670A - Lithium battery - Google Patents

Lithium battery

Info

Publication number
JPS60202670A
JPS60202670A JP59058660A JP5866084A JPS60202670A JP S60202670 A JPS60202670 A JP S60202670A JP 59058660 A JP59058660 A JP 59058660A JP 5866084 A JP5866084 A JP 5866084A JP S60202670 A JPS60202670 A JP S60202670A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
lithium
active material
negative electrode
battery
positive electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP59058660A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Imakichi Hirasawa
今吉 平沢
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Resonac Corp
Original Assignee
Shin Kobe Electric Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shin Kobe Electric Machinery Co Ltd filed Critical Shin Kobe Electric Machinery Co Ltd
Priority to JP59058660A priority Critical patent/JPS60202670A/en
Publication of JPS60202670A publication Critical patent/JPS60202670A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/50—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature
    • H01M6/5072—Preserving or storing cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/50—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H01M50/169—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by welding, brazing or soldering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/50—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature
    • H01M6/5088—Initial activation; predischarge; Stabilisation of initial voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To minimize voltage drop in initial discharge stage by connecting a high resistant element between a positive electrode having active material of oxihalide and a negative electrode comprising lithium to always conduct very weak current between them. CONSTITUTION:A cylindrical lithium battery is formed with a positive electrode using oxihalide such as sulfur dioxide or thionyl chloride as active material and a negative electrode comprising lithium. A high resistant element 5 is connected between a can 2 which is a negative terminal and a positive terminal 6 and placed in a concavity of a battery cover 1, and buried with epoxy resin 7. By appropriately specifying the resistance value of the element 5, very weak current is always conducted between both terminals during storage. Thereby, generation of passive film on the surface of lithium during storage is prevented, and voltage drop in the initial discharge stage is minimized and high rate discharge performance is increased.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は二酸化イオウ、あるいは塩化チオニールなどオ
キシハライド系物質を正極活物質としリチウムを負極活
物質とせるリチウム電池の構造に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the structure of a lithium battery in which an oxyhalide-based material such as sulfur dioxide or thionyl chloride is used as a positive electrode active material and lithium is used as a negative electrode active material.

二酸化イオウ、あるいは塩化チオニールなどムを負極物
質とせるリチウム電池は高エネルギへ 一密度電池としであるいは排水溶媒を用いているリチウ
ム電池の中にあっては水溶液を用いている電池並みの高
出力が期待できる電池として注目されている。しかし、
この電池の正極活物質は液体あるいは液体に溶解させた
ガスであるため負極活物質であるリチウムとの接触が避
けられず、このため保存中に正負両極活物質の直接反応
による電気化学的不働態被膜がリチウム金属表面上に生
成、成長する。この不働態被膜は保存温度が高いほどま
た保存期間が長いほど厚くなり、保存後の放電時におい
ては初期にこの被膜の抵抗による大きな電池電圧の低下
が観察される。このような放電の初期電圧低下現象はこ
の電池が例えばコンピューターメモリーのバックアップ
電源などとして低率で長期間使用される場合には比較的
問題にならないが、短時間に大電流を取出したい用途に
対してはこの電池の持つ大きな欠点の一つであった。Lithium batteries with negative electrode materials such as sulfur dioxide or thionyl chloride can produce high energy as single-density batteries, and some lithium batteries that use wastewater solvents can produce as high output as batteries that use aqueous solutions. It is attracting attention as a promising battery. but,
Since the positive electrode active material of this battery is a liquid or a gas dissolved in a liquid, contact with lithium, which is the negative electrode active material, is unavoidable, and as a result, electrochemical passivity occurs during storage due to a direct reaction between the positive and negative electrode active materials. A film forms and grows on the lithium metal surface. This passive film becomes thicker the higher the storage temperature and the longer the storage period, and during discharge after storage, a large drop in battery voltage due to the resistance of this film is initially observed. This phenomenon of initial voltage drop during discharge is relatively not a problem when this battery is used at a low rate for a long period of time, such as as a backup power source for computer memory, but it is not a problem for applications that require a large current to be drawn in a short period of time. This was one of the major drawbacks of this battery.

本発明はこの電池を比較的高率で放電される用途に用い
るとき、放電初期の電圧低下を小さくすることを目的と
するもので、外部回路として高い電気抵抗を内蔵させる
ことによって微弱な電流を流し、保存中にリチウムの表
面が不働態被膜によって完全に覆われてしまうことを防
止した電池である。The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the voltage drop at the beginning of discharge when this battery is used in applications where it is discharged at a relatively high rate.The purpose of the present invention is to reduce the voltage drop at the beginning of discharge by incorporating a high electrical resistance as an external circuit. This battery prevents the lithium surface from being completely covered with a passive film during storage.

本発明の一実施例を説明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described.

図面はＤサイズ、Ｃサイズ、ＡＡサイズなど円筒形の電
池に本発明を実施したときの構造図である。通常、この
電池の蓋１は、レーザー溶接などによって缶２と一体化
される関係から、缶２のヘッドより数ミリメートル下が
った位置にある。３はそのレーザー溶接部分である。ま
た、正負極間すなわち正極端子６と缶２間の電気的な絶
縁はこの蓋１の部分で行なわれており、ガラスあるいは
セラミックハーメチックシール４によるため両極間の距
離も短い。また両極間を接続する外部回路として電気抵
抗素子５を内蔵させる場合、新たなスペースを設ける必
要はなく蓋１の上の、いわばデッドスペースが利用でき
る。素子５の電気抵抗の大きさは予測される保存期間と
その時に初期容量の何パーセントを確保しておくかによ
るが、内蔵した外部回路に流れる電流が０，１μ、Ａ／
ｃｍ　”未満であると放電初期の電圧低下は余り改善さ
れないことが知られている。選定された電気抵抗素子５
は正極端子６と蓋１との間に外部回路として接続された
後、エポキシ樹脂などのフィラー７によって埋め込まれ
内蔵される。The drawings are structural diagrams when the present invention is applied to cylindrical batteries such as D size, C size, and AA size. Normally, the battery lid 1 is located several millimeters lower than the head of the can 2 because it is integrated with the can 2 by laser welding or the like. 3 is the laser welded part. Further, electrical insulation between the positive and negative electrodes, that is, between the positive electrode terminal 6 and the can 2, is provided by the lid 1, and since the glass or ceramic hermetic seal 4 is used, the distance between the two electrodes is also short. Further, when the electric resistance element 5 is built in as an external circuit for connecting between the two electrodes, there is no need to provide a new space, and the so-called dead space above the lid 1 can be used. The magnitude of the electrical resistance of the element 5 depends on the expected storage period and what percentage of the initial capacity is secured at that time, but the current flowing through the built-in external circuit is 0.1μ, A/
It is known that the voltage drop at the initial stage of discharge is not significantly improved if the voltage is less than 5 cm.
is connected as an external circuit between the positive electrode terminal 6 and the lid 1, and then embedded and built in with a filler 7 such as epoxy resin.

本発明によって例えば容量１０Ａｈ、電極面積６０　ｃ
ｍ”の電池（Ｄサイズ）に３００にΩの電気抵抗素子５
を外部回路として内蔵させた場合、この外部回路に流れ
る電流は約１２μＡ（０，２μＡ／′Ｃｍ’）となり、
５年後の容量低下は約５９６である。したがって、予測
される保存期間が数年の場合には内蔵した外部回路に電
流を流すことによる容量低下率は無視してもさしつかえ
ないような範囲に入ってくる。このように数年の保存期
間ならば容量の低下はほとんどなく、５ｍＡ／Ｃｍ”（
らいの放電率ならば従来、一般に放電終止電圧として採
用している２、５■を切っていた放電初期の電圧を３．
　ＯＶ　＜らいに改善できる。According to the present invention, for example, a capacity of 10 Ah and an electrode area of 60 c
m” battery (D size) and 300Ω electric resistance element 5
If this is built in as an external circuit, the current flowing through this external circuit will be approximately 12μA (0.2μA/'Cm'),
The capacity reduction after 5 years is approximately 596. Therefore, if the expected storage period is several years, the capacity reduction rate due to flowing current through the built-in external circuit will be within a range that can be ignored. In this way, if the storage period is several years, there will be almost no decrease in capacity, 5mA/Cm" (
For the discharge rate of leprosy, the voltage at the initial stage of discharge, which was previously less than 2.5cm, which is generally adopted as the discharge end voltage, is 3.5cm.
OV < Leprosy can be improved.

なお図面において、８は極板群、９は正極板と正極端子
６を接続せる集電タブ、１０は負極板と負極端子である
缶２を接続せる集電タブである。In the drawing, 8 is a group of electrode plates, 9 is a current collector tab that connects the positive electrode plate and the positive electrode terminal 6, and 10 is a current collector tab that connects the negative electrode plate and the can 2, which is the negative electrode terminal.

以上のように、本発明のリチウム電池は保存期間がかな
り高い確率で予測でき、かつ比較的高率放電で使用され
ることが明らかな場合には極めて有効で、放電初期の電
圧低下も小さく短時間で大電流を取出すことができる等
工業的価値大である。As described above, the lithium battery of the present invention has a shelf life that can be predicted with a high degree of probability, and is extremely effective when it is clear that it will be used at a relatively high rate of discharge, and the voltage drop at the beginning of discharge is small and short. It has great industrial value as it can extract a large amount of current in a short amount of time.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図面は本発明の一実施例を示すリチウム電池の要部断面
部。 １は蓋、２は缶、５は電気抵抗素子、６は正極端子、８
は極板群、９．１０は集電タブ。 特許出願人The drawing is a sectional view of a main part of a lithium battery showing an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is the lid, 2 is the can, 5 is the electric resistance element, 6 is the positive terminal, 8
is the electrode plate group, and 9.10 is the current collector tab. patent applicant

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 二酸化イオウ、あるいは塩化チオニールなどオキシハラ
イド系物質を正極活物質とせる正極とリチウムを負極活
物質とせる負極との間に電池の保存期間中、常時微弱な
電流を流しておく程度に高い電気抵抗の素子を接続する
ことを特徴とするリチウム電池。Electrical resistance is high enough to keep a weak current constantly flowing between the positive electrode, which uses oxyhalide-based materials such as sulfur dioxide or thionyl chloride as the positive electrode active material, and the negative electrode, which uses lithium as the negative electrode active material, during the storage period of the battery. A lithium battery characterized by connecting elements.
JP59058660A 1984-03-27 1984-03-27 Lithium battery Pending JPS60202670A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59058660A JPS60202670A (en) 1984-03-27 1984-03-27 Lithium battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59058660A JPS60202670A (en) 1984-03-27 1984-03-27 Lithium battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60202670A true JPS60202670A (en) 1985-10-14

Family

ID=13090743

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP59058660A Pending JPS60202670A (en) 1984-03-27 1984-03-27 Lithium battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS60202670A (en)

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