JPS60202268A - Solar heat collector - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To operate a heat pump device at higher evaporation temperature by naturally circulating air within a solar heat collector in fine days and at normal evaporation temperature by taking the outside air in the collector in cloudy days by a structure wherein the evaporator of the heat pump device and a fan are arranged in the air type solar heat collector. CONSTITUTION:The evaporator 11 of a heat pump device is arranged at the inclined upper portion in the outer box 1 of an air type solar heat collector. A sucking-in port 16 and a blow-off port 14, both of which communicate to the outside air, are provided on the outer box 1. At the same time, a partition plate 8, which divides the interior of the outer box 1 into a right and a left rooms, and a fan 15 to suck-in the outside air through the suction port 16 into the outer box 1 are provided in the outer box 1. Consequently, the energy-saving operation of the heat pump device is realized at higher evaporation temperature by using only solar heat, which is obtained by naturally circulating the air within the outer box 1, as heat source in fine days. On the other hand, normal operation is realized by using nearly only the outside air, which is introduced in the outer box 1, as heat source in cloudy days. In other words, because the solar heat collector is so constituted that the outside air is not always introduced in the collector, the air temperature in the evaporator 11 and the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator 11 can be surely raised when the insolation is enough, resulting in enabling to improve the coefficient of performance of said the collector.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Technical Field of the Invention> The present invention relates to a solar heat collector used as an evaporator in a solar heat pump device that operates a water heater, space heater, etc. using solar heat and outside air heat as heat sources. be.

<Prior art> Conventionally, there have been various types of this type of solar heat bomb device, including a direct expansion type in which the heat collecting plate of the solar collector is used directly as the evaporator of the heat bomb device, and a direct expansion type in which the heat collecting plate of the solar collector is directly used as the evaporator of the heat bomb device, and There are systems that collect heat through a circuit and then use this heat as a heat source for a heat pump device as needed, or systems that use an air-type solar collector to generate hot air and use this as a heat source. An example of a type using the above-mentioned pneumatic solar collector is:
There is a device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 57-49680.

This one is equipped with an air-type solar collector and a heat pump evaporator and blower. In this conventional system 11t, when the blower is operated regardless of the weather, outside air is introduced into the solar collector, passes through the evaporator, and then is discharged to the outside of the collector. When the weather is clear, the outside air heats up due to solar heat. This increases the evaporation temperature in the evaporator, improves the coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump device, and results in energy-saving operation. During cloudy weather, normal operation is performed by pumping heat only from the outside air.

However, in such conventional devices, as the outside air is always introduced into the solar collector as described above, the inlet air temperature of the solar collector is always the outside temperature, and if the collector outlet air temperature is higher than the outside temperature, the temperature will increase. Even when there is sufficient sunlight, the air temperature in the evaporator K and the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator cannot be significantly increased, resulting in a disadvantage that the coefficient of performance cannot be raised any further.

On the other hand, as a literature regarding solar heat pump equipment, Refrigeration published by Japan Refrigeration Association (VOL.58N0.671
No.). There is a "solar heat pump" on pages 84 to 89 of this document, and in (h) of Fig. 3, the air collector and evaporator are connected with a circulation duct, and air is circulated between the two on sunny days. On cloudy days, a device is introduced that opens a damper leading to the outside air and allows the outside air to flow in series to an air collector and an evaporator.

However, in such a device, the air collector and evaporator are installed separately and connected by a duct as described above, and the circulation mode and outside air intake mode are selected by switching the damper, so the installation cost is reduced. However, the reliability of the damper was low.

<Summary of the Invention> This invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional ones as described above. By arranging the evaporator and blower of the K heat pump device in the air-type solar heat collector, To provide a solar heat collector for a solar heat pump device that allows air to circulate naturally within the collector to operate the heat pump device at a high evaporation temperature, and on cloudy days, allows outside air to be taken into the collector to operate at a normal evaporation temperature. The purpose is

<Embodiment of the Invention> Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 and 2. In these figures, 1 is a rectangular outer box, 2 is a transparent cover such as a glass plate as a transparent body that closes the upper opening of the outer box 1, and 3 is a rectangular outer box, and 3 is a rectangular outer box. A packing plate 4 is a presser metal fitting that presses the packing 3 from above and fixes the transparent cover 2 to the outer box 1, 5 is a heat insulating material stretched on the inner bottom surface and inner surface of the outer box 1, and 6 is a heat insulating material on the inner bottom surface side. A heat receiving plate placed on the upper surface of the heat insulating plate 5, 7 an absorption film such as black paint applied to the upper surface of the heat receiving plate 6, and 8 a lower part from the inclined upper space (approximately 20% of the total) of the outer box 1. A partition plate 11 serves as a partition wall that partitions the side space into two chambers, a right chamber 9 and a left chamber 10, in the width direction. Reference numeral 11 denotes a heat pump device (overall) installed at the upper end of this partition plate 8 extending in the width direction K. The width of the evaporator is the same as the width of the outer box 1, and the height is the same as the distance between the transparent plate 2 and the heat receiving plate 6. 12 is a fin made of a large number of aluminum plates constituting this evaporator 11; 13 is an evaporation tube made of a plurality of steel pipes, etc. which are expanded and joined to this fin 12; 14 is a right side of the lower bottom surface of the outer box 1; An air outlet opened to the chamber 9 side,
5 is a propeller-shaped blower disposed at this outlet 14;
Reference numeral 16 denotes an outside air inlet opening at the bottom of the lower part of the left ventricle 10, similar to the air outlet 14;
There are several mounting feet. In addition, in this solar heat collector, the outlet 14 and the inlet 16 are placed downward, and the evaporator 11 side is placed upward.
Install it at an angle so that the blower 15 side is on the bottom.

In the solar heat collector configured as described above, when there is sufficient solar radiation on a clear day, the blower 15 is stopped and heat collection operation is performed. That is, sunlight passes through the transparent cover 2, is absorbed by the absorption film I of the heat receiving plate 6, and heats the air above it. The warmed and lighter air in the right chamber 9 and left chamber 10 rises to the evaporator 11. A refrigerant is circulated through the evaporator 11, which absorbs heat from the air and evaporates it. It is preferable that the evaporation temperature at this time is set to about or slightly higher than the outside temperature. The air cooled by the evaporator 11 is heavy and descends into the right ventricle 9 and the left ventricle 1ro. In this way, the air inside the solar collector undergoes natural circulation as long as there is sunlight. When the amount of solar radiation is low, such as on a cloudy day, the blower 15 is operated to perform heat collection operation. Blower 1
From 5k, outside air is introduced into the left ventricle 10 from the suction port 16, passes through the left half of the evaporator 11, changes direction by 360 degrees on the back side, then passes through the right half and descends into the right ventricle 9. It is discharged from the air outlet 14 to the outside of the solar collector.

At this time, the energy absorbed by the evaporator 11 is
Although there is a small amount of solar heat that enters the atmosphere, most of it is from the outside air. Therefore, the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 11 is set 5 to 10 degrees Celsius lower than the outside temperature.

According to the solar heat collector K having the above configuration, by simply controlling whether or not to operate the blower 15, air is naturally circulated within the outer box 1 on sunny days, and the energy-saving K heat pump device is operated at a high evaporation temperature using only solar heat as a heat source. On cloudy days, outside air is introduced into the outer box 1, and normal operation can be performed using almost the outside air as the heat source.

That is, unlike conventional devices, outside air is not always introduced into the solar collector, so when there is sufficient sunlight, the air temperature in the evaporator 11 and the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator 11 must be adjusted. It is possible to improve the coefficient of performance. In addition, since the configuration allows selection of the air circulation mode and the outside air intake mode in sunny weather by simply controlling whether or not to operate the blower, the two modes can be selected by switching the damper, unlike conventional devices. Compared to other configurations, the structure is simple, installation costs can be kept low, no damper is required, and reliability can be improved.

In the above embodiment, since the suction port 16 and the blowout port 14 are both provided on the same plane at the bottom of the back surface of the K1 outer box 1, when the blower 15 is stopped on a sunny day, the right ventricle is lowered from the outside air K of the K1. 9
- Warm air inside the left ventricle 10 rarely flows out. Further, the opening positions of the suction port 16 and the air outlet 14 may be provided on the lower side surface of the outer box 1 or at the lower side of both sides of the outer case 1, and the blower 15 may also be provided in accordance with the shape of the air outlet 14. , a multiple flow fan or a cross-flow fan may be used.

Further, in the above embodiment, the fins 12 of the evaporator 11 are made of aluminum plates, but other types such as needle-like wound fins may be used. The shape of the evaporator 11 is also designed to improve the distribution of wind speed during natural convection and forced draft.
It may be formed into a V-shape or the like with the apex at . Further, in the above embodiment, the heat receiving plate 6 is a simple flat plate, but it may have a shape such as a louver that increases the heat transfer area with the air.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, the evaporator of the heat pump device is arranged in the inclined upper part of the outer box of the air-type solar collector, and the outer box has an inlet and an air outlet that communicate with the outside air. With a simple configuration that includes an outlet, a partition plate inside the outer box that divides the interior into left and right rooms, and a blower that sucks outside air from the suction port, you can simply control whether or not to operate the blower. On sunny days, the heat pump device can be operated energy-savingly at a high evaporation temperature using only solar heat as the heat source, and on cloudy days, normal operation can be performed using almost the outside air as the heat source, and when there is sufficient sunlight, the evaporation temperature of the evaporator is always raised. can improve the coefficient of performance. In addition, as mentioned above, the configuration allows switching between air circulation mode and outside air intake mode in sunny weather by simply controlling whether or not to operate the blower, which is structurally simple and reduces installation costs. It is also highly reliable.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of a solar collector showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■--■ in FIG. 1...Outer box 2...Transparent cover 5...Insulation cover 6...
・Heat receiving plate 8...Partition plate 9...Right ventricle 1o...Left ventricle 1
1...Evaporator 14...Air outlet 15...Blower 16
...Suction port procedure amendment 60410 Showa date To the Commissioner of the Patent Office 1. Incident display patent application No. 59-057871 2. Name of invention Solar collector 3. Person making an amendment Related to the case Patent applicant Address Tokyo, Chiyo r [l-ku Marunouchi 2-2-3 Name (6
01) Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Representative Jinhachiro Katayama 4. Agent Address: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, 2-2-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo-Z1 Name (7375) Patent Attorney Masu Oiwa 111"l<"'6j9
5. Target of correction (;l!l'.:iノ゛,."i'.i
l:il'. '． IT+7'Ffl) Section 6 of the detailed description of the invention in the specification. Contents of amendment (1) In lines 17 to 18 of page 1 of the specification, the phrase "for water heaters, space heaters, etc." is amended to read "for hot water supply, space heating, etc." (2) Page 5, line 8 K of the specification, “Space inside” is replaced with “
"In space" is corrected.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The outer box, whose upper surface is made of a transparent material and is installed at an angle, is provided with a heat insulating material and a heat receiving plate placed on the surface of the heat insulating material on the inner bottom surface of the outer box. The evaporator of the heat pump device to be placed and a partition wall that partitions the space below the evaporator into two chambers in the width direction are provided, and one chamber has an outside air inlet and the other chamber has an outside air inlet. A solar heat collector characterized in that a K air outlet is provided in each chamber, and a blower is provided in one of the chambers for sucking outside air from the inlet.