JPS60198051A - Sealed battery - Google Patents
Sealed batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPS60198051A JPS60198051A JP59052555A JP5255584A JPS60198051A JP S60198051 A JPS60198051 A JP S60198051A JP 59052555 A JP59052555 A JP 59052555A JP 5255584 A JP5255584 A JP 5255584A JP S60198051 A JPS60198051 A JP S60198051A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- sealing plate
- blade
- alloy
- sealed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/375—Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、エレクトロニクス関連の小型電子機器用電源
として利用される密閉電池に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sealed battery used as a power source for small electronic devices related to electronics.
従来例の構成とその問題点
これ1での安全弁装置を内蔵した密閉形ニッルカドミウ
ム電池を第1図に示す。図中1は負極端子を兼ねる金属
ケース、2はカドミウム負極、3はセパレータ、4はニ
ッケル正極、5は金属薄板、6は封口板9の一部を切開
いて内側へ折曲げた切刃部、7は正極リード板、8は開
孔部、9は正極端子を兼ねた封口板、10は封ロガスク
ソトである。Conventional Structure and Its Problems A sealed nickel-cadmium battery with a built-in safety valve device according to the first example is shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a metal case that also serves as a negative electrode terminal, 2 is a cadmium negative electrode, 3 is a separator, 4 is a nickel positive electrode, 5 is a thin metal plate, 6 is a cutting edge portion made by cutting out a part of the sealing plate 9 and bending it inward. 7 is a positive electrode lead plate, 8 is an opening, 9 is a sealing plate that also serves as a positive electrode terminal, and 10 is a sealing gas hole.
この電池の場合、電池内圧が上列すると金属薄板5が押
し上げられ、切刃部6によって破られてガスは開孔部8
から外部へ排出される。In the case of this battery, when the internal pressure of the battery rises, the thin metal plate 5 is pushed up and broken by the cutting edge 6, and the gas is released into the opening 8.
is discharged to the outside.
安全機構として働く金属薄板は、正極端子を兼ねる封口
板9と周縁部を密接して封ロガスケソトでカシメられて
固定される。The thin metal plate that functions as a safety mechanism is fixed by caulking the sealing plate 9, which also serves as a positive terminal, with its peripheral edge in close contact with a sealing gasket.
この電池は、封口部に樹脂からなるガスケットを適用し
ているため、高温や低温で使用する場合に、ガスケット
の軟化や収縮現象が起こり、機械的なカシメ状態が変化
するため、この部分から電解液のクリープ現象が起こっ
て著しい場合は漏液につながる欠点があった。This battery uses a resin gasket in the sealing part, so when it is used at high or low temperatures, the gasket softens or shrinks, changing the mechanical caulking state. There is a drawback that if the liquid creep phenomenon occurs and is severe, it may lead to liquid leakage.
特にアルカリ電解液を用いる密閉電池でd高温多湿の条
件下で保存されると、封口からの漏i fA象を完全に
防止させることは極めてむつかしい。In particular, when a sealed battery using an alkaline electrolyte is stored under high temperature and high humidity conditions, it is extremely difficult to completely prevent leakage from the seal.
前述の如く封口板の一部を切開いて開孔部を作った場合
、高温多湿条件下に保存すると、この開孔部から湿気が
内部に入り水滴が封口板下部や、金属薄板上に付着する
。If a hole is created by cutting a part of the sealing plate as described above, if the product is stored under high temperature and high humidity conditions, moisture will enter the interior through the opening and water droplets will adhere to the bottom of the sealing plate and the thin metal plate. .
一方、前述のクリンプ封目方式では有機電解液を適用し
た場合、適用する電解液の種類によっては樹脂系のガス
ケットが侵されて封口部より電解液のクリープが起こり
、電池特性の著しい劣化になる欠点がある。On the other hand, when using the crimp sealing method described above, when an organic electrolyte is applied, depending on the type of electrolyte used, the resin gasket may be eroded and the electrolyte may creep from the sealing part, resulting in significant deterioration of battery characteristics. There are drawbacks.
これらの問題点を改良するには、ノ・−メチツク端子を
用いて電池ケースと溶着密閉化する事が必要である。な
おかつ、電池に異常が生じた場合、安全弁装置が作動し
て破裂などの事故を未然に防ぐことが実用上特に重要で
ある。In order to improve these problems, it is necessary to weld and seal the battery case with a non-metallic terminal. In addition, it is particularly important in practical terms that when an abnormality occurs in the battery, a safety valve device is activated to prevent accidents such as explosion.
発明の目的
本発明は、常に電池の気密性を維持させた」二で、万が
一電池に異常が起こった場合に安全弁装置が作動して電
池の破裂を未然に防ぐことのできる高信頼性の密閉電池
を提供する事を目的とする。Purpose of the Invention The present invention maintains the airtightness of the battery at all times.In the event that an abnormality occurs in the battery, a safety valve device is activated to prevent the battery from exploding. The purpose is to provide batteries.
発明の構成
本発明は、電池の金属容器と封口板をレーザー溶接で密
封した完全密閉形電池の安全弁装置に係るもので、一部
薄肉部分を設けた封目板の下面に所定の間隔を設けて先
端が鋭利状の切刃を固定した形状記憶合金の周縁部を金
属容器の内壁に固定した安全弁装置を内蔵した完全密閉
形電池を特徴とする。Structure of the Invention The present invention relates to a safety valve device for a completely sealed battery in which a metal container and a sealing plate of the battery are sealed by laser welding. The battery is characterized by a completely sealed battery with a built-in safety valve device in which the peripheral edge of a shape memory alloy with a sharp cutting blade fixed thereto is fixed to the inner wall of a metal container.
実施例の説明 以下本発明の実施例について詳述する。Description of examples Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below.
第2図に本発明の安全機構を内蔵した電池の半断面図を
示す。図中11は鉄にニッケルメッキした負極ケース、
12はリチウム金属板、13はガラス不織布からなるセ
パレータ、14はカーボン粉末と4弗化エチレン粉末を
90:10の重1d°比て混ぜ、加圧成型した多孔性カ
ーボン電極、15はニッケル材からなる正極集電利、1
6は封1丁1板17と電池容器1をレーザー溶接した溶
着部、18はガラス溶着部、19は封口板の薄肉部、2
oは形状記憶合金でTi50%、Ni50係の組成から
なり、これをドーナツ形に加工し、封口板17の薄肉部
19に対応する位置に先端が鋭利状の切刃が形成されて
いる。FIG. 2 shows a half-sectional view of a battery incorporating the safety mechanism of the present invention. In the figure, 11 is a negative electrode case made of nickel-plated iron.
12 is a lithium metal plate, 13 is a separator made of glass non-woven fabric, 14 is a porous carbon electrode made by mixing carbon powder and tetrafluoroethylene powder in a weight ratio of 1d° of 90:10 and press-molding it, and 15 is made of a nickel material. Positive electrode current collector, 1
6 is a welded part where the sealing plate 17 and the battery container 1 are laser welded, 18 is a glass welded part, 19 is a thin part of the sealing plate, 2
o is a shape memory alloy having a composition of 50% Ti and 50% Ni, which is processed into a donut shape, and a cutting edge with a sharp tip is formed at a position corresponding to the thin wall portion 19 of the sealing plate 17.
22はドーナツ形に加工した形状記憶合金を「なべ底形
状」に曲げた周縁部であり、これは電池容器の内壁に溶
着固定されている。23は電池温度が上昇した場合に平
板状に変形しく点線で図示)、この時に切刃24が封目
板の薄肉部19を破り、ガスを排出せしめて内圧上昇を
未然に抑え、電池の破裂や破壊を防ポする〇
近年メモリバンクアップ電源として使用される例えば、
カーエレクトロニクス関連機器では+85℃〜−55℃
の条件をクリアさせる要求がある。Reference numeral 22 denotes a peripheral portion formed by bending a shape memory alloy processed into a donut shape into a "pan bottom shape", and this is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the battery container. 23 deforms into a flat plate shape when the battery temperature rises (as shown by the dotted line), and at this time the cutting blade 24 breaks the thin wall part 19 of the sealing plate, discharging the gas and suppressing the increase in internal pressure, causing the battery to burst. 〇Recently used as a memory bank power supply, for example,
+85℃~-55℃ for car electronics related equipment
There is a request to clear the following conditions.
尚、耐温度条件によっては、ガスケットを適用した封口
構造に係る電池にも本発明は適用できる。Note that, depending on the temperature resistance conditions, the present invention can also be applied to batteries having a sealed structure using a gasket.
発明の効果
本発明による効果は、例えば第2図に示した構造による
リチウム−塩化チオニル電池系で確認したところ次の通
りであった。Effects of the Invention The effects of the present invention were confirmed, for example, in a lithium-thionyl chloride battery system having the structure shown in FIG. 2, and were as follows.
電池を80℃での保存中に外部短絡させ、電池温度を1
00℃以上にした場合、形状記憶合金が平板状に戻り、
封目板の薄肉部を切刃が突き破り、内圧上昇を未然に防
ぎ電池の破裂を防止する事ができた。While the battery was stored at 80℃, an external short circuit was applied, and the battery temperature decreased to 1.
When the temperature exceeds 00℃, the shape memory alloy returns to a flat plate shape,
The cutting blade pierced through the thin wall of the sealing plate, preventing a rise in internal pressure and preventing the battery from exploding.
第1図は、非復元性防爆構造を内蔵したこれ捷での密閉
形ニッケルーカドミウム電池の断面図、第2図は本発明
の形状記憶合金の破壊構造を内蔵したリチウム電池の断
面図である。
19・・・・・・封口板の薄肉部、2o・・・・・・形
状記憶合金、21・・・・・・切刃、23・・・・・平
板状に戻った形状記憶合金。
代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男ほか1名第1図
第2図Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a sealed nickel-cadmium battery with a built-in non-recoverable explosion-proof structure, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a lithium battery with a built-in fracture structure of the shape memory alloy of the present invention. . 19... Thin wall portion of sealing plate, 2o... Shape memory alloy, 21... Cutting edge, 23... Shape memory alloy returned to flat plate shape. Name of agent: Patent attorney Satoshi Nakao and one other person Figure 1 Figure 2
Claims (1)
状記憶合金を内蔵したことを特徴とする密閉電池。 僻)形状記憶合金がTi−Niの合金からなる特許請求
の範囲第1項記載の密閉電池。 (3)形状記憶合金がドウナラ形状を有しその周縁部は
電池容器の内壁に溶着されている特許請求の範囲第1項
記載の密閉電池。[Scope of Claims] 0) A sealed battery characterized by incorporating a shape memory alloy having a sharp cutting edge between a sealing plate and a power generation element. 2. The sealed battery according to claim 1, wherein the shape memory alloy is a Ti-Ni alloy. (3) The sealed battery according to claim 1, wherein the shape memory alloy has a round shape and the peripheral edge thereof is welded to the inner wall of the battery container.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59052555A JPS60198051A (en) | 1984-03-19 | 1984-03-19 | Sealed battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59052555A JPS60198051A (en) | 1984-03-19 | 1984-03-19 | Sealed battery |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS60198051A true JPS60198051A (en) | 1985-10-07 |
Family
ID=12918055
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP59052555A Pending JPS60198051A (en) | 1984-03-19 | 1984-03-19 | Sealed battery |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS60198051A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6372062A (en) * | 1986-09-12 | 1988-04-01 | Fuji Elelctrochem Co Ltd | Explosion-proof type battery |
FR2635919A1 (en) * | 1988-07-11 | 1990-03-02 | Eveready Battery Inc | ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL COMPRISING AN INTERNAL CIRCUIT SWITCH |
EP0674351A2 (en) * | 1994-03-03 | 1995-09-27 | Japan Storage Battery Company Limited | Battery and safety device therefor |
EP0700109A1 (en) * | 1994-08-23 | 1996-03-06 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | A battery and a method for the manufacture of such a battery |
-
1984
- 1984-03-19 JP JP59052555A patent/JPS60198051A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6372062A (en) * | 1986-09-12 | 1988-04-01 | Fuji Elelctrochem Co Ltd | Explosion-proof type battery |
FR2635919A1 (en) * | 1988-07-11 | 1990-03-02 | Eveready Battery Inc | ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL COMPRISING AN INTERNAL CIRCUIT SWITCH |
EP0674351A2 (en) * | 1994-03-03 | 1995-09-27 | Japan Storage Battery Company Limited | Battery and safety device therefor |
EP0674351A3 (en) * | 1994-03-03 | 1997-06-25 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Battery and safety device therefor. |
US6136464A (en) * | 1994-03-03 | 2000-10-24 | Japan Storage Battery Co., Ltd. | Battery and safety device therefor |
EP0700109A1 (en) * | 1994-08-23 | 1996-03-06 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | A battery and a method for the manufacture of such a battery |
US5800939A (en) * | 1994-08-23 | 1998-09-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Battery and method for the manufacture of such a battery |
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