JPS60197521A - Device of generating stable spiral air flow in line - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a device which introduces gas into an annular space between an inner and an outer cone body, and generates a stable spiral air flow, which is utilized for conveyance of solid particle and dehydration. CONSTITUTION:When gas is fed in through a gas introduction port 5, the gas flows through an annular space 4 between an outer cone body 1 and an inner cone body 2 from the large size side toward the small size side. The gas is caused to flow in a line 3 with a specified size in a position in the vicinity of the apex of the inner cone body 2 to generate a stable spiral air flow. Solid particle, fed in the line 3 with the aid of a feeder 6 located to the central part of the inner cone body 2, is smoothly conveyed by means of the spiral air flow.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Purpose and Background) The present invention relates to a device for generating a stable spiral airflow in a pipe, that is, an airflow in which gas swirls and travels in a long sleeve direction. Using the generated III swirl current, solid particles can be transported and pulverized, water-containing solid particles can be dehydrated, heat can be separated, etc.

Since transport of solid particles by a spiral air flow is an unexplored field that has not been taken up industrially so far, we will first explain what transport by a spiral air flow is.

The conventional pneumatic transportation of solid particles, which is generally carried out industrially, is based on the idea of blowing away solid particles with a linear high-speed gas flow, and this method causes solid particles to violently collide with the pipe wall. Therefore, there is a disadvantage that the conduit is subject to severe wear and that repairing the device requires a lot of time and expense.

The present invention has a completely different concept from such conventional pneumatic transportation.

Phenomena in which gas or liquid swirls occur widely in nature, such as tornadoes, typhoons, and whirlpools.

It is well known that tornadoes, or large tornadoes, that occur in the central part of the North American continent cause great damage by sucking up cattle, horses, cars, and even houses into the air and causing them to fall to different locations. Even in Japan, although it is not so powerful and large-scale, it sucks up grains, fish, frogs, etc. and rains it down far away.
A so-called mysterious rain phenomenon has been reported.

Such natural phenomena only cause disasters to Sakae because they occur unexpectedly at unspecified locations, but if similar phenomena can be made to exist as stable "fields" between specific locations set in advance, they can be It can be used to transport objects.

A commonly thought method for artificially generating a swirling flow is to introduce airflow into a pipe at high speed from the tangential direction of the inner circumference, and this method is applied to cyclones and other devices.

However, when solid particles are transported by the swirling flow generated in this way, the supplied solid particles hit the pipe wall near the pipe entrance, causing wear on the pipe wall, making it difficult for the device to be used for a long time. This is similar to the transport of solid particles by a conventional linear high-speed gas flow, and because energy is lost in this way, even if a swirling flow is formed near the airflow inlet, the pipe is long. In some cases, it has been found that it gradually disappears and it is difficult to maintain it stably.

Therefore, as a result of further observation of the occurrence of tornadoes and repeated research focusing on the fact that tornadoes and tornadoes are funnel-shaped, the present invention was completed. relates to a device that generates a stable spiral airflow in a conduit, in which an external An internal cone body having a base with a smaller diameter than the base of the cone body is inserted and installed to form an annular space between the inner wall of the outer cone body and the outer wall of the inner cone body. A gas inlet is provided, and the tip of the external cone body is connected to a conduit.

The attached FIG. 1 shows an example of the basic configuration of the device of the present invention, in which the external cone body 1 gradually decreases in diameter from a base 11 having a larger diameter than the conduit 3 to a tip 12 having the same diameter as the conduit. The inner cone body 2 is inserted into the inner cone body 2 and has a smaller diameter base 21 than the base of the outer cone body, and is installed between the inner wall of the outer cone body and the outer wall of the inner cone body. An annular space 4 is formed in the annular space, and a gas inlet 5 from the outside is provided on the base side of this annular space.
The tip 12 of the outer cone body is connected to the conduit 3.

In the one shown in Fig. 1, cylindrical guide tubes 14 and 24 are provided at the bases of the outer and inner cone bodies, respectively, and a gas inlet 5 is provided in these portions, but this is because there is only one place for gas inlet. The purpose of this structure is to provide a preliminary space for the gas introduced from the mouth to uniformly disperse to the opposite side before entering the annular space of the cone, and is a structure that allows gas to be introduced from the entire area around the base of the cone. For example, if the internal cone body shown in FIG. 2 has a structure in which a gas inlet to the annular space is provided around the entire circumference of the base, such a guide cylinder is not necessarily required. In this case, the inner space of the inner cone body functions as a gas charge tank, to which gas is supplied from the outside via the inlet pipe 51.

It is desirable that the cross-sectional area of the annular space formed between the inner wall of the outer cone body and the outer wall of the inner cone body decreases as gradually as possible to become equal to the cross-sectional area of the conduit 3.

In the case of no load, it is ideal that the cross-sectional area of the pipe line 3 should be constant at any part, that is, be equal to the cross-sectional area of the pipe line 3. To achieve this, the design is such that the distance between the outer cone body and the inner cone body is narrow on the base side, where the diameter is large, and the distance is wide on the tip side, where the diameter is small. If the slopes of both cone bodies are straight, the cross-sectional area of the annular space cannot be made completely equal in all cross-sections, but may be approximately constant. Of course, it is most desirable to form one or both of the slopes in a curved manner so that the area is completely equal. If the cross-sectional area of the annular space is made constant across all sections, the gas flowing through the annular space from the base to the tip will not be compressed or expanded on the way, and will flow smoothly at a constant speed with no pressure change. It flows into the duct from the annular space.

If gas is introduced from the gas inlet of the device explained above,
The gas passes through the circular space between the outer cone body and the inner cone body from the side with the larger inner diameter to the side with the smaller inner diameter, and near the top of the inner cone body, it is fed into the pipe line with a constant diameter, and inside the pipe line. Under conditions where the average velocity of the airflow is 20 m/s or more, within several tens of meters from the pipe entrance, or at the cone body part, a spiral flow progresses in the long axis direction of the pipe while forming a swirling flow with respect to the pipe cross section. Airflow is generated.

The stable spiral airflow generated in this way has the same ability to transport objects as a tornado or tornado. Therefore, if solid particles are supplied to this spiral airflow region, the solid particles will also be transported to the outlet of the pipe while drawing a spiral, and the objects that were just supplied to the center of the spiral airflow will be transported almost straight through the pipe at a very high speed. Head towards the exit of the road.

In order to supply solid particles to the spiral air region, it is sufficient to install a feeder 6 that passes through the center line of the inner cone body and reaches the vicinity of the pipe entrance as shown in FIG. As the feeder, a screw feeder or the like is preferable because quantitative control is easy.

In addition, the optimal conditions for the generation of spiral airflow may change depending on the density, particle size, and supply amount of solid particles to be transported.
As shown in the figure, it would be convenient to have a structure in which the degree of insertion of the inner cone body into the outer cone body can be changed so that the cross-sectional area of the annular space can be controlled.

It can be confirmed from the following Example 1 that a stable spiral airflow is generated in the pipe by using the device of the present invention.

Example 1 As shown in Fig. 5, a vertical section is provided in a conduit 3 made of a transparent plastic tube with an inner diameter of 1.5 inches, and the airflow introduced using the device shown in Fig. 3 is directed from the bottom to the top. Let it flow. Therefore, the feeder 6 of the device shown in Fig.
When a synthetic resin pellet (cylindrical shape with a diameter of 5 mm and a length of 5 mm) 7 is fed from the pipe, the beret / ) will momentarily pass through this vertical pipe from the bottom to the top if the airflow velocity is fast enough. , by adjusting the airflow velocity so that the downward vector due to gravity acting on the pellet and the upward hector due to the airflow are balanced, the pellet 7 will be at a certain position in the vertical tube,
For example, it remains at the position A-A' in FIG. 5, and its movement can be observed with the naked eye. Figure 6 is A-A of Figure 5.
Although this is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ', it can be seen that the pellet 7 is making a rotating movement as shown by the arrow. When the A-A' part is held down by hand to tighten it, the flow velocity in this part increases, so the pellet 7 flies upward, moves to the equilibrium point B-B' slightly above, and performs a swirling motion in this cross section. continue. In this case, the bellet 7 is not in direct contact with the pipe inner wall 31. That is, in a portion close to the inner wall 31 of the tube, an annular air layer 8 is formed that is compressed by centrifugal force based on swirling waves (the thickness of the annular air layer is exaggerated in the drawing, but it is actually less than 1 mm). The thickness is on the order of microns). Therefore, the pellets are rotated by the rotating vector of the spiral air flow in a constant plane under the balance between the upward vector of the spiral air flow and the downward vector of gravity at the boundary with the annular air layer.

It is easy to understand that if the flow velocity of the airflow is increased from this equilibrium state, the pellets themselves will also move toward the exit while drawing a spiral flow.

When the vertical tube is gradually tilted diagonally from this state, the pellets that had been swirling in a fixed plane will start to rise while continuing to swirl, that is, they will draw a spiral flow with a short pitch).
When the inclination of the tube reaches a certain limit, it suddenly flies toward the exit (in this case, upward) as if being sucked in, and is no longer visible.

As can be seen from this Example 1, one of the characteristics of transporting solid particles using spiral airflow is! II! Most of the gas molecules form a compressed air layer near the inner wall of the pipe due to the centrifugal force based on the internal rotation of the airflow within the whirlpool, so the solid particles being transported are blocked by this air layer and are directly It should not come into contact with the pipe wall and cause wear of the pipe line.

Another feature is that at the center of a spiral airflow, the air pressure is extremely low, similar to the center of a tornado, and air resistance is extremely low, so the transport energy of solid particles is small.

In this way, by using the device of the present invention, solid particles can be transported in an energy-efficient manner without fear of pipe abrasion, which is different from conventional pneumatic transport.

The gas used in this device is usually air, but nitrogen or other gases may be used in special cases, such as when there is a risk of dust explosion.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing one example of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing another example, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which a solid particle feed pipe is provided, and Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the device. An explanatory diagram showing an application example,
FIGS. 5 and 6 are explanatory diagrams of an embodiment showing that a spiral airflow is generated by the apparatus of the present invention. Applicant Kawasaki Steel Co., Ltd. Kawatetsu Mining Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Shoji Aoma ↑ Figure 5 Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Claims] Inside the external cone body, the diameter of which gradually decreases from the base, which is larger than the pipe, to the tip, which has the same diameter as the pipe,
An annular space is formed between the inner wall of the outer cone body and the outer wall of the inner cone body by inserting and installing an inner cone body having a base having a diameter smaller than that of the base of the outer cone body, and an annular space is formed between the inner wall of the outer cone body and the outer wall of the inner cone body. A device that generates a stable spiral airflow in a conduit by providing a gas inlet from the cone and connecting the tip of an external cone body to the conduit.