JPS60187305A - Permeable membrane type distillation apparatus - Google Patents
Permeable membrane type distillation apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPS60187305A JPS60187305A JP4266584A JP4266584A JPS60187305A JP S60187305 A JPS60187305 A JP S60187305A JP 4266584 A JP4266584 A JP 4266584A JP 4266584 A JP4266584 A JP 4266584A JP S60187305 A JPS60187305 A JP S60187305A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- permeable membrane
- permeation
- condensing
- area
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、蒸気は透過するが液体は透過しない透過膜を
使用した蒸溜装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a distillation apparatus using a permeable membrane that allows vapor to pass through but not liquid.
一般にこの種の透過膜式蒸溜装置は、例えば特公昭４９
−４５４６１号公報、特開昭５７−１１３８０１号公報
及び特公昭５０−３７５３号公報等に開示されているよ
うに、高温原料液体通路を区成する透過膜と、冷却用流
体通路を区成する凝縮伝熱板とを、その間に凝縮液体通
路を形成するように並設し、高温原料液体通路を流れる
高温原料液体から発生し前記透過膜を透過して凝縮液体
通路に入った蒸気が、凝縮液体通路内において凝縮伝熱
板によって冷却凝縮し、この凝縮水を凝縮液体通路から
器外に取り出すようにしたものである。In general, this type of permeable membrane distillation apparatus is used, for example, in
As disclosed in JP-A-45461, JP-A-57-113801, and JP-B-50-3753, a permeable membrane that defines a high-temperature raw material liquid passage and a cooling fluid passage are used. A condensing heat exchanger plate is arranged in parallel so as to form a condensed liquid passage therebetween, and vapor generated from the high temperature raw material liquid flowing in the high temperature raw material liquid passage and passing through the permeable membrane and entering the condensed liquid passage is condensed. The condensed water is cooled and condensed in the liquid passage by a condensing heat exchanger plate, and the condensed water is taken out of the vessel from the condensed liquid passage.
このような透過模式蒸溜装置に使用する透過膜は、数ミ
クロンの孔径を有する多孔質の四弗化エチレン樹脂膜や
多孔化したポリエチレン樹脂膜等が使用されているが、
この透過膜の厚さは約１００ミクロンと極めて薄く、当
該膜自体が延びたり、破れたりし易く、強度的に非常に
弱いものであって、その支持方法、補強方法及び取付は
方法等に困難性があった。The permeation membrane used in such a permeation type distillation apparatus is a porous tetrafluoroethylene resin membrane with a pore diameter of several microns or a porous polyethylene resin membrane.
The thickness of this permeable membrane is extremely thin, approximately 100 microns, and the membrane itself is easily stretched or torn, and its strength is extremely weak, making it difficult to support, reinforce, and attach it. There was sex.
すなわち、当該透過膜は、前記のように高温原料液体通
路を区成するもので、その一方の面は高温原料液体に接
し、他方の面は凝縮液体通路という空間に臨んでいて、
この透過膜には片側から高温原料液体の液圧が他側に向
かって作用するから、この高温原料液体の液圧に耐える
ように適宜支持する必要がある。That is, the permeable membrane defines a high-temperature raw material liquid passage as described above, one surface of which is in contact with the high-temperature raw material liquid, and the other surface facing a space called a condensed liquid passage.
Since the liquid pressure of the high-temperature raw material liquid acts on this permeable membrane from one side toward the other side, it is necessary to appropriately support it so as to withstand the liquid pressure of the high-temperature raw material liquid.
このため従来の透過膜式蒸溜装置では、透過膜の凝縮液
体通路内側に孔空き板又は素焼板等の多孔硬質板を配設
して、該多孔硬質板によって透過膜に作用する液圧を支
持する方法が採用されている。For this reason, in conventional permeable membrane distillation equipment, a porous hard plate such as a perforated plate or an unglazed plate is installed inside the condensed liquid passage of the permeable membrane, and the perforated hard plate supports the liquid pressure acting on the permeable membrane. The method is adopted.
このように透過膜の凝縮液体通路内側に孔空き板又は素
焼板等の多孔硬質板を配設すると、透過膜の裏面には前
記多孔硬質板における孔以外の部分が面接触の状態で接
触して、当該部分からの蒸気の透過を阻止することにな
り、高温原料液体における蒸気が透過膜を透過するのは
、前記多孔硬質板における孔に該当する部分においての
みしか行なわれず、孔の部分における面積は孔以外の部
分における面積に比して著しく小さいから、透過膜にお
ける透過有効面積が減少することに加え、透過膜を透過
した蒸気が前記多孔硬質板を通過するときの通過抵抗が
大きくなる。その結果、透過膜式蒸溜装置の性能である
透過膜の単位面積当たりの蒸気の通過量を低下させるこ
とになり、透過、膜式蒸溜装置としては、その透過膜の
面積を、前記のように当該透過膜の片面に多孔硬質板を
配設することによって透過有効面積が低下し且つ蒸気の
通過抵抗が増大する分だけ大きくしなければならないか
ら、装置が大型になるのであった。When a porous hard plate such as a perforated plate or an unglazed plate is placed inside the condensed liquid passage of the permeable membrane, the parts of the porous hard plate other than the holes are in surface contact with the back side of the permeable membrane. Therefore, vapor in the high-temperature raw material liquid passes through the permeable membrane only in the portions of the porous hard plate that correspond to the holes. Since the area is significantly smaller than the area other than the holes, the effective permeation area of the permeable membrane decreases, and the passage resistance of the vapor that has passed through the permeable membrane increases when it passes through the porous hard plate. . As a result, the amount of vapor passing through per unit area of the permeable membrane, which is the performance of the permeable membrane distillation apparatus, will be reduced. By disposing a porous hard plate on one side of the permeable membrane, the effective area for permeation is reduced and the resistance to passage of vapor is increased, so the device must be increased in size.
本発明は、この問題を解消するために、前記のように高
温原料液体の液圧が作用する透過膜を、その透過有効面
積を減じたり、蒸気の通過抵抗を増大したりすることな
く支持することを提案するものであって、その要旨とす
る所は、高温原料液体通路を区成する透過膜と、冷却用
流体通路を区成する凝縮伝熱板とを、その間に凝縮液体
通路を形成するように並設して成る透過模式蒸溜装置に
おいて、前記凝縮伝熱板を断面波型に形成して、その波
型の頂部を前記透過膜に近接する一方、該凝縮伝熱板と
前記透過膜との間に、網状体を透過膜に接するように介
挿したことを特徴とするものである。In order to solve this problem, the present invention supports the permeation membrane on which the hydraulic pressure of the high-temperature raw material liquid acts as described above, without reducing its effective permeation area or increasing the vapor passage resistance. The purpose of this proposal is to form a condensed liquid passage between a permeable membrane that defines a high-temperature raw material liquid passage and a condensing heat transfer plate that defines a cooling fluid passage. In the transmission type distillation apparatus, the condensing heat exchanger plate is formed in a corrugated cross-section, and the top of the wave shape is close to the permeation membrane, while the condensation heat exchanger plate and the permeation membrane are arranged in parallel. It is characterized in that a reticular body is inserted between the membrane and the membrane so as to be in contact with the permeable membrane.
以下本発明を海水から淡水を製造する透過模式蒸溜装置
に適用した場合の実施例の図面について説明すると、透
過膜式蒸溜装置ｌは、２枚の透過膜３．３と四方を囲っ
た枠体５内に張設した２枚の凝縮伝熱板４，４とを積層
して成る複数個のユニット２を、積層状に配設すること
によって構成され、その各ユニット２は、２枚の透過膜
３．３を隣接してその間に高温原料液体通路６を形成す
るための四方囲い枠型のスペーサー７を介挿し、この再
透過膜３，３の外側面に再凝縮伝熱板４゜４を、当該凝
縮伝熱板４と透過膜３との間に凝縮液体通路用空間８を
形成するように積層し、咳両凝縮伝熱板４．４のうち一
方の凝縮伝熱板４の外側面に、当該ユニット２に隣接す
るユニット２における凝縮伝熱板４との間に冷却用流体
通路９を形成するための四方囲い枠型のスペーサー１０
を積層したものに構成されている。The drawings of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a permeation type distillation apparatus for producing fresh water from seawater will be explained below.The permeation membrane type distillation apparatus l consists of two permeation membranes 3. It is constructed by arranging a plurality of units 2 in a laminated manner, each consisting of two condensing heat exchanger plates 4, 4 stretched in a laminate. A four-sided frame-shaped spacer 7 for forming a high-temperature raw material liquid passage 6 is inserted between the membranes 3.3, and a recondensation heat transfer plate 4.4 is placed on the outer surface of the repermeable membranes 3. are laminated to form a condensed liquid passage space 8 between the condensing heat exchanger plate 4 and the permeable membrane 3, and the outside of one of the condensing heat exchanger plates 4. A four-sided frame-shaped spacer 10 for forming a cooling fluid passage 9 between the unit 2 and the condensing heat transfer plate 4 in the unit 2 adjacent to the unit 2 is provided on the side surface.
It is constructed by laminating layers.
例えば６０℃に加熱した高温の原料海水は、ポンプ１１
付き供給管路１２を通って各ユニット２における高温原
料液体通路６内にそのスペーサー７における入口孔１３
から流入してのち、スペー５−
サーフにおける出口孔１４から排出管路１５を通って流
出する一方、例えば２０℃の冷却水は、ポンプ１６付き
供給管路１７を通って各ユニット２における冷却用流体
通路９内にそのスペーサー１０における入口孔１８から
流入してのち、スペーサー１０における出口孔１９から
排出管路２０を通って流出することにより、前記高温原
料液体通路６内で発生し、再透過膜３．３を透過してそ
の外側面における凝縮液体通路用空間８．８に入った蒸
気は、当該雨空間８，８内における凝縮伝熱板４の表面
で凝縮し、この凝縮水が凝縮伝熱板４の下方に流下した
のち、当該凝縮伝熱板４における枠体５に穿設した孔２
１から淡水管路２２を介して送り出される。For example, high-temperature raw material seawater heated to 60°C is pumped 11
An inlet hole 13 in its spacer 7 is inserted into the hot feed liquid passageway 6 in each unit 2 through a feed line 12 with a
After flowing in from the space 5-surf, the cooling water flows out through the discharge pipe 15 from the outlet hole 14 in the space 5-surf, while the cooling water at, for example, 20°C passes through the supply pipe 17 with the pump 16 for cooling in each unit 2. The hot raw material liquid generated in the hot raw material liquid passage 6 and re-permeated by flowing into the fluid passage 9 through the inlet hole 18 in the spacer 10 and then flowing out from the outlet hole 19 in the spacer 10 through the discharge line 20. The vapor that passes through the membrane 3.3 and enters the condensed liquid passage space 8.8 on its outer surface condenses on the surface of the condensing heat exchanger plate 4 in the rain spaces 8, 8, and this condensed water condenses. After flowing down the heat exchanger plate 4, the hole 2 drilled in the frame 5 of the condensed heat exchanger plate 4
1 through a freshwater pipe 22.
なお、透過膜３には、前記のように数ミクロンの孔径を
有する多孔質の四弗化エチレン樹脂膜や多孔化したポリ
エチレン樹脂膜等が使用され、また、前記各スペーサー
７及び１０は合成樹脂製である。As described above, the permeable membrane 3 is made of a porous tetrafluoroethylene resin membrane or a porous polyethylene resin membrane having a pore diameter of several microns, and the spacers 7 and 10 are made of synthetic resin. Made in Japan.
そして、前記各ユニット２における両凝縮伝熱−６＝
板４，４の断面を波型状に形成して、その波型の頂部２
３を、透過膜３に近接する一方、再凝縮伝熱板４，４と
透過膜３，３との間に、例えばポリエチレン樹脂等の合
成樹脂製のシングルフィラメントにて２０メソシュ程度
に編成または織成された網状体２４を、透過膜３に接す
るように各々介挿する。Then, the cross section of the plates 4, 4 is formed into a wave shape, and the top 2 of the wave shape is
3 is knitted or woven with a single filament made of synthetic resin, such as polyethylene resin, into approximately 20 mesos between the recondensing heat exchanger plates 4, 4 and the permeable membranes 3, 3 while being close to the permeable membrane 3. The net-like bodies 24 thus formed are each inserted so as to be in contact with the permeable membrane 3.
このように構成すると、両透過膜３，３にその外側面の
凝縮液体通路用空間８．８に向かって作用する高温原料
液体の液圧は、当該透過膜の裏面に接する網状体２４に
よって支持され、この網状体２４は、断面を波型に形成
することよって断面係数が大きく従って強度が増大した
凝縮伝熱板４によって支持されることになる。With this structure, the liquid pressure of the high-temperature raw material liquid that acts on both the permeable membranes 3, 3 toward the condensed liquid passage space 8.8 on the outer surface thereof is supported by the mesh body 24 in contact with the back surface of the permeable membrane. The net-like body 24 is supported by the condensing heat exchanger plate 4, which has a large section modulus due to its corrugated cross-section and thus has increased strength.
この場合、透過膜３の裏面には、網状体２４を構成する
細いフィラメントが線接触の状態で部分的に接触するの
みで、蒸気が透過膜を透過するのを阻止する部分の面積
は著しく小さく、逆に蒸気が透過膜を透過する部分の面
積が著しく大きくなるから、透過膜における透過有効面
積は増大することに加え、網状体２４を蒸気が通過する
ときの通過抵抗も著しく低減するのである。In this case, the thin filaments constituting the network 24 are only partially in line contact with the back surface of the permeable membrane 3, and the area of the part that prevents vapor from permeating through the permeable membrane is extremely small. On the contrary, since the area of the part where the vapor permeates through the permeable membrane becomes significantly larger, the effective permeation area of the permeable membrane increases, and the passage resistance when the vapor passes through the network 24 is also significantly reduced. .
なお、前記網状体２４としては、フィラメントを編成ま
たは織成したものに限らず、不織布のように構成したも
のでも良く、凝縮伝熱板４における波型の波の方向と直
角方向にフィラメントを鐘状に配設したものでも良い。Note that the net-like body 24 is not limited to one made of knitted or woven filaments, but may also be made of a non-woven fabric, in which the filaments are arranged in a bell shape in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the waves in the condensing heat exchanger plate 4. It may also be placed in
この網状体の材質は金属でも良く、前記のような網状体
を、網目の大きいものと網目の小さいものとを複数枚重
ねて使用しても良いことは勿論である。また、前記凝縮
伝熱板４における波型断面の頂部２３に、第５図に示す
ように当該頂部２３の長平方向に沿って適宜間隔で凹み
部２５を設けることにより、波型断面によって形成され
る複数条の凝縮液体通路用空間８を互いに連通させるこ
とができる。The material of this net-like body may be metal, and it goes without saying that a plurality of the above-mentioned net-like bodies, one with a large mesh and one with a small mesh, may be stacked and used. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, recesses 25 are provided at appropriate intervals along the longitudinal direction of the top 23 on the top 23 of the condensing heat exchanger plate 4, so that the top 23 of the condensing heat exchanger plate 4 has a wave-shaped cross section. A plurality of condensed liquid passage spaces 8 can be made to communicate with each other.
以上のとおり本発明は、片面に高温原料液体の液圧が作
用する透過膜を、その裏面に接する網状体を介して、断
面波型の凝縮伝熱板にて支持するもので、透過膜をその
透過有効面積を減じたり、蒸気の通過抵抗を増大したり
することなく支持することができるから、透過膜式蒸溜
装置における透過膜の面積を、従来のもののように大き
くする必要はないことに加え、凝縮伝熱板を断面波型に
形成したことによってその伝、熱面積が増大するから、
透過膜式蒸溜装置における能力の増大、ひいては透過模
式蒸溜装置の小型化を図ることができるのである。As described above, the present invention supports a permeable membrane on one side of which is subjected to the hydraulic pressure of a high-temperature raw material liquid, with a condensing heat exchanger plate having a corrugated cross-section via a net-like body in contact with the back side of the permeable membrane. Since it can be supported without reducing the effective permeation area or increasing the vapor passage resistance, there is no need to increase the area of the permeable membrane in the permeable membrane distillation apparatus as in conventional ones. In addition, by forming the condensing heat exchanger plate into a corrugated cross-section, the heat transfer and heat area increase.
This makes it possible to increase the capacity of the permeation membrane type distillation apparatus and further downsize the permeation type distillation apparatus.
また本発明によると、凝縮伝熱板の断面を波型に形成す
ることによってその伝熱面積及び強度を増大できること
から、この凝縮伝熱板に耐腐食性に優れた合成樹脂材に
使用することができるようになり、透過膜式蒸溜装置の
価格の低減と軽量が図られる等の効果を有する。Further, according to the present invention, the heat transfer area and strength can be increased by forming the cross section of the condensation heat transfer plate into a wave shape, so that a synthetic resin material with excellent corrosion resistance can be used for the condensation heat transfer plate. This has the effect of reducing the price and weight of the permeable membrane distillation apparatus.
図面は本発明の実施例を示し、第１図は透過膜式蒸溜装
置の系統説明図、第２図は透過膜式蒸溜装置における部
分的縦断面図、第３図は第２図のｍ−ｍ視拡大断面図、
第４図は透過膜式蒸溜装置を構成するユニットの分解斜
視図、第５図は本発明に使用される凝縮伝熱板の別例斜
視図である。
９−
１・・・・透過膜式蒸溜装置、２・・・・ユニ７＋・、
３・・・・透過膜、４・・・・凝縮伝熱板、５・・・・
枠体、６・・・・高温原料液体用通路、７・・・・スペ
ーサー、８・・・・凝縮液体通路用空間、９・・・・冷
却用流体通路、１０・・・・スペーサー、２３・・・・
波型頂部、２４・・ ′・・網状体。
特許出願人 株式会社笹倉機械製作所
１０−
手続補正書（自治
昭和５９年 ４月 ６日
特郭召５９−４２６６５号
３、補正をする者
事件との関係 特許出 願人
住 所 大阪市西淀用区御幣島６丁目７番５号名 称
株式会社 笹倉機械製作所
＝１−The drawings show embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a permeable membrane distillation apparatus, FIG. 2 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the permeable membrane distillation apparatus, and FIG. m-view enlarged cross-sectional view,
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a unit constituting a permeable membrane distillation apparatus, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another example of a condensing heat exchanger plate used in the present invention. 9- 1... Permeable membrane distillation device, 2... Uni7+...
3... Permeable membrane, 4... Condensing heat transfer plate, 5...
Frame body, 6... Passage for high temperature raw material liquid, 7... Spacer, 8... Space for condensed liquid passage, 9... Cooling fluid passage, 10... Spacer, 23・・・・・・
Wavy top, 24...'...reticular body. Patent Applicant: Sasakura Kikai Seisakusho Co., Ltd. 10- Procedural Amendment (April 6, 1981 Tokukoso No. 59-42665 3, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment) Patent Applicant Address: Nishiyodo, Osaka City Ward Goheijima 6-7-5 Name
Sasakura Machinery Co., Ltd.=1-
Claims (1)
流体通路を区成する凝縮伝熱板とを、その間に凝縮液体
通路を形成するように並設して成る透過膜式蒸溜装置に
おいて、前記凝縮伝熱板を断面波型に形成して、その波
型の頂部を前記透過膜に近接する一方、該凝縮伝熱板と
前記透過膜との間に、網状体を透過膜に接するように介
挿したことを特徴とする透過膜式蒸溜装置。+11. In the permeable membrane distillation apparatus, a permeable membrane forming a high-temperature raw material liquid passage and a condensing heat transfer plate forming a cooling fluid passage are arranged in parallel so as to form a condensed liquid passage therebetween. The condensing heat exchanger plate is formed to have a corrugated cross section, and the top of the wave is close to the permeable membrane, while a net is placed between the condensing heat exchanger plate and the permeable membrane so as to be in contact with the permeable membrane. A permeable membrane distillation device characterized by an interposed membrane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59042665A JPH062217B2 (en) | 1984-03-05 | 1984-03-05 | Permeation membrane type distillation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59042665A JPH062217B2 (en) | 1984-03-05 | 1984-03-05 | Permeation membrane type distillation device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60187305A true JPS60187305A (en) | 1985-09-24 |
| JPH062217B2 JPH062217B2 (en) | 1994-01-12 |
Family
ID=12642311
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59042665A Expired - Lifetime JPH062217B2 (en) | 1984-03-05 | 1984-03-05 | Permeation membrane type distillation device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH062217B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990000928A1 (en) * | 1988-07-21 | 1990-02-08 | Wiedner Guenter | Sea water distillation device |
| JP2012115778A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-21 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | Method of obtaining purified water, and apparatus for the same |
| JPWO2013179414A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2016-01-14 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | Method and apparatus for obtaining purified water |
| US9409129B2 (en) | 2011-03-03 | 2016-08-09 | Victoria University | Heat exchange system |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101524225B1 (en) * | 2014-02-04 | 2015-05-29 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Membrane Distillation Module |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4943074A (en) * | 1972-06-16 | 1974-04-23 | ||
| JPS4945461A (en) * | 1972-09-06 | 1974-04-30 |
-
1984
- 1984-03-05 JP JP59042665A patent/JPH062217B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4943074A (en) * | 1972-06-16 | 1974-04-23 | ||
| JPS4945461A (en) * | 1972-09-06 | 1974-04-30 |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990000928A1 (en) * | 1988-07-21 | 1990-02-08 | Wiedner Guenter | Sea water distillation device |
| JP2012115778A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-21 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | Method of obtaining purified water, and apparatus for the same |
| US9409129B2 (en) | 2011-03-03 | 2016-08-09 | Victoria University | Heat exchange system |
| JPWO2013179414A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2016-01-14 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | Method and apparatus for obtaining purified water |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH062217B2 (en) | 1994-01-12 |
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