JPS6018338B2 - nozzle - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides spun yarn using fibers obtained by cutting chemical fibers such as recycled fibers, semi-synthetic fibers, or synthetic fibers into fixed or undefined lengths, natural fibers of animals and plants, or mixtures thereof. The present invention relates to a nozzle suitable for efficiently manufacturing at high speed and at low cost.

As is well known, there are a wide variety of methods for producing spun yarn, and common methods include the ring-type paper method, which forms yarn by giving real twist by rotating the package, and the mule method. There is a formula spinning method and an open-end spinning method in which the flow of short fibers is temporarily cut off without rotating the package to give a real twist to form yarn. These twisting methods differ in whether the fibers are continuous or temporarily cut.
In both cases, yarn is obtained by applying actual combustion through mechanical rotation. However, in recent years, air nozzles have begun to appear that are simple devices for false-twisting members and can provide high-speed turning.
By skillfully using airflow at the same time as thread twisting and decombustion action,
Technological means have been developed such as wrapping fiber ends with other and/or own fiber ends to obtain yarns with similar performance to ring yarns obtained by conventional ring grading processes.

A representative example of this is the “
"Fluid jet twisting method" is mentioned. This method proposes to produce a new yarn using extremely simple equipment,
Special Publication No. 43-12825 “Higashi Birch-like Thread and its Production”
The principle and part of it have already been specified. However, there are very few detailed descriptions of the air nozzle, which is the most important element for obtaining such yarn, and in particular, there is very little description of the wire warp, which is used in the largest amount as a spinning raw material.
On the other hand, one example of the structure of an air nozzle is the "fluid temporary combustion nozzle" disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-195528.

This method involves providing an air injection hole at the connection part between the 4. hanging hole and the large diameter hole, but it has the disadvantage that the turning force is uneven and the amount of air consumption is large. Of course, none of these mention the characteristics of the spun yarn at all. As a result of long-term intensive research focusing on a spinning method using fluid jet twisting using short fibers, particularly filament yarn, the present inventors have found that they can produce bound spun yarn comparable to ring yarn at high speed and with high efficiency. This led to the invention of a nozzle with revolutionary performance. Now, the present invention has the following structure in order to achieve the above-mentioned object. That is, the present invention provides a nozzle having a fluid injection hole that is opened at a starting end of a yarn outlet hole connected to a yarn introduction hole and is angled with respect to the yarn outlet hole. is provided with a small-diameter constriction portion, the constriction portion is eccentric toward the side facing the fluid injection hole, and has the following characteristics: (1) 2/No Ne<d, <7/No Ne, (0) 0
．． 25md, /d2≦0.7, (m)1/d,<6, (
W) 0<do1md・/2・1go1≦Things, (V)・mm SIS5mm, however, d,: Diameter of the aperture (mm), d2: Diameter of the starting end of the exit hole (mm) ), 1:
Length in the koji direction of the drawing part (mm), Ne: Thread count (English system), Go, Go2: Center of the thread exit hole as the ○ axis, X axis on the eccentric side, and Y perpendicular to it. Take the axes and these x axes,
This nozzle is characterized in that it satisfies the respective terms of eccentricity in the X-axis and Y-axis directions when the Y-axis is taken within the cross section of the yarn exit hole. Next, the present invention will be explained based on embodiments shown in the drawings. The figure shows only one example, and the design is not limited to this, and the design can be changed without departing from the spirit thereof. FIG. 1 is a side view of a spun yarn manufacturing apparatus using the nozzle of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a detailed axial cross-sectional view of the nozzle of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is taken along line m-m in FIG. It is a sectional view along the direction of the arrow, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are explanatory diagrams of its operation. As shown in FIG. 1, when obtaining spun yarn from short fiber yarn, the nozzle 6 of the present invention is operated between a pair of front rollers 5, 5' and a pair of delivery rollers 7, 7'.
, 5' is preferable.

More specifically, first, the matching thread 2 is pulled out from the package Y, guided to a drafting device consisting of two or more pairs of rollers, and drawn out to a desired thickness. In the same figure, 3,3'
back roller, 4, 4' set of apron devices, 5,
A draft bag layer consisting of 5' front rollers is shown. 1
The short fiber threads sent out from the pair of front rollers 5 and 5' are first subjected to the suction action of the air nozzle 6 of the present invention.
It is drawn into the inside of the yarn, but at the same time, it is subjected to a stable twisting action by the swirling fluid flow, and then it is subjected to a twisting action, and together with the discharged fluid, it becomes a bundled spun yarn 10.
It passes through a pair of delivery rollers 7 and 7' and is rolled up into a cheese package 90 by a take-up roller 8.

Of course, since the nozzle of the present invention is characterized by obtaining spun yarn at a high speed, the delivery speed of the front rollers 5, 5' exceeds 100 min. Therefore, it is possible to change from the apron system shown in the figure to another drafting device suitable for high speed, and if it is a system in which untwisted fibers are continuously supplied from the final pair of nip rollers, The nozzle of the present invention is fully applicable. The nozzle of the present invention can be used even when the fiber length exceeds 5 mm, as mentioned above, and even when using short fiber raw materials such as cotton fibers, which are around 3 molar length or less than 0.0 m long, the nozzle can be used as a ring yarn. This is an epoch-making product that allows the production of spun yarn with strong yarn strength.
The nozzle 6 of the present invention will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. The nozzle 6 basically consists of three elements: a yarn introduction hole A, a yarn exit hole B, and a fluid injection hole C. As is clear from both figures, the yarn introduction hole A It is characterized in that an extremely narrow constricted portion A' is provided at the end in a predetermined area eccentric to the central axis ○, 0 of the yarn exit hole B. Further, the fluid injection hole C needs to be eccentric to the starting end of the yarn outlet hole B and be formed as a hole, as described above. The number of false twists inserted into the yarn decreases as the opening position of the fluid injection hole C moves away from the starting end of the yarn outlet hole B and approaches the yarn exit side. It is preferable to inject the hole into an area within three times the diameter of the yarn outlet hole B from the starting end of the yarn outlet hole B connected to the yarn introduction hole A. Also, by opening the injection hole C eccentrically in the thread outlet hole B, preferably tangentially to the inner wall of the thread outlet hole, the injection hole C passes through the thread outlet hole B by swirling of the fluid flow. This is an essential condition for imparting false twist to the yarn. Further, Q shown in FIG. 2 indicates the total outflow of the fluid injection holes C. By using a beveled angle that separates the axis of the hole, a fluid such as air injected into the thread outlet hole is applied to the thread 1, and has a suction and discharge effect as well as twisting. It has an important function in helping the vehicle run smoothly.

Note that the shape of the yarn introduction hole A can be selected depending on the case in which the nozzle of the present invention is used, but when supplying non-twisted short fiber yarn as in the present invention, it is necessary to In order to concentrate the short fiber yarns, it is preferable that the shape is a conical shape that gradually expands from the constricted portion A' on the front roller side, or a combination of a conical shape and a cylindrical shape. Next, the aperture section A', which is the most important component of the present invention, will be described. The cross-sectional shape of the squeeze sound BA' is preferably circular, and its diameter d has an appropriate range depending on the thickness of the thread passing through it. d. (expressed in millimeters) must be larger than Fuhofumiyumi and smaller than Zoe e'
It's unbearable.

For example, if Ne is 36, d is 0.3 to 1.1
The reason for this is that the passing resistance when the twisted yarn passes is minimized, and the running position of the yarn at the starting end of the exit hole is determined to be the preferred position according to the present invention. The fulcrum of the rotation of the yarn rotated by the swirling flow is fixed to stabilize the rotational speed of the yarn, and the jet flows back toward the yarn introduction hole, causing the front rollers 5, 5'
This is to prevent the orientation of the fibers, which are being supplied from and being burned, from being disturbed. And, as for Ne, it is usually 36 to 10
0Ne and 36 to 4 states e are used. Therefore, in order to achieve this, the above-mentioned effects are achieved only when the diameter d of the constricted portion A' is regulated not by itself but by its relationship with the opening at the starting end of the yarn outlet hole B. When this is expressed as a value, d, / must be in the range of 0.25 or more and 0.7 or less. In other words, if the diameter of the opening at the starting end of the yarn exit hole exceeds four times the diameter of the constriction part hole d, the swirling force applied to the yarn 10 traveling through the nozzle 6 becomes unstable, and the number of twists applied to the yarn becomes large. fluctuates or declines during Similarly, when the diameter is less than 1.43 (1/0.7), turning force is recognized, but the jet air tends to flow back to the yarn introduction hole A side, so the short fibers supplied from the front roller 5.5' If the above range is exceeded, it will cause unfavorable results such as fluctuations in the number of firings and a decrease in the number of combustions during the middle of the process, and a tendency to cause the rollers to become entangled. It turns out. Moreover, it is essential that this drawing capital A' be eccentric with respect to the yarn exit hole B. In other words, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the center 〇, 0' adjacent to the center of the constricted portion A' is biased with respect to the central axis ○, 0 of the yarn exit hole B, and the direction of the bias is It must be on the side opposite to the position of the hole where the injection hole C enters the yarn outlet hole B. This is shown in the drawing.

Now, at the starting machine of the yarn outlet hole B, the pulp of the yarn outlet hole ○,
If a bacterium PQRS is placed perpendicular to 0 (Figures 4 and 5), and an axis XX passing through the 0 axis and perpendicular to the parallel component of the injection hole C to the plane and an axis YY parallel to the plane are provided on the plane. , aperture part A
The center axis ○', 0 of 5), it is essential that this semicircle PQROP be provided within the position corresponding to the first and second quadrants).

In other words, the center of the aperture part is a semicircle RSPOR from point R to point S passing through point P (third and fourth quadrants).
It must not be inside. The reason for this is that, in order to stabilize the turning force applied to the yarn, a fulcrum is formed on the yarn at the constricted portion A', and the product of the length of the crank arm of the yarn and the pressure of the jet air (described later) is This is to keep it as constant as possible.
That is, in a region where the swirling force obtained by the jetting air is extremely strong, the constriction section is installed with an opening so that the distance between the point of action and the fulcrum (constriction section) of the yarn is shortened. FIG. 5 shows the pressure distribution in the vicinity where the fluid injection hole C closes to the yarn outlet hole B, and the radial arrows centered on the ○ point shown in FIG. This is the pressure distribution acting on the inner wall surface of the hole, and this value and the aperture center axis ○'
, 0', and the length of the crank arm is as constant as possible, so that the yarn stays in the negative pressure area seen in the fourth quadrant shown in Figure 5. In order to avoid the eccentricity of ○' with respect to 0,
> 0), each x axis should be selected (Figures 4 and 5).
figure). Of course, the amount of eccentricity with respect to the Y axis and the
There is a limit to this, and even on the individual side, the inner wall surface of the outlet hole must not be exceeded by the constricted part. Therefore, when the central axis of the constriction part is circular, it is preferable to provide it at least d,/ra from the inner wall surface of the starting end (hole diameter) of the outlet hole. In other words. <Go. ≦Toru, 1go21≦Original. Further, the center of the yarn introduction hole A with respect to the constricted portion A' is preferably the same D from the viewpoint of thread passageability and the manufacturing of the nozzle, but is not particularly limited. Note that the length 1 in the steel direction of the constricted part is related to the hole diameter of the constricted end A' since the condition is that the thread can proceed smoothly from the yarn introduction hole to the constricted part, but it is not preferable that it is long. In order to achieve the above-mentioned effect, it is sufficient that the length 1 is 6 or less expressed as 1/d, and in practice it depends on the thickness of the thread passing through, but roughly speaking, the length 1 is 1 mm or more 5 mm or less is sufficient.If 1 exceeds the 5 side, thread breakage is likely to occur, and if it is less than the 1 side, the abrasion of the constriction part may occur and uneven twisting is likely to occur.The advantages of the nozzle of the present invention are as follows. Since the twisting force is strong and stable in 1, high-speed spinning of 150 min is possible using one nozzle, and the resulting yarn depends on the thickness distribution in the middle direction of the supplied fibers. Although it has a binding yarn or a unique binding yarn shape, its strength properties are comparable to those of ring-spun yarn. No need to add.

The second is that there are almost no restrictions on the fiber length of the raw material. Any material can be spun, from materials with a short average fiber length such as cotton to materials with a long average fiber length such as wool. In addition to these natural fibers, the type of fibers may be staple fibers made of synthetic fibers or blended raw materials, but from the physical properties of the yarn obtained, raw materials containing synthetic fibers are preferred. is preferred. However, there is no need for any auxiliary means for thread formation, such as adhesion, and there are therefore no restrictions on raw materials in this sense. The third goal is to significantly reduce energy costs.

Generally, air nozzles have the disadvantage of high running costs due to high air consumption, but as mentioned above, the nozzle of the present invention has the constriction section installed in an area where stable swirling force can be obtained, resulting in A sufficient number of twists can be obtained with a small amount of fluid and low fluid pressure. However, when burning the yarn using this nozzle, it goes without saying that the twisting effect can be further enhanced by overfeeding the yarn and keeping the yarn under relatively weak tension.

Fourthly, the scope of use of the nozzle is not limited to the spinning of short fibers as described in Section 2, but is also possible for high-speed spinning of core yarns, composite yarns of open twill filaments and short fibers, etc. .

Furthermore, it can be widely applied to the twisting and untwisting of general yarn materials such as continuous filament yarn, and in that case, the shape of the yarn introduction hole A is as follows.
Sufficient performance can be obtained with a simple cylindrical shape without a conical portion as shown in FIG. Example 1 In order to compare the twisting force of a normal nozzle in which the yarn passage hole is coaxial and a nozzle of the present invention in which the constriction portion is offset D with respect to the yarn exit hole,
150 polyester filament threads (10 plates - 7 pieces)
The number of twists inserted into the filament yarn was measured by supplying the filament yarn at a minimum of 100 mm.

In this case, the yarn overfeed ratio between the nip rollers was 4%, and the fluid injection hole diameter and injection angle were the same for both rollers. The above-mentioned polyester filament yarns to be twisted are black spun dyed yarn and regular 5 plate-3 yarn, respectively.
Two 6f wires were used to facilitate measurement of the number of twists. The results are shown in the table below. Table 1 According to this embodiment, the number of twists inserted into the yarn is approximately the same as that of the conventional nozzle, with only a small amount of twisting, as shown in the table above.

Not only was it possible to reduce the amount of air consumed by 30% in large and medium quantities, it also had excellent stability in the number of twists. Example 2 Yarns were spun from rovings or slivers using the nozzle of the invention.

A three-wire apron draft device was used for roving feeding, and a four-wire apron draft device was used for sliver feeding.

In addition, the short fibers of the above-mentioned rovings or slivers are made to have a thickness distribution in the middle direction asymmetrical with respect to the central axis by means of a medium regulation guide provided in the draft zone, and are arranged along the front bottom roller surface. It was introduced into the invention nozzle and burned in a direction that pulled the fibers on the thinner side of the fleece away from the bottom roller. Table 2 shows the grading conditions and yarn properties for the three types of yarn, and the nozzle dimensions were changed depending on the respective counts and raw materials. Table 2 According to this example, the obtained yarn has a substantially untwisted fiber bundle surrounded by a group of fibers with a weak real twist to form a core portion, and a group of single fibers around the outer periphery of the core portion. It was a binding thread with a unique form that could be called a three-layer structure, as it seemed to wrap around itself at random angles.

As is clear from the yarn quality in Table 2, all yarns could be used in the post-process without any trouble.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 5 relate to the present invention; FIG. 1 is a side view of a spun yarn manufacturing apparatus using the nozzle of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a detailed axial cross-sectional view of the nozzle; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line mm in FIG. 2 in the direction of the arrow. FIGS. 4 and 5 are explanatory views of the operation of the nozzle. 6...Nozzle, 8...Take-up roller, 9
...Cheese package, A... Yarn introduction hole, B... Yarn exit hole, C... Fluid injection hole. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a nozzle having a fluid injection hole opened eccentrically with respect to the yarn outlet hole at the starting end of the yarn outlet hole connected to the yarn introduction hole, the end of the yarn introduction hole 1. A nozzle, characterized in that a small-diameter diaphragm portion is provided, the ridge portion is eccentric toward a side facing the fluid injection hole, and satisfies the following formula. (I) 2/√(Ne)<d_1<7/√(Ne)(II)
0.25≦(d_1)/(d_2)≦0.7(III)l
/d_1<6(IV)0<ε_1≦(d_1)/2, |ε
＿2｜≦(d_1)/2(V)1mm≦l≦5
mm However, d_1: Diameter of the constricted part d_2: Diameter of the hole at the starting end of the exit hole (mm) l: Length in the axial direction of the constricted part (mm) Ne: Thread count of the yarn (
(English style) ε_1, ε_2: With the center of the yarn exit hole as the O axis, the X axis is on the eccentric side, and the Y axis is perpendicular to it.
The amount of eccentricity in the X-axis and Y-axis directions when the shaft is set within the cross section of the yarn exit hole.