JPS60177349A - Electrophotographic sensitive body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve mechanical durability, such as abrasion resistance and cleaning resistance, without impairing the stability of photoelectric conversion function, etc., by using a photosensitive layer contg. melamine isocyanurate as a surface layer. CONSTITUTION:A photosensitive layer contg. melamine isocyanurate is formed as a surface layer, and such a photosensitive body may be any of a single layer type and a functionally separated laminated layer type, so long as the surface layer contains said compd. A preferable average particle diameter of isocyanurate is about 20mum, and said particles have a function as a solid lubricant. The addition of it to the photosensitive layer permits the mechanical durability of the photosensitive body, such as abrasion and cleaning resistances and surface lubricity to be improved without impairing stability of electric characteristics, such as sensitivity and repetition stability of photoelectric conversion function.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a photoreceptor for electrophotography.

1111flE Copy 1 Currently used electrophotographic photoreceptors (hereinafter referred to as PPC photoreceptors)6 have different characteristics such as sensitivity, electrical characteristics, and optical characteristics depending on the electrophotographic process used, as well as stable image quality. Repetition resistance, abrasion resistance, cleaning resistance, etc., which have a large effect on performance, are also required as important properties.

Stable high image quality f! In order to obtain this, it is necessary not only to have good process stability and repetition stability of the photoconductor's photoelectric conversion function, but also to ensure that the surface of the photoconductor has sufficient mechanical durability to be used in the cleaning system in the copying machine, etc. required to have.

In recent years, copying machines have become smaller and faster, and as a result, the mechanisms inside the machines have become simpler, the parts used have become simpler, and the mechanical durability required of photoreceptors has also increased. Must be increased.

The area where the photoreceptor is subjected to the most mechanical damage in a copying machine is in the cleaning system, and especially when a two-component iron carrier developer and a blade cleaning system are used together, the photoreceptor is exposed to the harshest mechanical environment. It is easily damaged, and stable image quality may not be obtained.

In order to make the surface of the photoreceptor less susceptible to such mechanical damage, many technical studies have been conducted to modify the surface of the photoreceptor.

In a PPC photoreceptor having a resin surface layer, the mechanical durability of the resin in the surface layer is an important factor in obtaining stable image quality.

In the field of resin surface coating technology, various solid fillers or lubricants are added to the resin layer in order to increase the mechanical strength and smoothness of the coated surface or to reduce surface frictional resistance. It is well known that it can be added to improve the properties of the coated surface.

However, in the case of PPC photoreceptors, even if additives are added to increase the mechanical strength or smoothness of the coated surface, the electrical characteristics such as the sensitivity of the photoreceptor and the repeated stability of the photoelectric conversion function do not deteriorate. is necessary. In particular, most photoreceptors in which a resin layer contributes to charge carrier transport ability, such as those using poly-N-vinylcarbazole or its derivatives, polymers doped with charge carrier transport substances, conductive solid films, etc. In some cases, additives added to increase mechanical durability may reduce the charge carrier transport ability and sensitivity of the photoreceptor, or may cause adverse effects such as residual m(i'7 becoming 1-sir) during repeated use. .

In the present invention, the photosensitive layer containing isocyanurate has electrical properties such as sensitivity and stability of photoelectric conversion function. 'l'.

Melamine isocyanurate is a highly crystalline powdery substance made by bonding melamine and isocyanurate through hydrogen bonds, and is available from Yuka Melamine Co., Ltd.
It is sold for 11N after the product name.

Melamine isocyanurate is known as a solid lubricant, but it is similar to many other solid lubricants, and even when added to the photosensitive layer, it does not affect the photoreceptor's sensitivity Io' or photogravitational conversion (511).
1. Lh E for the electrical characteristics such as the performance period and repetition stability.
L7 has excellent properties that can significantly improve the mechanical durability such as abrasion resistance and cleaning resistance of the photoreceptor and the surface j(iγn properties) while eliminating the influence of itQ.The present invention takes advantage of this new fact. It was made based on the discovery.

The content of melamine isocyanurate in the photosensitive layer is 0.1 to 90% by weight of the binder resin forming the photosensitive layer.
, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight. The shape and particle size of the melamine isocyanurate powder differ depending on the manufacturing method, but for the purpose of the present invention, 2 fl /
Those having an average particle diameter of 1 m or more are effective. When melamine isocyanurate is used in combination with silicone oil or other lubricating oil, the synergistic effect of these oils improves the mechanical durability of the photoreceptor in terms of FFM.

The photoreceptor of the present invention may be either an intermediate layer type photoreceptor or a geometrically separated layered photoreceptor, and the object of the present invention can be achieved as long as at least the surface layer contains melamine isocyanurate.

Any well-known photoconductive material may be used as the photoconductive material.
For example, inorganic photoconductive materials such as selenium, selenium-tellurium alloy, selenium-arsenic alloy, cadmium sulfide, poly-N-
Vinyl carbazole and its derivatives, copper phthalocyanine, azo thread pigment, disazo pigment, trisazo pigment, cyanine pigment, anthraquinone βn additive, perylene n
Organic photoconductive materials such as n-based materials, biryllium salts, thioindigo, quinacridone, etc. are used.

If the generation and transport of charge carriers in the photosensitive layer are shared by separate substances, well-known charge carrier transport substances may optionally be used, such as pyrazoles, pyrazole,
Derivatives of heterocyclic compounds such as pyrazoline, oxadiazole, thiazole, imidazole, hydrazone derivatives, triphenylmethane derivatives, etc. are used.

Examples of the binder resin used for forming the photosensitive layer include polyester resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin,
Phenoxy resin, polycarbonate resin, silicone resin, fluororesin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, etc. are used.

As the conductive support for the photoreceptor, for example, a metal plate or foil made of aluminum or the like, a plastic film coated with a metal such as aluminum, or paper treated with conductivity is used.

Example 1 Perylene pigment (trade name 1- Novoperm Red
ILL J, manufactured by Hoechst) 3 parts Fη tree 11 FI (Product name r P K IT H
-1, manufactured by Union Carbide Co.) 1 part dioxicine 96 parts The above bone was ground in a ball mill, mixed to make 1 Jlil, a dispersion was applied onto an aluminum-deposited polyester film using a wire bar, and dried. Then, a charge carrier generation layer having a thickness of 1 μm was formed. Next, on this charge carrier generation layer, the following components were uniformly mixed in a Peintraacre and a cleaved dispersion was applied and dried to form a 10 μm charge carrier transport layer, thereby forming a functionally separated M4 layer. Created an evil light.

BoIJ-N-vinylcarbazole (trade name r'Tuvi)
col 21+l J, Ili Minami Sangyosha II C 1 (
) Part polyester tree III (Product name 1^P IE 0
1-1, Dainippon Ink & Chemicals Co., Ltd. > 0.4 parts Melamine isocyanurate (trade name rMCAJ, manufactured by Yuka Melamine Co., Ltd.) 1 part m'-terphenyl 2.5 parts Toluene/tetrahydrofuran (1/1) mixture Solvent 1
00 parts Separately from this photoreceptor, for comparison, a photoreceptor without MCA added was prepared according to the above example.

In order to examine the sensitivity, stability of photoelectric conversion function, and mechanical durability of each photoreceptor during repeated use, each photoreceptor was attached to an Oka paper copying machine, and this copying machine was used to perform l 0
00 (One sheet was continuously copied, and changes in the electrical characteristics of the photoreceptor and changes in the quality of the copied image were measured before and after the start and end of the continuous copying. The characteristics were measured by the following method: Using an electrostatic copying paper test bag fi'i' (trade name rsP428J manufactured by Kawanichi Denki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), the photoreceptor was first exposed to a corona of 16 KV in a dark place. It was charged by discharge, then exposed to white light with an illuminance of 5 lux, and the time 17 Jl (seconds) until the surface potential decreased to half of the initial surface potential Vo (V) was measured, and the sensitivity IF, +A (lux. Also, the photoreceptor was charged by corona discharge at 16 KV in a dark place, and then
The residual potential V^tr (V) was measured after exposure for 15 seconds to white light with an illuminance of lux. These results are the first
He raised it to the barley.

Table 1 Example 2 Perylene pigment (trade name L' Novoperm Red)
BLJ) 5.5 III BoIJ-N-vinylcarbazole (trade name rTuvicol 2]OJ)
16.4 parts Polyester resin (product name: Vylon
200 J, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) 1.0 parts m = Terphenyl 4.1 parts Mixed solvent (Toluene/Dioxane/Tetrahydrofuran = 19.6/19.6/1.0) 280 parts r M
CA J 1.6 ftB The above ingredients were uniformly dispersed in a glass bead mill to form a dispersion liquid, and the dry film thickness was 10Iz on an aluminum substrate.
A single-layer type photoreceptor was prepared by coating with a wire bar so as to have a thickness of m and drying.

Separately from this photoreceptor, for comparison, a photoreceptor without MCA added was prepared according to the above example.

The characteristics of each photoreceptor were measured according to Example 1, and the results are listed in Table 2.

Table 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] A photoreceptor for electrophotography, characterized in that it has a photosensitive layer containing melamine isocyanate as a surface layer.