JPS60174093A - Semiconductor motor driven by one phase position detection output - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To drive a semiconductor motor efficiently with a simple configuration by controlling an armature current by one phase position detection electric signal obtained by the rotation of a magnet rotor. CONSTITUTION:When a positive input is applied from a terminal 21a, the output of an OR circuit 22a conducts through inverter a transistor 6a. Further, the output of an OR circuit 22e conducts a transistor 6e. Accordingly, the armature coils 2a, 2b coupled in Y-connection are energized. Then, when a positive input is applied from terminals 21b, 21c, armature coils 2b, 2c and 2c, 2a are sequentially energized, and a magnet rotor is rotated in the prescribed direction as a 3-phase stepping motor corresponding to the energization.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention controls an armature current using an l-phase position detection electric signal obtained by rotation of a Macnet rotor, and
The present invention relates to a semiconductor motor that drives a phase motor.

It is well known that a semiconductor motor requires a plurality of phases and six position detection signals corresponding to the number of phases of the machine coil. Furthermore, the Stebbing motor does not require the above-mentioned position detection signal and is characterized in that it can obtain continuous rotational torque.

In the former case, the rotational torque is large and the efficiency is good, but on the other hand, the structure is confusing and expensive. In particular, the use of a position sensing element such as a Hall element has the disadvantage that it cannot be used when the temperature rises.

In the latter case, there is a long FI that simplifies the configuration, but on the other hand, reverse torque is mixed in every step due to the input electric signal, so there is a serious drawback that the efficiency is significantly degraded.

It also has the disadvantage of generating vibrations.

In the former case, several methods have already been developed to obtain drive torque from the l-phase position detection signal, but all of them have various drawbacks such as deterioration of efficiency, decrease in drive torque, and decrease in starting torque. Currently, it is limited to special applications such as shoulder, shoulder, and small, low-output fan motors.

Furthermore, in the case of compressor motors used in room coolers, induction motors are currently used, or semiconductor motors are being adopted to increase efficiency and reduce size. However, in such a case, when using an induction motor, only three lead wires are required for the three-phase field coil, so it is better to supply power through three hermetically sealed lead-out terminals from a motor that is sealed together with the refrigerant. . However, in the case of a semiconductor motor, for example, in the case of a three-phase Y-connected armature coil, in addition to the three hermetic seal lead-out terminals used for power supply, three additional terminals are used to derive the position detection signal. The well-known semiconductor VG, VITH
Using a machine is an isolated reality. It also has the feature of simplifying the configuration when used in a spindle motor or the like that drives a floppy disk.

Furthermore, the device of the present invention is characterized in that it has a standard configuration that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks and preserves only the advantages. Next, the details will be explained one by one for each example.

What is shown in FIG. 1 is an example of an armature current distribution circuit for armature coils 2a, 2b, and 2c of a well-known three-phase semiconductor motor.

In Fig. 1, the symbols E, F, and G are three-phase phase detection devices, and for example, the Hall output of the magnetic rotor with =i is utilized by a Hall element fixed in a % manner. . These outputs are shaped into rectangular waves and output from output terminals 1, 2.3, which are shown as electric signals 8a, $b, 9a, 9b, 10a, and tub, respectively, in the time chart of FIG. ing. These maintain a phase difference of 120 electrical degrees with each other.

The position sensing device can also obtain the above-mentioned electrical signals by other known means.

The outputs of terminals 1, 2.3 are inverting circuits 4a, 4b.

As shown, with or without 4C,
It is input to AND circuits 5a, 5bl...5f.

Therefore, the output of the AND circuit 5a becomes like the electrical signals 11a and llb in the time chart of FIG. 2, and the pulse 1J
is 120 degrees in electrical angle. The distance between noculus is 24
1, which is 0 degrees, the above-mentioned angle display from now on will be displayed in all electrical angles.

The outputs of the other AND circuits 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, and 5f are electrical signals 12a and 12a, respectively, in the time chart of FIG.
12b and 13a and 14a, 14b and 15a, 15
b, 16a, and 16b.

Due to the action of the inverting circuits 4 dz 4 e and 4 f, the transistor 6 a is activated via the inverting circuits 4 d, 4 e, and 4 f only while the AND circuits 5 a -, 5 b -, and 5 c have outputs.
146b and 6c are conductive, and AND circuit 5d
.

5e, "transistor 6d only while there is an output of 5f.

5e and □f are respectively conductive. Symbol 7 is connected to the positive voltage terminal. Me number 7b is a negative voltage terminal.

Electrical control is performed to generate driving torque and rotation. x
The same effect can be obtained even if the i-coils 2a, 2b, and 2c are Δ-connected and energized in the same way.

The above explanation is an explanation of the rotation principle of a well-known three-phase semi-volume electric motor, and it goes without saying that the armature'* flow is distributed by the three-phase phase l1lj detection output, and drive torque is generated. are doing.

The device of the present invention is characterized in that the phase detection output is l-phase, and is composed of electrical signal pulses.

Next, the principle of rotation will be explained.

In Fig. 3, when there is a positive input from terminal 21a,
The output of the OR circuit 22a conducts the transistor 6a through an inverting circuit, and the output of the OR circuit 22e makes the transistor 6a conductive.
Transistor 6e is turned on. Therefore, the Y-connected armature coils 2a and 2b are electrically connected. This fact corresponds to the energization of the 1C armature coils 2a and 2b with the same symbol in Fig. 1, and in the time chart of Fig. 2, the electric plate coils 11a and 1.5a Energized open side 1
corresponds to what has been done. Terminals 21a, 2 in FIG.
1b, ..., 21f ゛ input terminal No. 8 is terminal 5b a% 5b b , ..., 5ti in Fig. 8
The details of these will be described later, but when there is an output from the terminal 56a, the armature coils 2a and 2b are energized, and when there is an output from the terminal 56b, the or The transistor 6a becomes conductive via the output of the circuit 22a, and the transistor 6f becomes conductive via the OR circuit 22f. Therefore, armature coils 2a, 2C
is energized. This fact corresponds to the energization of the armature coils 2a and 2c with the same symbol in Fig. 1, so it means that the energization of the armature coils was controlled by the electric signals 11a and 16a in the time chart of Fig. 2. corresponds to

Terminals 56c, 56d in Fig. 8 with exactly the same main pickle,
56e.

When the positive output is switched to 56f, the OR circuit 22b1
*m child coil (2b12
c) →(2a, 2.b)+ (2c, 2a)−+ (
2b, 2c,) are energized in the primary order. This fact is +
j141 Transistor (6b, 5f) → (6b, 6
This corresponds to the conduction of d)→(6c, 6d)−+(6c, 6e). Therefore, the electricity in the time chart in Figure 2 (No.
2a, 16a) −+ (12a, 14a) → (14a
, 13a)→(13a, 15'b) corresponds to the energization of the armature coil. Therefore, the magnetic rotor can rotate in the t5+ constant direction as a three-phase stevening motor.

The terminal 21 in FIG. 3 is motivated by the above-mentioned stepping.
The input of a, 21 b, -, , , 21f is the fourth
This can be obtained by the -air circuit shown in Figure (b). In FIG. 4(b), when the electric switch 7a is closed, an oscillating electric pulse is output from the terminal 23a of the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) 23 via the positive voltage terminal 7 and the transistor 25a. Moreover, the capacitor 24 is
It is charged via the resistor 24a, and since this charging voltage gradually increases, the pulse interval of the output electric pulses at the terminal 23a gradually decreases. The output of the terminal 23a is input to the input terminal of a link counter (not shown), and six outputs are obtained in sequence, and these outputs are input to the terminals 21a, 21b, . . . in FIG. 3.
. . , are respectively input to 21f. Therefore, it can be started as a stevening motor.

Since the frequency of the output electric pulses from the terminals 2:3a is set to gradually increase in accordance with the output torque and load of the electric motor, smooth startup can be achieved.

When the rotation speed reaches 300 revolutions per minute, the voltage of the capacitor 24 in FIG. 4(b) reaches the preset reference voltage terminal 24.
Since it becomes equal to c, the output of the comparator circuit 24b changes to high level. Therefore, transistor 25a becomes non-conductive and oscillation stops. At the same time, the oscillation circuit 8)3 is activated. This effect will be described later.

In the time chart of Fig. 2, electric signals (8a, 8
b), (9a, 9b), (10a, 1Ub), and if we obtain the differential pulses on both sides of each of the rectangular wave voltages and make them positive pulses, we get symbols 17 B, 17 b...
..., and the interval is 60 degrees.

As mentioned above, the electrical signals (11a, 11b), (12
a, 12b), (13a), (14aX14b),
(15a, 15b), (16a, 16b), the driving torque is generated by using the transistors 5a, 5b, . . . in FIG. 1 to rotate the electric pulse signal 17a, 17b, . . ., the transistors (6a, 6e)
-)(6a, 6f)-+(6f, 6b)-+, exactly the same energization control of the armature coil is performed,
It is possible to construct a semiconductor electric motor that rotates while obtaining driving torque in one direction. Therefore, the electric pulse 17as1
As 7bs..., one-phase position detection electric pulse is received from a separately provided position detection device (for example, a device described later with reference to FIG. 5), and an electric circuit described later with reference to FIG. 8 is controlled. Its output terminal 56a156b1...
The output of 5bf is connected to terminals 21a, 21b and 21b in Fig. 3.
. . . When input to 21f, as described above, it can be started as a stepping motor first and then operated as a semiconductor motor.

The details of the above-mentioned driving torque will be explained using the crankshaft 7 shown in FIG. 4(a).

In FIG. 4(a), the output torque curve by the armature coil 2a is indicated by the symbol 25.25a, and the dotted line 25a indicates the case where the armature coil 2a is energized in the opposite direction.

The output torque curves due to armature coils 2b, 2c are denoted by symbols 26.26a and 27.27a, respectively1,
The curves with the suffix a are shown as dotted lines, indicating that the respective armature coils are energized in opposite directions.

When an electric pulse is input to the terminal 21a in FIG. 3 at the point lfM28a, the armature coil 2a12b is energized, and the forward and reverse torques are balanced and stopped at the dotted line 28c. Next, when an electric pulse is input to the terminal 21b, the armature coils 2a and 2c are energized, so that the forward and reverse torques are balanced and stopped at the point indicated by the dotted line 28d.

In this way, the stepping motor moves by 60 degrees each time one electric pulse is sequentially input to the terminals 21a, 21b, . . . .

Also, dotted line 2g a, 28 b%...28
At the point f, electric pulses 17a, 17 of each prefecture 2 figure
The terminals 21a, 21 are connected sequentially in correspondence to b, .
b, ......, the armature coil to be energized is 2aX 2'' → 2aN 2 c-
+2 bs 2 c-+2 a, 2'b-+20N2a
→2b, 2'c→ are alternated cyclically.

An unaligned armature coil is energized in the opposite direction.

Therefore, as mentioned above, it rotates as a Y-type three-phase semiconductor motor.

The electric pulses 17a, 17b, . . . serve as l-phase position detection signals, and the means for obtaining them will be explained with reference to FIG.

FIG. 5(a) is a developed view of the magnet rotor 42 and armature coil. Armature coils of the same phase are connected in series.

The magnet rotor 42 has four NX S poles, and the rotor 43 that rotates synchronously therewith is made of mild steel and has protrusions 43a, 43bs at equal intervals of 0 degrees.
... is provided and rotates in the direction of arrow H.

A coil 44 is fixed at a position facing the protrusion 43aN43b%, and is supplied with a high frequency current (1 to
5 mechanical cycles), copper loss and eddy current loss occur in the protrusion 43a made of annealed copper, and the inductance of the coil 44 decreases. Due to this phenomenon,
Since the high frequency current changes, this change can be used as a position detection signal. 5(b) instead of the rotor 43.
) can also be used. A rotor 43 made of a mild steel plate that rotates synchronously with the wholesale magnet rotor 42 is provided, and cutout portions 43 a , 43 b , .
... will be established. A coil coil 53a having a length of about 10 turns is fixedly provided to the main body opposite to the notches 43a, 43b, . The output of the oscillation circuit 5:3 is several mechanical cycles, but oscillation occurs only when the notches 43a143'o1... face the coil 53a, and other parts of the rotor 43 made of mild steel plate When they face each other, oscillation stops due to iron loss and eddy current loss. Therefore, by rectifying and shaping the output of the oscillation output terminal 53b, the above-mentioned protrusions 43a, 43b, . . .
The same purpose as . . . can be achieved by applying the position detecting means shown in FIG. 5(b) to the magnetic rotor of the aresmi motor to obtain the detection signal.

The magnet rotor 42 is made of an annular ferrite magnet, and the bottom surface of a cylinder 43 made of mild steel is attached to the bottom surface of the magnet rotor 42.(b) A rotating shaft 41 is fixed to the cylinder 43. Although the armature is fixed to the main body so as to face the upper surface of the magnet rotor 42, it is omitted from illustration.

The cylinder 43 corresponds to the member with the same symbol in FIG. 5(b).

The coil 53 is inserted into the circular hole 43as43b,...
a is facing.

With the above configuration, a position detection signal can be obtained depending on the rotation of the magnet rotor 42.

The circular holes 43 as 43 bs may be provided on the back surface of the cylinder 43 with an opening angle of Indian degrees.

When the coil 44 or the coil 53a faces the protrusion or notch 4:ta, 43bt, etc., the electric pulses 17a, 17b, etc. in FIG. 2 are generated.
For example, if the configuration is such that a one-phase position detection signal is obtained at a position corresponding to
The position may correspond to the position of a % 28 b % .

Therefore, as described above, it can be rotated as a three-phase semiconductor t# machine.

In case of large output, transistors 6a, 6b.

. . . can use SCR. Further, at this time, the output torque can be increased by using an electromagnet instead of a permanent magnet as the magnet rotor.

If a one-phase position detection signal is used, the rotation direction will be unstable and self-starting will not be possible, but as shown in Figure 3.4 (b)
) and as described above with respect to FIG.
(shown with the same symbol in Fig. 5(b)) operates as described above, a one-phase position detection signal is obtained,
It can rotate as a three-phase semiconductor motor.

Next, referring to FIG. 8, the terminals 21a and 2jb in FIG. 3.

. . . The electrical signal input to 21f will be explained.

In Figure 8, the terminal! >88% b8 bs b8
The c O input is connected to the terminals 76 a % 76 b in Fig. 3.
-, 7bc output. Also terminal 56a156
The outputs of b156c, ..., 56f are the terminals 21a-, 21b, 21C%-'', 21 in
~ are respectively input to f.

A position detection signal obtained by the device shown in FIG. 5 is inputted from the terminal 5b to the SCR (control rectifier) 55a.

55b1... serves as a gate input.

As mentioned above, the armature coil is 2a, 2b → 2a12
c→2b12c→2a12b→2c12a→2b, 2c
To be energized cyclically with →11 countries－■■■－■
-1 Since the output of the terminal 76a in FIG. 3 is positive and the output of the terminal 76b is negative, the input to the terminal 58& in FIG. 8 is positive.

The input to terminal 58b becomes negative. Also, since the input of the AND circuit 54a via the resistor 57b becomes negative, the output of the AND circuit 54a becomes a positive output. The output torque at this time is the sum of the portion of the torque curve 27.26a between the dotted line 28a and Z8f in the graph of FIG. 4(a).

At this time, when an electric pulse is input from the terminal 55 in FIG. 8 at the position of the one-dot line 28a, the SC 55a becomes conductive and an output is obtained from the terminal 56a, and this output is transmitted to the terminal 55 in FIG. 21a, so the armature coil 2a
, 2t) are energized.

At the same time, the positive voltage via the resistor 57a is applied to the AND circuit 54.
f, its output disappears, and the output of the terminal 56f, that is, the input of the terminal 21f disappears.Therefore, the energization of the armature coils 2b and 2c is stopped.

Also, at this time, the AND circuits 541), 54Q,
54d.

The output of 548 must be at a low level.

Next, I will explain it.

Transistors 6a, 6b, ac, . . . in FIG.

When 6f is out of conduction and the motor is rotating due to external force or mechanism inertia, each armature coil 2a.

Induction outputs are obtained at 2b and 2Q. Terminal 7 in Figure 3
When the induced voltages between C and terminals 76a, 76kl, and 760 are shown by curves with symbols 25C, 260, and 270,
The curves have the same symbols as those in the graph of FIG. 4(a). That is, the torque curves are curves obtained by inverting the dotted lines 25a, 26a, and 27a downward. In the case described above, the reason why the input to the terminal 58a is positive is because the above-mentioned induced output is positive. Terminal 580 for AND circuit 54b
Since the input to the gate is a positive input at the point indicated by the dotted line 28a, the output of the AND circuit 54b becomes a low level.

The input from terminal 58C to AND circuit 54C is also point #
Since the point 28a is a positive input, the output of the AND circuit 54C also becomes low level.

The input of the terminal 581) to the AND circuit 54d is
Since the armature coil 2b is energized in the opposite direction, it is negative, so the output of the AND circuit 5411 is at a low level.

Since the inputs of the terminals 58a and 58a to the AND circuit 54e are positive, the neutral power of the AND circuit 54e is at a low level.

The positive and negative inputs to each AND circuit are terminal 7 in Figure 3.
It corresponds to the voltage of C.

As explained above, the AND circuit 541), 540°5
Since the outputs of SCs 4d and 54e are held at a low level, even if an electric pulse is input from the terminal 55 at the dotted line 28a, the SCs 55b, 55C, . . . , 55
e is not conductive. Also, one input of the AND circuit 54f is
Since the positive output is inputted through the resistor 57a, the output changes to low level and the output of the terminal 56f also disappears. Therefore, only the output of the terminal 56a, and this positive output, makes the transistors 6a and 6e of FIG. 3 conductive.
The armature coils 2a and 2b are energized, and a torque between the dotted lines 28a and 2811 of the torque curve 25, 26& in FIG. 4(a) is generated.

When an electric pulse is input at the point indicated by the dotted line 28t), the terminal 5
8a is positive, the terminal 5800A force is negative, and the input via the resistor 57C is negative, so the output of the AND circuit 54b is positive, the SC circuit 55b becomes conductive, and the terminal 561)
Since the positive output of is inputted to the terminal 211) in FIG. 3, the armature coils 2a and 2d are energized. At the same time, the positive output via the resistor 571 causes the AND circuit 541 to
Since the output of L becomes low level, the output of terminal 56a disappears.

That is, energization of armature coils 2a and 2b is stopped.

At this time, K, 77 circuits 54c, 54d, 54
e.

54f is a negative input at terminal 58b, a negative input at terminal 581), a positive input at terminal 58a,
Since it is energized by the negative input of the terminal 580, the output of each AND circuit becomes a low level, and by the input of the electric pulse of the terminal 55, 5CR55C, 55d, 55e
, 55f are never conductive.

Next, at the point indicated by the dotted line 280, an electric pulse is applied from the terminal 55, and S
The armature coil 55C is conductive and the positive output of the terminal 56C is input to the terminal 210 in FIG. 3, so the armature coil 2kl,
20 is energized. At the same time, the positive output via the resistor 57C is input to the AND circuit 54b, so that the output disappears, the output from the terminal 56b disappears, and the energization of the armature coils 2a and 2c is stopped. At this time, one input of each of the AND circuits 54d, 54e, 54f, and 54a is the positive input of the terminal 58a, and the positive input of the terminal 58a.
Since it is energized by the positive input of a, the negative input of terminal 58C, and the positive input of terminal 581), the output of each AND circuit becomes a low level, and the electric pulse input of terminal 55 &? l
jsu, S CR, 55d, 55e, 55f,
s5a is never conductive.

Next, the input electrical pulses to the terminal 55 that arrive sequentially are the points?
1128d, 28e, 28f
In the same case, the AND circuit 54 (1, 54
The outputs of 8°54f are sequentially converted to positive outputs, and the outputs of the other AND circuits become low level. Therefore, the armature coils are 2a, 2b-+2c, 2a-+2b
.

It is cyclically energized as 2C→ and rotates as a Y-type connected semiconductor motor.

The grounding point in Fig. 3.8 has a value midway between the positive and negative voltage terminals 7° and 7b.

S CIL ssa , s5b , . . . , 55f can be replaced by a well-known means of combining PNP type and NPN type transistors.

The electric circuit shown in FIG. 8 also has the following characteristics.

Curves 25, 25&, . . . in the graph of FIG. 4(a)
... is a torque curve, but this curve may be considered as a back electromotive force of each armature coil, that is, an induced output curve. That is, curves 25, 25& are induced output curves by armature coil 2a, and curves 26, 26a and 27, 27a are induced output curves by armature coils 2'b, 2C, respectively. 4. Therefore, when the magnet rotor 42 is rotated without supplying power supply voltage, the terminals 76a, 76b,
Output song # of 76c (shown in Figure 3), Figure 4 (a)
This is the exact same graph.

However, the difference is that the curves 25a, 26a, and 27a are inverted below the zero level.

As can be understood from the above explanation, when the magnet rotor 42 is rotated in a predetermined direction by some means and there is no power supplied from the power supply to the armature coil, the AND circuits 54a, 541 ), 54C9...
The positive outputs of are cyclically alternated. At this time,
When a position detection signal is input from the terminal 55, the corresponding S
C is conductive and terminals 56a, 561),...
A positive output force [a is obtained from either of the two corresponding armature coils in Fig. 3]; when energized, a driving torque is generated in the same direction, and it is triggered by the next position detection signal. Subsequently, a driving torque is generated in the same direction, and the motor is operated as a three-phase semiconductor motor. 8 CR55a,, 55b,...
. . . Alternatively, logic circuits including flip-flop circuits may be used to achieve the same purpose.

When the circuit shown in FIG. 4 (b) described above is used as a starting means, it is started as a stepping motor, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, the output of the comparator circuit Ub causes V C
When the output of 023 is stopped and the oscillation circuit 53 starts oscillating, a one-phase position detection signal is inputted to the terminal 55 in FIG.
The output of the corresponding AND circuit is obtained, and the terminals 55&,
56b.

The corresponding armature coil is selected and energized in response to any of the outputs, and then the energized armature coils are sequentially selected and rotated, and the position detection shown in Fig. 5 is performed. Even if the signal loop is deleted for some reason, it will not step out of synchronization, so there is no problem with driving, and even if electricity or noise from other sources gets mixed in, it will demodulate immediately and will not cause disturbances. effective.

Furthermore, even if there is an overload or a temporary power outage, as long as the motor continues to rotate, the graph in Figure 4 (a) shows that the induced output will have exactly the same effect, so no synchronization will occur. There are some features that don't exist.

Next, other activation means will be explained.

In FIG. 6(a), the symbol Xin indicates the one-shot circuit shown in FIG. 3.8. Transistor 5a.

6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, and 6'f are kept non-conductive, so even if the electric clutch 7a is closed, no armature current is applied.

When the electrical input 7a is closed, an input caparnu is obtained through the capacitor to the monostable circuit 46, and a positive output is provided to the terminal 4.
6a, and this output is output from terminal 21a in FIG.
Since there is more input, the transine is energized.

Therefore, the magnet rotor 42 in FIG. 5 rotates to either the left or right and then stops.

There are two types of stopping points: stable stopping points and unstable stopping points. That is, the position shown in Fig. 5(d) is an unstable stopping point, and the position shown in Fig. 5(d) is an unstable stopping point.
The stopping point shown in e) is a stable stopping point.

From the positions of dotted lines 29a and 29b, the magnet rotor 42
If it shifts left or right, it will move in that direction.

This results in an unstable stopping point.

Fork point i%13Lla, 3 (from lb, magnet (b)
Even if the trochanter 42 is shifted to the left or right, a restoring force is applied so that it moves rearward.

Therefore, it becomes a stable stopping point.

In order to avoid stopping at an unstable stopping point, cogging can be increased by changing the shape of the salient pole, etc., and stopping near an unstable equilibrium point can be avoided.

After several seconds, the output of the terminal 46a becomes the Arnu level: the transistor 48 becomes conductive, and a voltage is applied to the aforementioned Kolpin fitting Hartley oscillator circuit 53 to enable it to operate. - Therefore, a position detection signal from the rotor 43 is obtained, and the motor is continuously driven as a DC motor. At this time, at the same time as the excavation circuit 53 is energized,
An electric pulse is output from the terminal 48a via the capacitor, and this output signal is input from the terminal 21e in FIG. 3, so that the armature coils 2b and 2c are energized and D
“It is driven in a fixed direction.

In the case of large frictional loads, there is a possibility of stopping at an unstable stopping point. In such a case, it is preferable to employ the activation means shown in FIG. 6(b).

In FIG. 6(b), parts with the same symbols as those in FIG. 6(a) have the same functions, so their explanation will be omitted. A monostable circuit 47 is added, the output terminal of which is designated by the symbol 4'/a.

When the electric switch 7a is closed, the electric circuit shown in FIG. 3.8 is powered on, and the output of the terminal 46a is connected to the terminal 2 of FIG.
1a, and the armature coil 2a12b is energized. Therefore, as described above, the McNett rotor 42 stops at either a stable or unstable equilibrium point. Further, the transistor 48 is kept non-conductive by the output of the monostable circuit 4b. After a certain period of time θ1, as the output of the terminal 46a disappears, the terminal 47a of the monostable circuit 47 is converted to a positive output by the stop electric pulse via the differentiating circuit 46b, and the non-conduction of the transistor 48 is maintained. . However, the power supply to the armature coils 2a and 2b is stopped, and the terminal 4
Since the output of terminal 7a is input to terminal 21b in FIG. 3, armature coils 2a and 2c are energized. Therefore, the magnet rotor 42 rotates and always stops at a stable equilibrium point.

After the fixed time θr, the output of the terminal 47a disappears, so 1
! & Since the power supply to the child coils 2a and 2c is stopped and the transistor 48 is turned on, the oscillation circuit 1% 53 is activated, and the output of the terminal 48a is input to the terminal 21d in FIG. The armature coil 2a12b is energized, and the Macnet rotor 4z is started in the set direction, and after that, it is operated as a semiconductor motor by the one-phase position detection output.

The means for controlling the terminals 46as4'za, 48a and the output of the oscillation circuit 53 may be other means as long as they achieve the same purpose.

By the output of terminal 46aN 4'/a% 48a, the third
Even if the terminals 21a, 21f, and 21b shown in the figure are connected to each other, the same operation can be performed.

The graph shown in FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the means for obtaining the one-phase position detection output described above in FIG.

A Hall element is fixed on the armature side, and the Macnet rotor 4
When placed under a magnetic field of z, its output curve becomes like the song $3!51. If an electric circuit is provided in which the point where the output is zero and the cross point with the reference voltage shown by the dotted line 51g are set by a logic operation circuit, the dotted lines 51 a , 51 b s51 c.
...51 A one-phase position sensing device that can obtain an output at the point f is obtained. Since the distance between such output pulses is ω degrees, the device can be used for exactly the same purpose as the device shown in FIG. If the curve 51 is shaped like a vertical triangular wave, the above-described spacing of the output pulses will be more accurate.

Next, a description will be given of means for activating the electric circuit shown in FIG. 6(e).

If a magnet magnetized to N and S is fixed to the armature side, and the N pole of the magnet faces the magnet rotor 42, the S pole will be attracted when the magnet is stopped, and the magnet rotor 42 will move to a specified position. It has stopped at the position. electric switch 7a
When closed, electricity No. 48 is outputted from terminal 49a via capacitor 49, and this output is connected to terminal 2 in Fig. 3.
Among terminals 1a, 21b, . . . , the signal is input to a terminal through which the magnet rotor 42 is rotated in a predetermined direction by an energized armature coil. Therefore, after that, a one-phase position detection output is inputted from the terminal 55 in FIG. 8, so that continuous driving is performed and the motor is rotated as a three-phase semiconductor motor. The effect is similar to the previous embodiment.

In the above case, the north pole of the magnet may be stopped, although unstable, even at a position facing the north pole of the magnet rotor. At this time, if the armature coil is energized, it will rotate in the opposite direction.

However, by the next position detection signal pulse, the rotation torque is changed to normal rotation, and the motor rotates in the normal direction.After that, the normal rotation torque is obtained by the next position detection signal pulse, and the motor is operated.

The reason why it is necessary to stop the magnetic trochanter at a predetermined position using the above-mentioned magnet is as follows. For example, when two armature coils are energized, torques in the forward and reverse directions of the two armature coils are obtained, and this torque is balanced, in order to avoid failure to start. It is. Therefore, it is necessary to select the position where the magnet is fixed to the armature and the armature coil to be energized via the capacitor 49 in FIG. 6(C) in order to ensure complete startup.

The same objective can be achieved by using cogging of the electric motor instead of a magnet to stop and hold the magnetic rotor so as to satisfy the starting conditions described above.

Example≠≠5=In the fifth=(a), if the ferrite magnet 20 is fixed to the armature and its N pole is provided opposite to the magnetic pole of the magnet rotor 42, the magnet rotor 42
moves to the right and stops at a stable equilibrium point where its south pole and the north pole of the mag-mount 20 face each other.

At this time, when the armature coils 2a and 2b are energized, that is, when a positive electric signal is input to the terminal 21a in FIG. This is a semiconductor motor that is driven by the position detection signal.

If the N pole of the component 20 accidentally stops at an unstable equilibrium point opposite to the N pole of the magnet rotor 42, the magnet rotor will be 42 moves backward to the left, but due to the next position detection signal, the armature coil 2a.

Since 2C is energized, the torque is converted to a positive torque, and the magnet rotor 42 can be rotated in the positive direction by the subsequent position detection signal.

Next, the starting means shown in FIG. 6('f) will be explained. Components with the same symbols as in the previous ``implementation ν1'' are the same members.

When the north pole of the maquit 20 in FIG. 5 is stopped at a stable equilibrium point opposite to the south pole of the magnet rotor, the electrical switch 7a is closed and the charging current of the capacitor 23 is applied to the terminal 23a. As a result, a low-power electric pulse is obtained, and this output is input to the terminal 21a in FIG. Moves, but returns soon.

The capacitor 24 is charged and after a predetermined time, a large power output is obtained from the terminal 23a via the trigger diode 25, so the armature coil 2a12b is energized again and the magnet rotor 42 is started to the right. do. Thereafter, a continuous rotation to the right is performed by the one-phase position detection signal pulse.

If, by chance, the N pole of the magnet 20 is stopped at an unstable equilibrium point opposite the N pole of the magnet rotor 42, the small power output via the capacitors 2 and 3 will cause the magnet rotor to 42 is driven to the left (in the opposite direction), so it moves to a stable equilibrium point where the north and south poles are opposed and stops. Thereafter, the armature coils 2a, 2b are energized by the large output power via the capacitor 24 and rotated to the right, thereby starting the motor.

Also, after startup, the trigger diode 25 is connected to the resistor 2.
A holding current is obtained through 5a and continuity is maintained. But because of diode 25b, terminal 2
3 The output of a is cut off. Also, Torica diode 25
It is also possible to drive a monostable circuit by the output of , and use the output as the output of terminal 2:3a.

The magnet 2υ is activated with only a single pole, but the N and S of the magnet 20 are connected parallel to the magnet rotor 42.
The same objective can be achieved by juxtaposing the poles.

If the motor stops for some reason, for example due to a temporary overload, a speed detection device is installed and the electric switch 7a is opened and closed in response to a detection signal when the motor is stopped or at low speed, so that it can be restarted. can be done. For this purpose, it is preferable to use a semiconductor switch as the electric switch 7a.

As explained in FIG. 7, when using a Hall element, the following activation means can be employed.

In FIG. 6(d), when the Hall element 52 is under the magnetic field of the magnet rotor 42 ON and S pole, positive inputs are made to the AND circuits 52b and 52a, respectively.

Terminal b2c is connected to terminal 49aK in FIG. 6(C). When the electric switch 7a in FIG. 6(C) is closed, the output from the terminal 49a causes the Aledo circuit 52b to
One input of %52a is obtained. At this time, when the magnet rotor 42 is under the N-pole magnetic field, an output from the terminal 52e is obtained, and this output is transmitted from the terminal 2 in FIG.
1a, 21b, ......, and this input energizes the corresponding armature coil, Rf
is configured to be activated in a fixed positive direction.

Therefore, it starts, and after that, it rotates as a three-phase half-heroic dragon #JJJm, which is followed by a one-phase position detection signal.

When the Hall element 52 is under the magnetic field of the S pole, an output is obtained from the terminal 52d of the AND circuit 52a, and this output is sent to any of the terminals 21a, 21b, . . . in FIG. The input is configured to energize the corresponding armature coil and start it in a predetermined positive direction. Therefore, it starts and thereafter operates as a three-phase semiconductor motor. In order to avoid that the Hall element 52 is under the zero-sense field, the electric motor starting means shown in FIG. 6(e) will be explained next.

In FIG. 6(e), parts with the same symbols as in FIG. 6(b) 1 are the same parts, and their functions and effects are also the same.

When the electric switch 7a is closed, the output from the terminal 46a as shown in FIG. Stop.

Next, a short-time electric pulse output via the capacitor 47b is obtained from the terminal 4'la, and this output is input to the terminal 21b in FIG. 3, so that the magnet rotor 42 is When it is at the stable stopping point shown in e), it rotates forward and returns immediately. Also, when it is at an unstable stopping point, it rotates in reverse until it reaches a stable stopping point and stops.

Next, as the output of the monostable circuit 47 disappears, the transistor 48 becomes conductive, and the output of the oscillation circuit 53 is obtained, and the output of the terminal 48a via the monostable circuit 48b is transferred to the terminal 2.
Since it is input in 1C (Figure 3), after that,
The motor is operated as a three-phase semiconductor motor by a position detection signal obtained from the device shown in the figure.

The same purpose can be achieved by connecting and disconnecting the input of the terminal 55 of the oscillation circuit 53 using the 2JI transistor configuration.

The electric circuit shown in FIG. 9 uses a three-phase armature coil 2a12 instead of the position detection signal obtained with the device shown in FIG.
This shows a means for driving an electric MA machine by obtaining the induced output of b12C. Components with the same symbols as those in the previous embodiment are the same members.

The effects will be explained in conjunction with the time chart of FIG. 1O. The voltage waveforms of the armature coils 2a, 2b, and 2c correspond to curves 64a, 164b, and 640 in the time chart of FIG.
become that way. The center of each curve is 120
The energizing voltage in degrees (electrical angle), the curves on both sides are the induced output.

Each of the above outputs is connected to a capacitor 61a, 61b, 61c.
The curves 65a, 65b, 6 in Fig. 1υ are integrated by
It will look like 5a. Therefore, operational amplifiers 6Ua, 6Ub,
The output of 6Jc is the songs 166a, 66b, 66 in Fig. 1θ.
It becomes a rectangular wave like c.

Symbol 62a in FIG. 9 is a differential circuit, and the positive and negative differential pulses obtained on both sides of the curve 66a are output from the upper and lower terminals on the output side, both in the positive direction. The upper one is the rising edge of the rectangular wave, and the lower one is the differential pulse obtained in the falling part.

Similarly, the upper and lower outputs of the differentiating circuits 52b162c are differential pulses on both sides of the curves 05b and 66c.

Electric signal pulses 67a, 67b, etc. in FIG. 10
・ are the above-mentioned differential pulses, which vary in electrical angle by 6 as the magnet rotor 42 (shown in the fifth figure) rotates.
A one-phase position detection signal pulse is obtained every time the rotation is 0 degrees. The output terminal for such electrical signal pulses is the output of terminal 63 in FIG. Therefore, the output of this terminal 63 can be used as an input signal to terminal 550 in FIG.

The outputs of terminals 76, a -, 7b b% 7b c in FIG. 9 are connected to terminals 58as 58. in FIG. bs 5bc input, terminals 51j&, 51jb, . . . in Fig. 8.
The outputs are sent to terminals 21a, 21b1... in Figure 9.
By inputting the respective inputs into the motor and using the above-mentioned starting means, it can be used as a three-phase half-body electric motor.

In order to keep the rotational speed constant in the spindle motor of a floppy disc, etc., a means for obtaining an electric pulse train with a frequency proportional to the rotational speed is attached, such as an encoder that rotates synchronously with the magnetic rotor. . Using such an electric pulse train, it is possible to obtain an l-phase position detection signal pulse that can be used in the present invention.

Next, the details will be explained.

In the time chart of FIG. 11(a), what is shown as symbol 68 is the electric pulse train produced by the encoder described above. A curve 69 is the output of the terminal 48c in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b). The output of terminal 48c is the 11th
It is input to the lower terminal 72 of the AND circuit 71 in FIG. 7(b). Further, the electric pulse train 68 in the figure (a) is input to the terminal 71a in the figure (b).

Reference numeral 75 denotes a counting circuit, which is constructed so that an output pulse from the AND circuit 74 causes an output to be obtained from a terminal 75a, and from the next 6 pulses, 171 electric pulses are obtained from the terminal 75a again. Therefore, one output pulse is obtained from the terminal 75a for every six output pulses of the AND circuit 74.

The electrical signal pulse at the terminal 75a is indicated by the symbol 70a in the figure (a).
170b1...

Assuming that the pinch of the electric pulse train 68 is 10 degrees in electrical angle, the point at which the output is obtained from the terminal 48c is the stopping point of the magnet rotor, so the point is +11 in Fig. 4(a).
1!28a, 28b, -- The correct position of the position detection signal starts from a point 30 electrical degrees behind this position, and the above-mentioned position detection output signal pulse 70a , 70b, . . . are obtained in eight cases. For this reason, in the ml1 diagram (b), the output of the AND circuit 71 is input to the counting circuit 73, and the output of the AND circuit 71 is input to the counting circuit 73.
``When the numerical value becomes 3, the output is obtained from the terminal 73a, and the output is fixed and becomes one input of the AND circuit 74. Therefore, this point is at the position of the dotted line 69a in the figure (a). Therefore, the counting circuit 75 counts the electric pulse train 6b after the point m69a.

Therefore, the electric pulses 70a, 70b, . . .
Although the human power of the terminal 415c described above is obtained, it is obtained after a delay of 30 degrees in electrical angle.

Therefore, the output of the terminal 75a is completely equivalent to the l-phase position detection signal pulse obtained by the device shown in FIG. 5, and has the same effect.

As described in each of the above embodiments, the apparatus of the present invention achieves the object stated at the beginning and is highly effective.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an armature II flow sub-control circuit diagram of a three-phase electric motor. Fig. 2 is a time chart of electrical signals of each part of the circuit in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a t armature current of the device of the present invention. The distribution circuit diagram, FIG. 4 is a partial electric circuit diagram and a graph of the output torque curve, and FIG. 5 is a developed diagram of the magnet rotor and armature coil of the device of the present invention, and stable and unstable equilibrium. An explanatory diagram of the points, Figure 6 is an electrical circuit diagram for starting, and Figure 7 is an electrical circuit diagram for starting.
FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating means for obtaining a position detection signal from a Hall element.
＠ circuit diagram, FIG. 9 is an electric circuit diagram of another embodiment of the device of the present invention, FIG. 1O is a time chart of the voltage of each part of the electric circuit of FIG. 9, and FIG. 1 and 2 show explanatory diagrams of other embodiments, respectively. E, F, G...Position detection device, 4a, 4b, 4c.
..., 4f...inversion circuit, 5a, 5b, ...
・, 5f・AND circuit, 6a15b1..., 6
f...transistor, 8 a, 8 b, 9 a, 9
b, 10a, 10b...Position detection device ESF'X (
Output signal of y, 11a111b, 12'a, 12
b, 13a, 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b
15a, 16b...Androw 5a, '5b,...
...output signal of 5e, 1'7 a, 17 b
, 17c...1-phase position detection signal, 22a, 2
2b,..., 22f...OR circuit, 2a, 2
b, 2c... Armature Koinope 7... Positive voltage terminal, 7
a... Electric switch, 44... Coil, 4z...
Magnet rotor, 23...VCO (voltage control oscillator), 25.25a, 26, i6a -,
2'/%2″7a...Output torque curve, 28a,
28b... Output position of position detection signal, 481.48b
...Transistor, 43 ...Rotor, 4J 8
%4Jb, -43c...protrusion, 45...
Electrical circuit in Figure 3.8, 46.47...Simple rectangular circuit, 46 b...Differential circuit, 52...Hall Shiko, 52 a, 52 b54aN54b,...
...54 f...acid circuit, 51...ho-2-
53... Oscillation circuit, 53a... Oscillation coil, 2b... Trigger diode, 6 (J a
N 60 b-, bu c ... operational amplifier, 6
2a%62b%62 c - Differential circuit, 64 a N
64 b % 64 c 't-' armature coil voltage a, 66a, 66b, 66c... operational amplifier 6 (
38% 6ub, 6(J(! output curve, bb a
N 6b b %65c...i minute curve, 67a,
67 b, 67 c --- position detection signal pulse,
bb...Encoder output pulse, 69-1-run raster 48 output 1 line, 70a, 70370c...position detection signal pulse, 71.74...AND circuit, 7
3.75...Divisor circuit. Patent Applicant Figure 3 Figure 7 Figure 6 Figure 49 Figure 10

Claims (1)

[Claims] a fixed armature equipped with a three-phase armature coil; a magnetic rotor that is rotatably supported on a rotating shaft by a main body, and has magnetic poles through which a magnetic field penetrates the armature coil;
a position detection device that detects the position of the magnet rotor and generates one position detection electric signal pulse every time the rotor rotates in an electrical angle of 60 degrees; and six semiconductors that distribute armature current. A three-phase bridge circuit consisting of switching elements,
The positive voltage at one end of the armature coil at one end of each phase armature coil is A, and the negative voltage is B1L at the second phase armature coil. When C, C, (A, Dan), (A, Dan), (B, Dan), (A, B
), (C, A), and (B, C), where six outputs are obtained only when there are inputs in the parentheses, and between the outputs of the logic circuit and at the positions mentioned above. An electric circuit in which the output of each of the six output terminals is maintained only when a detection electric signal pulse is input, and the three-phase bridge circuit described above according to the output of the six output terminals of the circuit. an armature current distribution circuit equipped with six input terminals that energizes each armature coil to energize each armature coil at an electrical angle of 120 degrees to generate driving torque for the magnet rotor; A starting device that starts the device in a predetermined direction by inputting a predetermined number of input electrical signals to the input terminal of the device, and a position detection electrical signal pulse obtained from the position detection device after the device finishes starting the device. A semiconductor motor driven by a one-phase position detection output, characterized in that it is configured with an electric circuit that inputs electrical signals to six input terminals according to a predetermined order to continuously rotate the motor. .