JPS60171677A - Method for processing fault of storing medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent reuse of a faulty block of a storing medium and interruption of a writing process, by continuing the writing process from an unused block when the faulty block is detected after a map table is formated in the storing medium. CONSTITUTION:A map table 1 which stores the used condition of a magnetic disk in the unit of block is provided in the magnetic disk and the table 1 is composed of used file sections 11 and 13 and an unused block aggregate 12. A file handling program 2 inspects only blocks necessary for managing the disk at the time of initialization and performs formating of the table 1 in the blocks. When a faulty block is detected from the disk in the course of a writing operation, the program 2 searches an unused block after storing the information at a corresponding address of the table 1 and, when the unused block is detected, makes the writing operation to be continued from the unused block.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <<Field of Application of the Invention>> The present invention relates to a method for treating defective portions occurring in storage media such as magnetic disks.

[Prior Art] Some conventional disk devices search all blocks of a disk that is used for the first time before starting use, and if a defective block is found, the block is I am using a method of converting the format to 1 to use another spare track. In addition, other types of conventional disk devices do not use backup disks, but instead register discovered defective blocks as part of the currently used part, so that the blocks are not used any more. I am using it.

However, using the above method has the disadvantage that it cannot deal with defective blocks that occur after the start of use. In other words, if such a defective block is encountered during processing (for example, writing), an error will immediately occur and the processing will be completely interrupted.Furthermore, this defective block will not be registered automatically. This may cause the error to occur again on another occasion. In addition, in recent years, with the increasing amount of disks,
It is now taking a long time to inspect all blocks.

<<Object of the invention>> The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.C
1. To realize a storage medium defect processing method capable of continuing the allocation process without interrupting even if a defective block is encountered during writing to a storage device and preventing the defective block from being reused. It is an object.

(Summary of the Invention) The storage medium defect processing method of the present invention formats a map table that stores the usage status of each block in the storage medium, and detects a defective block from the storage medium during writing. Then, the defective block [1 block information is stored in the address corresponding to the defective block of the map table, and then an unused block is reached, and if this unused block is detected, the writing process is continued from that block. It is characterized by what it did.

(Example) The method for treating defects in a storage medium according to the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining the operation of an example of a technical equipment for implementing the method of the present invention. 1 is a map table formatted to store the usage status in blocks (indicated by one of the squares) in a storage medium (such as a magnetic disk), and 2 is a map table with one microphone. etc., the map table 1
This is a file handling program that manages disk usage and files, such as creating files. Map table 1 stores information corresponding to each block in the disk, indicating whether it is in use (written), unused (not written), or defective. has been done. 11 and 13 indicate file portions in use, and 12 indicates an unused block set.

FIG. 2 (A), <C> iB and (B) respectively indicate the used file portions 11 and 13J'; and the unused file portions 71.
The contents of the cook set 12 are illustrated. In (A), the file portion 11 in use is an unused block ll\! 2
1 and there is no defective block, (B) is an unused block set 12 together with an unused block fly22, and if there is a defective block Ji\23 (shaded area), (C) is in use. In the file portion 13 of the file section 13, there is a defective block [1? ! ￥, 2'
The case where there is 5 is shown.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the storage medium defect processing method according to the present invention, and is a timing diagram 1-1. Here, a case will be explained in which a magnetic disk is used as the storage medium.

(a) At the time of the first initial slice, the file handling program 2 inspects only the blocks of the portion of the disk necessary for disk management, and formats the map table 1 on this portion.

(b) Necessary programs and data are usually encountered on the disk via the file handling program 2.

(c) If a disk error occurs during reading from the file handling program 2 and the block is not recovered even after retrying, the block is regarded as a defective block and registered in the map table 1, and the use of that part is prohibited. Next, reach other unused blocks, and if an unused block is detected, modify the link pointer of the file (memorizes the block to be used next) and write the above from the unused 10 blocks. Allow processing to continue. If an unused block is not detected, an error occurs and processing is interrupted.

(d) If a disk error occurs when reading a file and it does not recover even after retrying, the block is treated as a defective block as in (c), but it is not registered in the map table and an error occurs. Processing will be interrupted due to an error, but 1
It is possible to confirm that ra is more than j. Also, when creating a new file after deleting the file, the defective block is detected in step (c) at d5, so there is no problem.

By using the above procedure, defects t in unused blocks are detected and recorded when creating a new file or extending an existing file. Also, defects that occur after writing are detected as errors during reading, and are registered as defective blocks when the H number is read again.

According to the defect processing method for a storage medium as described in Section 2 above, even if a defective block occurs during use, it is possible to prevent interruption of processing during writing, making it easier to use.

Furthermore, subsequent recovery measures for defective blocks detected during reading are easy.

In addition, since the use of defective parts is prohibited in units of smaller blocks, rather than in units of 1 to 4 or files as in the conventional method, memory capacity is saved, troubles are prevented, and reliability is improved.

Also, as the capacity of disks has increased, it has become time-consuming to inspect all 10 disks, but this method saves time.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, even if a defective block is encountered during writing to a storage device, the writing process can be continued without interruption, and the defective block can be prevented from being reused. It is possible to realize a method for handling defects in storage media that can be reversed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining the operation of a mounting example for carrying out the method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial explanatory diagram of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a defect processing of a storage medium of the present invention. An example of the method is not shown, but time chart 1 is shown. 1...Matsupu Deple, 23.25...Defect Bu 1"
Ivy group, 22...3 diagrams of unused block claws

Claims (1)

[Claims] A map table that stores the usage status in units of blocks is formatted and stored in the memory, and when a defective block is detected from the storage medium during writing, the defective block information is stored in the defective block of the map table. After storing it at the corresponding address, search for an unused block,
A method for handling defects in a storage medium, characterized in that if this unused block is detected, the write process is continued from that block.