JPS6017098B2 - 3D graphic display device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a 3D image (hereinafter referred to as lenticular 3D image) display device using a lenticular plate, and particularly provides a means for effectively displaying extremely simple figures in 3D. It is something to do.

The principle of lenticular stereoscopic painting is well known, and the lenticular plate has the shape shown in FIG. 1a and is generally made of transparent plastic or glass. As shown in FIG. 1b, its cross-sectional view shows a large number of cylindrical lenses arranged in parallel. FIG. 2 shows the principle of stereoscopic image display using a lenticular plate. Image information viewed from different directions is formed on the back surface of the lenticular plate 1 in the form of a large number of long and narrow stripes. Stripes 3a, 3b, 3C,
・・・・・・・・・, 4a, 4b, 4C, ・・・・・・
. . . The longitudinal direction is the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical lens, and in FIG. 2, it is perpendicular to the plane of the paper. This striped image information is displayed by the right eye 5 and the left eye 6 when viewed with both eyes as shown in Figure 2.
The lens characteristics of the cylindrical lens and the position of the stripes are designed so that different stripes are seen in each case.
That is, in FIG. 2, the right eye 5 has stripes 3a, 3
b, 3c, . …．・・・．・, while the left eye 6 has stripe 4a. Look at 4b, 4c,... stripe 3a
, 3b, 3c, ...... coarse and stripes 4a, 4b, 4
The groups c and . You will see the image you saw, and you will get a three-dimensional effect with binocular vision. Currently, in addition to record tapes and FM broadcasts, television broadcasts are also converted to stereo sound through audio multiplex broadcasts.

Stereo sound technology not only expands the sound source, but also
It has become possible to achieve the effect that the sound source surrounds the listener. A conventional example of means for displaying the spread or enclosing degree of a sound source is one that changes the horizontal width of a flat display device as shown in FIG. That is, the width W of the display section is changed according to the spread of the sound source. However, there are no conventional examples of audio equipment or television receivers that three-dimensionally display the extent of the sound source or the extent to which it is surrounded. The present invention is shown in Figure 4a.
, b, the aim is to provide a display with visual depth (that is, a three-dimensional effect). Note that in FIG. 4, the display is shown divided into pixels for clarity, but it is of course possible to display them continuously. Although lenticular 3D surfaces are well known, it is not always easy to display relatively simple figures in 3D using a lenticular board as in the present invention, and lenticular 3D objects such as ordinary landscapes You cannot fully achieve your goal by using the same method as in the picture.

The reason for this will be explained using FIG. 5. In Figure 5 ◎
In order to display points A, 8, C, and D indicated by marks three-dimensionally when viewed from viewpoints 11 and 12 using the lenticular plate 10, connect points A, B, C, and D to viewpoints 11 and 12. Image information 13a is provided at the intersection of each line and the back surface of the lenticular plate 10.
, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e, and the stove 3f must be displayed in some way. However, two problems occur here. The first problem is that image information is generated at an undesired position.

In the example of FIG. 5, points a, b, and c are also visually recognized as image information. Although these points a, b, and c were not included in the original image information (that is, points A, B, C, and D), they are information generated based on the principle of lenticular stereoscopic image. These false information also occur in lenticular 3D images such as ordinary landscapes, but they are usually ignored because they are unnatural and do not match the shape of the target object that humans remember. Visually, this was hardly a problem because only information that matched the natural shape was recognized. However, in the case of a simplified image as shown in FIG. 4, which is the object of the present invention, false information as described above is inconvenient. The reason for this is that the simpler the image, the more difficult it is for humans to recognize the shape of objects and the sense of perspective based on human memory, making it impossible to ignore false information. We have found that the Kamitakuma problem can be solved by taking the following measures. Normally, when displaying an image as shown in Fig. 4 as a lenticular stereoscopic image, a certain degree of stereoscopic effect can be obtained even when the object has the same height ratio as shown in Fig. 6a. False information such as this is easy to come out. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 6, the height of the object in the foreground and the height of the distant view are made sufficiently small to further emphasize the sense of perspective. Even if false information occurs, it can be visually ignored. The second problem is that the image information formed on the back side of the sinticular plate has a long stripe shape in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical lens of the sinticular plate when displaying the target object as shown in Figure 4 or Figure 6. However, it is undesirable that each piece of striped image information corresponds to a plurality of parts of the target object.

In the example of FIG. 5, image information 13b corresponds to points A and D, and image information 13e corresponds to points C and ◯. If only points A and C are to be displayed, the image information turtles 3a, 13b, 13e, and 13f will correspond, but in this case, point D, which is not desired, will also be displayed.
To completely eliminate such inconveniences, it is necessary to make each piece of image information corresponding to one viewpoint correspond to only one point on the target object. Although it is difficult to realize such a condition in general, it is possible when displaying a simple and continuous figure as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 6. Next, a method of making the above-mentioned image information correspond to only one point on the target object will be specifically explained using an example.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG. 7 shows a method of displaying figures corresponding to FIG. 4a, in which the pitches of the cylindrical lenses of the lenticular plate 16 are equal. Each part 17a of the target object indicated by a circle in the figure,
17b, 17c, . . . are viewed from the viewpoint 18a,
18b and the center of each cylindrical lens. At the intersections of these lines 19 and the back surface of the interstitial plate 16, each part 17a, 17b, 17c, .・・・．・・・． Image information 20 corresponding to... is provided. Here, in the image information 20, each of the marks indicated by a * is one viewpoint, so long as undesired parts of the target object are displayed at the same time, this problem will not occur. In other words, it is possible to prevent each piece of image information 20 from carrying image information of any part of the target object other than the corresponding one point, as shown in FIG. 7, and by using this means. The error of displaying undesired parts of the target object at the same time does not occur.

Next, an embodiment of a method for changing the width of a figure as shown in FIG. 4a will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.

When the image information 20 in FIG. 7 is enlarged, it appears as shown in FIG. 8a. In the image information 20, the image information with diagonal lines is the viewpoint 18a in FIG. 7, and the image information without a mark is the viewpoint 18b.
corresponds to each. This image information is shown in a plan view as shown in FIG. 8b. Therefore, a display portion of image information having the shape shown in FIG. 8b may be formed in contact with the back surface of the lenticular plate, and each stripe-shaped image information may be restricted by a signal. For this purpose, for example, electrodes for operating a display means as described later are formed on the back surface of the lenticular plate 16 in the form of stripes as shown in FIG.・
...and connect as shown in the figure. Here, the terminal 23a is the seventh
It is connected to the electrode of the image information for displaying the part i7a of the target object in the figure, and similarly it is connected to the terminals 23b and 23c.
, 23d, . . . are parts 17b, 1 of the target object
7c, 17d, . . . are respectively connected to electrodes for displaying image information. These terminals 23a,
By controlling the signals applied to 23b, 23c, . . . , it is possible to change the axis (generally the shape) of the displayed figure. Although it is possible to prevent undesired parts of the target object from being displayed at the same time, false image information as described above may occur.

For example, point 15 in FIG.
This occurs as false image information when displaying 7 pm.
These parts ITb, 17 are connected to terminal 23 in FIG.
By applying signals to the electrodes 24h and 23, corresponding image information is displayed by the electrodes 24h and 24. However, as is clear from the figure, the image information electrodes 24h, 24
They vary greatly in height. In this way, even if the human eye perceives image information with different heights from each of the two viewpoints at the position of point 15, this is judged to be unnatural information, and a more natural display is made at point 17h. , 17. Since that part is mainly recognized, the originally intended figure can be displayed effectively. Next, a means for displaying image information by stitching with such an interticular plate will be explained.

FIG. 9 is an example of a liquid crystal display, in which a lenticular plate 20
A transparent electrode 27a is formed on the back surface of 6 in a shape as shown in FIG. 8b according to the shape of image information. 27b, 27c,...
Place... This lenticular plate 26
A substrate 30 having an electrode 29 formed on its surface is placed opposite to the substrate 30 with a spacer 28 interposed therebetween. The space between the substrate plate 30 and the lenticular plate 26 is filled with liquid crystal 31.
As the liquid crystal material, those commonly used for displaying calculators and other things can be used. Different embodiments for displaying image information use a configuration similar to a plasma display panel to use plasma light emission.

In this case as well, a configuration similar to that shown in FIG. 9 can be used, and neon gas or the like can be used instead of the liquid crystal, but as shown in FIG. 10, the spacer 28' has a striped image information display section. By adopting the isolation configuration, it is possible to prevent light from leaking into adjacent image information portions. A still further embodiment for displaying image information is shown in FIG. Fig. 11 uses a light emitting diode, and a lenticular plate 26'
UO-shaped grooves 32a, 32b, 32c,
A substrate 30 having... is provided. The pitch of the grooves is half the pitch of the cylindrical lenses of the scintillary plate 26''.The grooves 32a, 32b, 32c, 932e, 32f? 3a? 33b,
33c, 33e, 33f, 33g are arranged, and the light emitting diodes 33a, 33b, 33c, .
The displayed figure can be changed by controlling the light emission of... In this case, U-shaped grooves 32a, 32b,
It goes without saying that it is effective to treat the surfaces of the grooves 32c, . Above, an embodiment has been described in which the pitches of the cylindrical lenses are basically equal as shown in FIG.

Next, an example will be shown in which a lenticular plate composed of cylindrical lenses with unequal pitches is used to display a figure as shown in FIG. 4b. In FIG. 12, the cross section of the target object to be displayed is arc-shaped, and each part 36a, 3
6b, 36c? Indicates...

These parts 36a, 36b, 36c, etc. and viewpoint 3
Image information 39 is provided at a portion where the line segment connecting 7a and 37b intersects with the back surface of the lenticular plate 38, that is, the portion indicated by a mark in the figure. Such an arc-shaped figure is displayed, and as described above, each of the image information 39 is a portion of the target object 36a, 36c, 36c, . . . with respect to one viewpoint.
In order to accommodate only one of each, the scinticular plate 38 needs to have a special cross-sectional shape as shown in the figure. That is, by making the pitch of the cylindrical lenses larger in the central part than in the peripheral part and by increasing the distance between the front and back surfaces of the cylindrical lenses (i.e., the thickness of the cylindrical lenses), it is possible to obtain a lenticular plate that displays a desired figure. . As described above in detail including the embodiments, the present invention makes it possible to display simple-shaped figures with less disturbance caused by false image information.

By applying the present invention to audio equipment such as a stereo or a portion of a television receiver equipped with an audio multiplexing device that displays the extent of the sound source or the extent to which the sound source is surrounded,
It becomes possible to make a conventional two-dimensional display into a three-dimensional display, and the purpose of the display can be more effectively achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1a is a perspective view of a sinticular plate, Figure b is a sectional view of the same, Figure 2 is a principle diagram of a three-dimensional sinticular plate, and Figure 3 is a perspective view of a sinticular plate.
The figure shows an example of a conventional display that displays the spread of a sound source, and FIGS.
The figures are diagrams for explaining problems that occur when displaying simple images, and Figures 6a and 6 are diagrams for explaining figures for effective three-dimensional display. FIGS. 8a and 8b are a cross-sectional view and a plan view of the image information portion of the same layer, respectively, and FIGS. 9, IQ, and 11 are the basics of a part of the device. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the lenticular structure. FIG. Board, 5, 6, 11, 12, 18a, 108b, 37a
, 37b...Viewpoint, 13a, ] 3b 13c
,...,20,39... Image information, 17a
, Ki7b, Kame7C, .・・・． ...36a, 36b, 36
c,... Part of the object to be displayed, 23a, 23b,
23c, ... signal input terminal, 27a, 27ta b, 2
7c,...Transparent electrode, 28,28'...
- Surfacer, 32a, 32b, 32c,... U-shaped groove, 33a, 33b, 33c,... Light emitting diode, A, B, C, D... Point to be displayed, a
, b, c... Points that are displayed on the table even though they are not desired. Figure 1 Figure 3 Figure 2 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure T Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 12

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a three-dimensional graphic display device using a lenticular plate, only one image information is formed on the corresponding back surface of the lenticular plate as one viewpoint and one point of a target object to be displayed, and The image information corresponds to the target object above.
A three-dimensional figure display device characterized in that the shape of a target object to be displayed, the pitch of a cylindrical lens of a lenticular plate, and the viewpoint of an observer are arranged so as not to carry image information of any part other than points. . 2. A three-dimensional graphic display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pitches of the cylindrical lenses of the lenticular plate are arranged at unequal intervals. 3. A three-dimensional graphic display device according to claim 2, characterized in that the pitch and thickness of the cylindrical lenses are larger in the central portion of the lenticular plate than in the peripheral portions. 4. A three-dimensional graphic display device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of liquid crystal, plasma, and light emitting diode is used as image information display means.