JPS60162467A - Small-sized motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the efficiency and to reduce the size of a motor by switching the current flowing direction of 2-phase windings of a stator winding by the output of a Hall element which detects the rotating position of a rotor. CONSTITUTION:2-Phase stator windings 10 wound on a bobbin 11 are mounted on a stator core 1, and pole separating grooves 4, 5 are formed on the core 1, thereby forming a stator, and a Hall element 18 detecting the rotating position of a rotor 13 is provided. The rotor 13 is formed of a rotational shaft 14, a rotor core 15 and permanent magnets 16, 17. When the thus constructed motor is driven, ON or OFF states of transistors 23, 28 for switching are controlled through a comparator 17 by a signal from the element 18, the current flowing direction of the winding 10 is switched to rotatably drive it. A voltage is applied from a constant-voltage circuit 27 to the element 18.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (a) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a skeleton type small electric motor, and particularly to a D
By making the motor brushless, the efficiency of this motor can be increased and the rotational speed can be easily controlled.

(b) Conventional technology Generally stator iron! An example of a skeleton-type small electric motor with stator windings is the one described in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 57-16575, which is a small, simple structure and easy to manufacture, so it is an inexpensive electric motor. It was commonly used as. However, in such a shaded motor, a rotating magnetic field is formed by providing a shaded coil in the stator core in addition to the stator winding. Generally, a thick current flows through this shaded coil, which causes a decrease in the efficiency of the motor. In other words, it has been difficult to increase the efficiency of the motor due to the use of shaded coils. Also, the drive of the electric motor t h
Since the main source of AT is a commercial power supply, the rated rotational speed of the motor is mainly determined by the frequency of the commercial power supply, and in order to use various rated rotational speeds, a complicated control circuit must be separately provided. , it was necessary to design and manufacture a separate button for each rated rotation speed.

(c) Purpose of the Invention In view of the problem Vc8, the present invention provides a small Ijlt motor which is highly efficient by converting a skeleton type small electric motor into an I)C brushless motor.

B) Structure of the Invention The present invention provides a small electric motor in skeleton tights having a stator core and a stator winding, in which the stator winding is a two-phase winding in which both the father and the father are energized, and the stator winding is provided on the outer periphery of a rotating ten-iron noose. A permanent magnet, a Hall element that detects the rotor's rotational position 1/'/, and a control section that switches the energization to the two-phase winding leg based on the output of the Hall element (+ifi) are used to create a DC brushless system. It is something that

0-1 Example Hereinafter, the example of the present invention will be explained based on FIGS. 3B1 to 4. First, in FIG. 1, -c ti+ is 1+
The stator core is made by punching out electrical steel plates into a skeleton shape and laminating multiple sheets, and the bolt holes (
21, (3), grooves for pole separation (4), (5), wide gaps (6), (7), and narrow gaps (8), (9) with the rotor <131, which will be described later, , (13), consists of a bobbin for winding a stator winding (lull, l^" foot winding u1") having fcl. Furthermore, this stator staff U U+
Is it iron core 02I? : After winding the winding around the bobbin 011, it is attached to the stator winding L (l+). Also, this stator winding g
u+ is a terminal (support), and consists of two phases: one phase between fC1 and one phase between terminals (E, (0). 031 is the rotor, rotating shaft load J, rotor iron] L? (151 and rotor iron l
L? Permanent magnet installed on the outer periphery of u51 (flit, 07)
It consists of (This is a Hall element that detects the rotational position of the rotor (1; 9).Also, as mentioned above, the rotor (
[Permanent magnet 1G+, (171 and stator core (1)
wide gaps (6), (7) and narrow gaps (8), (
9), it is generally known that due to the balance of the magnetic attraction force, the rotor always stops at a constant rotational position as shown in Figure 1 or at a position rotated 180 degrees from the state shown in Figure 1. Therefore, the rotor (131) of the electric motor as mentioned above stops at one of the fixed positions mentioned above.

Figure 2 is an electrical circuit diagram of the control section that switches the energization to the stator winding (11), and shows the stator winding ulJl and the Hall element (11).
Shimama is the same as the one shown in Figure 1, so it appears that it has the same symbol. It is a negative comparator, and the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal are respectively connected to the terminals of the Hall element α (Sl, (to)
) are connected to each other. The terminal (A) of the stator winding 00) is a switching transistor connected in series with one phase of the tel, and its base terminal is connected to the resistor (20
1 and a capacitor (211)
It is connected to the output terminal of j. @ is capacitor Cll
It is a diode that discharges the load of . (24
is a switching j transistor connected in series with one phase of stator winding a (11 terminals (r3;, (q); C() is a capacitor (a diode which discharges the charge of 2ω). Note that the resistor (AI+, 64) is connected to the collector terminal of the transistor example.
and capacitor D1 (the constant in the two clauses is the ratio fj, set to a value that can prevent transistors (2) and H3 from turning on simultaneously when switching from the level voltage to the level level voltage). (21) is a constant voltage circuit.

When driving a small electric motor configured as described above, the second
When DC power is supplied to the terminal (Vcc) in the figure, first,
Since the rotor (1:9) stops in the una state as shown in Fig. 1, the output of the terminal (Sl and terminal (to)) when using a Hall element is in the state of T in Fig. 3. Therefore, the comparison An output is also output from the device a9, and the transistor (c) is turned on, and current flows from the terminal of the stator winding +III (0 to the terminal terminal). Perfect gap (7
) is the south pole and 1. The rotor 031 starts to rotate counterclockwise due to the attractive and repulsive action of the permanent magnet 06). This rotor 03
As shown in Figure 3, the terminal (S) of the Hall element is rotated.
, to the terminal) changes. When the rotor side rotates 90 degrees, the output of the comparator θ is switched to 5 as shown in Fig. 3, and at the same time, the transistor 081 is turned off and the transistor (
C) becomes ON, and current flows from stator winding terminal (C) to terminal (B). Wide gap (6) of stator iron 1 (7 (11) is S pole, wide gap (7) is Therefore, when the rotor is one rotor, the reconnaissance force of counterclockwise rotation and the permanent magnet (1,
6+, the counterclockwise rotation is maintained by the suction and repulsion action of (17). Hereinafter, each time the rotor (1:9) rotates 180 degrees, the magnetic poles generated in the wide gaps (6) and (7) of the stator core (1) switch, and as above, the rotor (0:1) rotates counterclockwise. is maintained continuously.

Note that the rated rotational speed of such an electric motor can be easily changed by changing the thickness of the DC voltage applied to the terminal (V, .) in the same manner as a general DC motor.

Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and (2) in the figure is a fixed iron plate made by punching out electrical iron plates into a skeleton shape and stacking them. A hole (2!l) and a Cλ force are provided.Furthermore, a gap (31
), (The width of the three forces changes depending on the rotation angle of the rotor (3iij). The terminal (A) was press-fitted into the bobbin C351 having the f13N C3 dark iron core (01), and later the solid iron core (281).One phase between the slot terminal (13) and ((C) was formed respectively. 3G) is the rotor, and the rotation axis (3η,
A permanent magnet (space) provided on the outer periphery between the rotor core (381) and the rotor core.

Consists of 0 pups. (4υ is a Hall element that detects the rotational position of the rotor 06). As mentioned above, even when the air gap between the permanent magnets C39), (41 and stator core 08) of the rotor (G) is changed, the rotor (7) is Always constant rotation position 16"
It is something that stops at.

When driving such an electric motor, the control unit IL41 shown in FIG. 2 can be used. However, it is sufficient to connect the terminals (C'l, (C) to the terminals (5), (I3), and ■, respectively.If a DC power supply is connected to the terminal (Vcc), a magnetic field will be generated as in 01f. The rotor 06) rotates.

(F) Effects of the Invention The present invention provides a skeleton type small electric motor having a stator core and a stator winding, in which the stator winding is a two-phase winding that is mutually energized, and the outer periphery of the rotor iron R9 is Since it is equipped with a permanent magnet, a stone Hall element that detects the rotational position of the rotor, and a control unit that switches energization to the two-phase windings based on the output of this Hall element, the electric motor can be operated using IH power. This eliminates the need for a conventional shaded coil, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the motor and at the same time reduce the size of the motor.Also, since it is driven by a DC power supply, changing the applied voltage The rotation speed of the motor can be easily changed.Furthermore, the configuration of the control unit can be simplified by using a two-phase stator winding.In this case, the control unit can be placed in the blank space of the motor. It is also possible to provide it on the stator core and mold it integrally.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a front view of an electric motor showing an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a pigeon! The electrical circuit diagram of the control unit used for the 'Kimekki Stamp' shown in Figure 1,
Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the terminal (S), terminal σq) of the Hall element shown in Fig. 2, the output of the comparator, and the operating state of the transistor, and Fig. 4 is an electric motor showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. il+, (c)...Stator core, (Ilj, C3
31... Stator winding, (+ 31, (, da;)...
Rotor, (1!9, t16L (31, (40)...
・Permanent magnet, (181, (4υ...Hall element).

Claims (1)

[Claims] tJ) In a skeleton-type small electric motor with a 1m2 child core and a stator winding, the stator winding is a two-phase winding that conducts current between the father and the father, and a permanent magnet installed on the outer periphery of the rotor core and a rotor. A small electric motor characterized by comprising a Hall element that detects a rotational position and a control part that switches energization to a two-phase winding spool based on the output of the Hall element.