JPS60158553A - Alkaline battery - Google Patents

Alkaline battery

Info

Publication number
JPS60158553A
JPS60158553A JP59016623A JP1662384A JPS60158553A JP S60158553 A JPS60158553 A JP S60158553A JP 59016623 A JP59016623 A JP 59016623A JP 1662384 A JP1662384 A JP 1662384A JP S60158553 A JPS60158553 A JP S60158553A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
zinc
thallium
zinc oxide
active material
alkaline electrolyte
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP59016623A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Konosuke Ikeda
宏之助 池田
Satoshi Ubukawa
生川　訓
Mutsumi Yano
睦 矢野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Sanyo Denki Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Sanyo Denki Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanyo Electric Co Ltd, Sanyo Denki Co Ltd filed Critical Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP59016623A priority Critical patent/JPS60158553A/en
Publication of JPS60158553A publication Critical patent/JPS60158553A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/42—Alloys based on zinc
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To suppress hydrogen gas evolution to the similar extent as amalgamated zinc used as anode active material by using zinc-thalium alloy anode and alkaline electrolyte prepared by dissolving a specified amount of zinc oxide. CONSTITUTION:A zinc-thallium alloy anode and alkaline electrolyte containing 1-7% zinc oxide are used. For example, monothallium nitrate is dissolved in water, then zinc powder is added in this solution and stirred. Thallium deposited on the surface of zinc particle is alloyed with zinc from the surface in order. The solution is filtered out and zinc-thallium alloy is dried to obtain zinc-thallium alloy powder for anode active material. Potassium hydroxide solution is heated to 80 deg.C, and zinc oxide is added to the solution so that the content of the zinc oxide becomes 1-7% to obtain alkaline electrolyte.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （イ１　産業上の利用分野 本発明は亜鉛全陰極活物質とするアルカリ電池に関する
ものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to an alkaline battery using zinc as an all-cathode active material.

（ロ）従来技術 この種電池においては、陰極活物質としての亜鉛がアル
カリ電解液中に存在すると水素発生を伴いながら溶解し
、これが陰極の自己放電につながって保存性能を劣下さ
せると共に電池内部圧の」二昇によって漏液現象を招く
という不都合がある。(b) Conventional technology In this type of battery, when zinc as a cathode active material is present in an alkaline electrolyte, it dissolves while generating hydrogen, which leads to self-discharge of the cathode, deteriorating the storage performance and reducing the inside of the battery. There is an inconvenience that a rise in pressure causes liquid leakage.

このような不都合を防止するために陰極活物質として氷
化した亜鉛粉末が一般に用いられている。In order to prevent such disadvantages, frozen zinc powder is generally used as a cathode active material.

しかしながら、水銀は人体に極めて有害な物質であるの
で水銀を電池に使用することは大きな社会問題となって
いる。However, since mercury is an extremely harmful substance to the human body, the use of mercury in batteries has become a major social problem.

そのため、水銀の添加量を減じる目的で種々の添加剤を
加える提案がなされている。例えば特公昭５５−１３３
８６号公報では１隔食防止剤の添加が開示されている。Therefore, proposals have been made to add various additives for the purpose of reducing the amount of mercury added. For example, the special public service 133-1973
Publication No. 86 discloses the addition of an anti-seating agent.

ピ→　発明の目的 本発明の目的とするところは、水銀を用いることなく、
且永（ｊ亜鉛を陰極活物質とする場合と比較して水素ガ
ス発生量を遜色がない程度に抑制しうるアルカリ電池を
提供丁にとにある。Pi → Purpose of the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the use of mercury.
We now have an alkaline battery that can suppress the amount of hydrogen gas generated to a comparable level compared to the case where zinc is used as the cathode active material.

に）発明の構成 本発明は陽極と、亜鉛−タリウム合金を活物質とする陰
極と、酸化亜鉛を１〜７９５溶解したアルカリ電解液と
を備えたアルカリ電池にある。B) Structure of the Invention The present invention resides in an alkaline battery comprising an anode, a cathode containing a zinc-thallium alloy as an active material, and an alkaline electrolyte in which 1 to 795% of zinc oxide is dissolved.

（ホ）実癩例 水５００　ｍ／＝に硝酸第１タリウム５．０２を添加し
攪拌溶解させた後、亜鉛粉末５０Ｃｌ’ｅ加え１０分間
よ〈攬袢を行う。この際亜鉛粒子表面に付着したタリウ
ムは表面層Ｊ：り順次合金化される。(e) Example of Leprosy After adding 5.02 g of thallium nitrate to 500 m/= of water and stirring to dissolve, add 50 Cl'e of zinc powder and stir for 10 minutes. At this time, the thallium attached to the surface of the zinc particles is sequentially alloyed with the surface layer J.

ついで溶液を口過したのち得られた椎鉛−タリウム合金
を７０℃で乾燥して陰極活物質としての亜鉛−タリウム
合金粉末を得る。After the solution is passed through the mouth, the resulting vertebral lead-thallium alloy is dried at 70°C to obtain a zinc-thallium alloy powder as a cathode active material.

又、４０重量％水酸化カリウム水溶液全８０℃捷でＪｉ
４．温させた後、酸化亜鉛を譲変で１％、５ｑ６及び７
ｑ６になるように添加し溶解させて本発明のアルカリ電
解液を得る。In addition, Ji
4. After heating, add zinc oxide to 1%, 5q6 and 7.
The alkaline electrolyte of the present invention is obtained by adding and dissolving it so that the concentration is q6.

一方、比較のため従来より用いられている氷化亜鉛（氷
化率１．５％、３．Ｄｑ６．７．　Ｏｑ６Ｊ及び４０重
量％水酸化カリウム水溶液に酸化亜鉛を飽和溶解させた
アルカリ電解液を作成した） 第１表は曲鉛−タリウム合金粉末と氷化亜鉛粉末とを夫
々一定量取出し、これを酸化亜鉛濃度が異なる種々のア
ルカリ電解液中に展層し、濡変４５℃で３日間放置した
際のガス発生量を比較したものである。On the other hand, for comparison, we used conventionally used frozen zinc (freezing rate 1.5%, 3.Dq 6.7. Table 1 shows that fixed amounts of curved lead-thallium alloy powder and frozen zinc powder were taken out, spread in various alkaline electrolytes with different concentrations of zinc oxide, and soaked at 45°C for 3 days. This is a comparison of the amount of gas generated when left unattended.

又、第２表は曲鉛−タリウム合金粉末或いは氷化亜鉛粉
末を大々活物質とする陰極と、二酸化マンガンを活物質
とする陽極と、酸化亜鉛濃度が異なる種々の水酸化カリ
ウム水溶液よりなるアルカリ電解液とを用いて夫々１０
０個のアルカリ電池會作成し、２品度６０　℃、湿度９
０％で放置し６ケ月後の漏液個数を調べた結果を示す。Table 2 also shows cathodes containing curved lead-thallium alloy powder or frozen zinc powder as active materials, anodes containing manganese dioxide as active materials, and various potassium hydroxide aqueous solutions with different concentrations of zinc oxide. 10 each using an alkaline electrolyte
0 alkaline batteries were made, and the temperature was 60℃ and the humidity was 9.
The results of investigating the number of leaks after 6 months of being left at 0% are shown.

第１表 第１表及び第２表から明らかなように、汞化亜鉛ばその
氷化率が大になるほどガス発生量が減少し、又漏液現象
が抑制されるのがわかる。更にガス発生量及び漏液現象
は電解液中の酸化亜鉛濃度にも影響をうけることがわか
る。As is clear from Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that as the freezing rate of the zinc chloride bath increases, the amount of gas generated decreases and the leakage phenomenon is suppressed. Furthermore, it can be seen that the amount of gas generated and the leakage phenomenon are also affected by the zinc oxide concentration in the electrolyte.

さて、本発明電池のように陰極活物質として亜鉛−タリ
ウム合金粉末を用い、且酸化亜鉛ａｌｆが１〜７９６の
アルカリ電解液を用いた場合には、水銀全使用しないに
もかかわらず、汞化亜鉛を陰極活物質として用いる場合
と遜色がない電池性能が得られる。Now, when a zinc-thallium alloy powder is used as the cathode active material as in the battery of the present invention, and an alkaline electrolyte with a zinc oxide alf of 1 to 796 is used, even though mercury is not used at all, Battery performance comparable to that obtained when zinc is used as the cathode active material can be obtained.

（へ）発明の効果 上述した如く、亜鉛−タリウム合金を陰極活物質とし、
酸化亜鉛を１〜７％溶解したアルカリ電解液を用いるこ
とにより、人体に有害な水銀を用いることなく、且索化
亜鉛を陰極活物質とする場合に匹適する電池性能を有し
たアルカリ電池を得ることができるものでありその工業
的価値は極めて大である。(f) Effects of the invention As mentioned above, using a zinc-thallium alloy as a cathode active material,
By using an alkaline electrolyte in which 1 to 7% zinc oxide is dissolved, an alkaline battery can be obtained that does not use mercury, which is harmful to the human body, and has battery performance comparable to that when zinc oxide is used as the cathode active material. Therefore, its industrial value is extremely large.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] ■　陽極と、曲鉛−タリウム合金を活物質とする陰極と
、酸化亜鉛を１〜７ｑ６溶解したアルカリ電解液とを備
えたアルカリ電池。■ An alkaline battery comprising an anode, a cathode whose active material is a curved lead-thallium alloy, and an alkaline electrolyte in which 1 to 7q6 zinc oxides are dissolved.
JP59016623A 1984-01-30 1984-01-30 Alkaline battery Pending JPS60158553A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59016623A JPS60158553A (en) 1984-01-30 1984-01-30 Alkaline battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59016623A JPS60158553A (en) 1984-01-30 1984-01-30 Alkaline battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60158553A true JPS60158553A (en) 1985-08-19

Family

ID=11921468

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP59016623A Pending JPS60158553A (en) 1984-01-30 1984-01-30 Alkaline battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS60158553A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008011973A (en) * 2006-07-04 2008-01-24 Shimizu Corp Steam cleaner

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008011973A (en) * 2006-07-04 2008-01-24 Shimizu Corp Steam cleaner

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