JPS6014660B2 - Coolant supply device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a coolant supply device for a machine tool in which a tool or a tool holder having a coolant spouting passage directed toward the cutting edge of the blade is removably attached to the main shaft. To improve tool mounting accuracy by preventing chips and the like from adhering to the mounting surface, and to prevent chips and the like from accumulating in a coolant supply circuit and causing discharge failure of the cooler.

Conventionally, in machine tools that perform cutting by automatically changing various types of tools, coolant is supplied to the tool cutting edge from a coolant jet that is drilled into the tool in order to prevent tool wear and remove heat generation. However, since the connection between the coolant ejection path on the tool side and the coolant supply path on the spindle side is severed when the tool is replaced, the coolant flows out onto the tool mounting surface and is contained in this coolant. Fine chips adhere to the tool mounting surface, impairing tool mounting accuracy and deteriorating machining accuracy.

In addition, the diameter of the coolant ejection passage and the uneven coolant supply passage in the main shaft is small due to problems with the surface, and chips contained in the coolant may accumulate in these small diameter passages, resulting in insufficient coolant discharge. L, there was a point. The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its gist is a coolant supply V supply device and a clean fluid supply device that supplies clean fluid to the coolant supply path bored in the main shaft after the coolant supply has stopped. This is because we were able to connect the . A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In Fig. 1, 1 is the main shaft, bearings 3 in the shaft head 2,
41, the tool 7 is rotatably supported by a gear 5 bonded to the main shaft 1, transmits the rotational force of a drive source (not shown) to the tool 7, and is supported so as to be movable toward and away from a workpiece (not shown). ing. 8 is a cotton swab, and a tightening member 9 having radial holes 9a is fixed to one end thereof.

A ball 10 is loosely inserted into the hole 9a, and a number of disc springs are installed between the intermediate flange 12 of the vertical shank 8 and a washer la fixed to a shoulder seat of a cylindrical hole formed inside the main shaft 1. 11 is clamped, and the ball 10, which is bound to the tightening member 9 by the repulsive force of the disc spring 11, is pressed against the stepped part 13 of the tool 7, and the tool 7 is drilled at the negative end of the main shaft 1. The tool is mounted and tightened in the provided tool mounting hole 14. A loosening rod 15 is provided at the other end of the tightening rod 8 to move the tightening rod 8 against the repulsive force of the disc spring so that the tool 7 can be removed from the main shaft 1. is located. The loosening rod 15 is operated by a fluid pressure cylinder (not shown). 20 is fixed to the shaft head 2 and rotatably supports the main shaft 1;
In addition, at the joint part village where the supply path 21 is drilled, the electric pump 3
The coolant liquid discharged from the main shaft 1 passes through the check valve 31 and flows through the inflow pipe 32, the supply path 21, the supply path 22 of the main shaft 1,
Supply path 23 of the vertical shank 8 and ejection path 24 of the tool 7
, 25, the coolant is supplied to the cutting edge of the cutting tool 7a provided at the tip of the tool 7.

A cylindrical hole 13a formed inside the stepped portion 13 of the tool 7
A protruding portion 8a at one end of the cotton swab 8 is slidably fitted with iron while sealing the coolant. The cylindrical hole 13a passes through the jetting passage 24725 of the tool 7 and forms a customs port opening at one end on the main shaft side. One side tightening rod 8
A coolant supply passage 23 that can be connected to the lotus customs port is bored in the protrusion 8a, and when the tool 7 is attached to the main shaft, the coolant supply passage 23 and the tool jetting passages 24 and 25 are connected to each other. Also, by removing the tool 7, the coolant supply path 2
One end of the protrusion 8a side of the protrusion 3 is opened into the tool mounting hole 14. Furthermore, in the present invention, a cleaning liquid that does not contain fine chips and the like like the coolant is supplied to the inflow pipe 32 from the integrated electric pump 40 via the check valve 41 and the inflow pipe 42. It has become. The operation of the above configuration will be explained below.

In FIG. 1, the tool 7 is attached to the tool mounting hole 14 of the main spindle 1, and the vertical rod 8 is pressed by the repulsive force of the disc spring 11, and the ball 10 is pressed against the stepped part 13 of the tool 7. The tool 7 is engaged with and vertically attached to the tool mounting hole 14. In this state, the main shaft 1 is rotated by an unillustrated drive source, and at the same time, the coolant supply electric pump 30 is started, and the coolant is supplied to the check valve 31, the inflow pipe 32, the supply passages 22, 23, and the ejection passage 24.
, 25 to the cutting edge. Next, the tool 7 advances toward a workpiece (not shown) to perform machining, and when this machining operation is completed, the tool 7 is separated from the workpiece and retreated.
Simultaneously with this retreat, the electric pump 30 is stopped to stop the supply of cutting coolant, and then the cleaning liquid supply electric pump 40 is operated to supply the cleaning liquid to the check valve 41 and the inflow pipe 3.
2. It is ejected from the supply passages 22, 23 and the ejection passages 24, 25. By supplying this cleaning liquid, the coolant, chips, etc. accumulated in the coolant supply circuit are discharged.
When the main shaft 1 reaches the backward end, the main shaft 1 stops rotating, the tightening rod 8 is loosened by the loosening rod 15, and the tool 7 is replaced with a new tool 7 by a well-known tool changer.
When this new tool 7 is installed in the tool mounting hole 14, the cotton pad 8 is pressed by the disc spring, and the new tool 7 is engaged and attached to the tool mounting hole 14 from the ball 1. At the same time as the replacement of the new tool 7 is completed, the cleaning liquid supply V power supply pump 40 is stopped, and the supply of the cleaning liquid is stopped. Subsequently, the main shaft 1 is rotated, the electric pump 30 is started, and the machining operation is performed in the same manner as described above. In the above embodiment, the cleaning liquid is supplied after the coolant is supplied, so that chips, etc. do not adhere to the tool mounting hole and the engagement surfaces of new and old tools, and chips, etc. do not accumulate in the coolant supply circuit. There is no decrease in the number of bases discharged. In the above embodiment, in the coolant supply circuit, the coolant supply joint path 22,
23 and the coolant jets 24 and 25 are sealed and connected by the protruding part 8a and the cylindrical hole 13a, and since there is little chance of coolant leaking and there is little adhesion of chips to the tool mounting hole, the cleaning liquid It is also possible to shorten the connection time by setting a timer or the like. Furthermore, in order to reliably prevent this coolant from leaking, coolant or cleaning liquid under pressure from the coolant supply V-supply electric pump 30 and the cleaning liquid supply electric pump 40 must be supplied into the coolant supply path 23 in the abutting portion 8a. It is best to install a check valve that allows only the water to flow through.
The used cleaning fluid is collected in the coolant tank. Next, a second embodiment will be explained. The difference from the first embodiment is that a cleaning agent is used instead of a cleaning liquid, and this point will also be explained with reference to FIG. 30 is an electric pump, and the coolant discharged by this pump passes through a check valve 31 and enters the inflow pipe 3.
2, the coolant is supplied under pressure as often as shown in the first embodiment.

An inflow pipe 50 connected to an air source is connected to the inflow pipe 32 via an unillustrated switching valve. 51 is a check valve provided in this conduit.

The operation of the above embodiment is as follows. At the same time as the main shaft 1 rotates, the electric pump 30 is started and coolant is supplied to the cutting edge. The tool is advanced toward the workpiece, machined, and then retracted. Simultaneously with this retraction, the electric pump 30 is stopped, the supply of coolant is stopped, and then a switching valve (not shown) is switched to supply coolant to the coolant supply circuit. When the main spindle 1 reaches the retreat end, the rotation of the main spindle 1 is stopped, the tool 7 is loosened, and the tool 7 is replaced with a new tool 7 by a well-known tool changer. This new tool 7 is installed in the tool mounting hole 14 and is engaged and fastened by the tightening bar 8.
The spouting of the air is carried out even while the tool 7 is being replaced,
At this time, the projection 8a and the cylindrical hole 13a are disengaged, and the air is ejected from the inner hole of the projection 8a. When the main shaft 1 starts rotating, this jet is stopped and replaced by the electric pump 3.
0 is activated and coolant supply is resumed. By supplying the coolant, the coolant and chips accumulated in the coolant supply circuit are discharged, and the inside of the coolant supply circuit is dried to prevent rusting. , the engagement surface of the old tool 7 can be cleaned and the mounting accuracy of the tool 7 can be improved. Next, a third embodiment will be described.

The difference from the first embodiment is that a cleaner is used after the cleaning liquid is supplied, and this point will be explained with reference to FIG. 30 is a coolant supply electric pump, and 40' is a cleaning liquid supply electric pump, which are connected to the coolant supply circuit via inlet pipes 32 and 42 via check valves 31 and 41, respectively.

An inflow pipe 50 connected to an air source is connected to the inflow pipe 42 via an unillustrated gate valve. 51 is a check valve provided in this conduit.

The operation of the above embodiment is as follows. At the same time as the main shaft 1 rotates, the electric pump 30 is started and coolant is supplied to the cutting edge. The tool advances toward the workpiece, performs machining, and then retreats. At the same time as this retraction, the electric pump 30 is stopped, and the supply of coolant is stopped. Subsequently, the electric pump 40 for supplying cleaning liquid is operated for a predetermined time set shorter than the retraction time of the tool 7 by a timer (not shown), and the cleaning liquid is is supplied to the cutting edge. When the timer expires, the electric pump 40 is stopped and the supply of cleaning fluid is stopped, and then an unillustrated switching valve is switched and water is ejected from the coolant supply groove circuit. When the main spindle 1 reaches the retreat end, the rotation of the main spindle 1 is stopped, the tool 7 is loosened, and the tool 7 is replaced with a new tool 7 by a well-known tool changer. This new tool 7
is attached to the tool mounting hole 14 and vertically engaged with the tightening rod 8. The jetting of the coolant continues even while the tool 7 is being replaced, and when the main shaft 1 starts rotating, the jetting is stopped and the electric pump 30 is started instead to supply coolant. By supplying the cleaning liquid, the coolant and chips accumulated in the coolant supply circuit are discharged, and by supplying the cleaner, the cleaning liquid and fine chips, etc. in the circuit are discharged, and the tool mounting hole 14 is removed. Also, the engagement surfaces of the new and old tools 7 can be cleaned to improve tool mounting accuracy. Further, a fourth embodiment will be explained. The difference from the third embodiment is that a air actuating cylinder is used instead of the electric pump for supplying cleaning fluid. In FIG. 4, there are three coolant supply electric pumps, and this coolant is sent to the coolant supply circuit via a check valve 31 and an inlet pipe 32. The booster cylinder is a six-way operating booster cylinder having a large diameter chamber 61 and a small diameter chamber 62, and a large diameter piston 63 and a small diameter piston 64 integrated therewith are fitted with iron so that they can slide freely into each chamber.

Reference numeral 65 designates a spring for reciprocating the large piston 63.

The cleaning liquid tank 43 and the small diameter chamber 62 are connected to each other via a check valve 44, and the small diameter chamber 62 and the inflow pipe 32 are connected to each other via a check valve 41. The large diameter chamber 61
is connected to the air source via a switching valve (not shown). A port 6 bored in the inflow pipe 32 and the large diameter chamber 61
6 via a check valve 51.
6, when the large pot piston 63 is in the original position (the state shown in FIG. 4), no air is discharged, but when this large pot piston 63 reaches the forward end, the air is discharged. There is.
The operation of the above embodiment is as follows. Simultaneously with the rotation of the main shaft 1, the electric pump 30 is started and coolant is supplied to the cutting edge. The tool advances toward the workpiece, performs machining, and then retreats. At the same time as this retraction, the electric pump 30 is stopped and the supply of coolant is stopped, and then the air switching valve (not shown) is switched and the air is transferred to the large diameter chamber 61 of the cylinder 60.
The large piston 63 is moved to the small diameter chamber 62 side. In response to this, the small-diameter piston 64 discharges the cleaning liquid in the filtration chamber 62, and this cleaning liquid is supplied to the coolant supply circuit in place of the coolant. The large diameter piston 63
When it reaches the forward end, the movement of the forward flea piston 64 also stops, and the discharge of the cleaning liquid is stopped. At the same time, the air port 66 is closed and air is supplied to the coolant supply circuit in place of the cleaning fluid. The supply of coolant is continued even while the tool 7 is being replaced, and when the main shaft 1 starts rotating, this jetting is stopped and instead the electric pump 30 is started and the supply of coolant is resumed. To stop the jetting of the air, the air switching valve is switched in response to the main shaft rotation signal, and the supply of air to the large diameter chamber 61 is stopped, and the large piston 63 is moved by the repulsive force of the spring 65. This is done by returning to the original position and closing the port 66. At the same time, the small diameter chamber 62 is filled with cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid tank 43 via the check valve 44 in preparation for the next discharge. According to this embodiment, in addition to discharging chips in the coolant supply circuit and cleaning the tool mounting hole and the engagement surfaces of new and old tools, the use of the air-operated booster cylinder eliminates the need for a cleaning fluid supply electric pump. Cleaning liquid and air can be supplied sequentially and accurately.
As described above, the present invention provides a tool or a tool holder that is removably attached to the spindle, and has a coolant outlet that is closed toward the cutting edge of the cutting tool, and a lotus customs port that opens at one end on the spindle side. is opened at the end of the vertical rod in the main shaft, a coolant supply path that can be connected to the communication opening is bored, a coolant supply device is connected to the coolant supply path, and Since a clean fluid supply device that supplies clean fluid after supplying the coolant is connected to the coolant supply joint path, when the tool is attached or removed, the clean fluid is ejected from the coolant supply path that closes in the tool mounting hole, thereby cleaning the tool mounting surface. Therefore, there are advantages in that chips and the like do not adhere to the tool, improving tool mounting accuracy, and that a predetermined amount of coolant can be reliably supplied to the cutting edge over a long period of time, improving machining efficiency.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] The drawings all show an embodiment according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 are views of a coolant and clean fluid supply device, respectively. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the third and fourth embodiments. 1... Spindle, 7... Tool or tool holder, 7a... Cutting tool, 21, 22, 23...
- Coolant supply path, 24, 25... Coolant jetting path, 30, 31... Coolant supply device, 40, 51, 60... Clean fluid supply device. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A machine tool in which a tool or a tool holder is detachably attached to one end of the spindle by moving a tightening rod inserted through the center of the spindle and biased in the tool tightening direction in the axial direction, The tool or tool holder is provided with a coolant spouting passage that opens toward the cutting edge of the cutting tool, and a communication opening that communicates with the coolant spouting passage and opens at one end on the spindle side, so that the tightening rod inserted into the spindle can be opened. A coolant supply path is opened and can be connected to and separated from the communication opening, and the coolant supply device is connected to the coolant supply path, and a clean fluid supply device that supplies clean fluid after the coolant supply is stopped is connected to the coolant supply path. A coolant supply device characterized by: 2. A clean fluid supply device and an air supply device are provided as the clean fluid supply device, and after the coolant supply is stopped, the clean fluid is supplied to the coolant supply path, and then air is supplied. The coolant supply device according to scope 1.