JPS6014376Y2 - Agricultural greenhouse interior covering curtain - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention is a curtain that covers the inside of an agricultural greenhouse (greenhouse), which is made of a thermoplastic long-fiber nonwoven fabric that increases the heat retention efficiency of agricultural greenhouses, etc., and utilizes its properties of appropriate breathability and water retention. It is related to.

In recent years, agriculture has become more diversified, and early cultivation and four-season cultivation have become widespread, especially with the aim of achieving high profits, and greenhouse cultivation is being used as one of the cultivation methods for this purpose.

Usually, glass and films are often used for the outer walls of greenhouses, as translucency is particularly required for crop growth.

However, a house covered with these outer walls alone does not provide sufficient heat retention during winter or in cold regions, especially at night, so a so-called double-curtain system inside the house, in which a covered curtain for the lining is placed inside the outer wall, has been adopted.

Conventionally, films made of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, etc., have often been used as curtains to cover the inside of greenhouses, but these films have poor breathability, resulting in abnormally high internal humidity, which can cause damage to crops. Cases of adverse effects on growth were often seen.

Furthermore, when the outside temperature drops at night, the moisture inside becomes dew and adheres to the film surface, which becomes water droplets that fall onto the crops, causing diseases and other problems.

In recent years, nonwoven fabrics have come into use as materials that improve the shortcomings of these conventionally used films and have excellent strength.

Long-fiber nonwoven fabrics have stronger tear strength than films,
In addition to features such as being lightweight and non-sticky (blocking), making it easy to work with, and being able to be sewn with a sewing machine, a further desirable property is that it has appropriate breathability, making it easy to use when using films. As such, there is no abnormally high humidity inside, and there is no so-called dew condensation phenomenon even when the temperature drops at night, so there is no risk of disease caused by falling water droplets or other negative effects on crop growth. It can be said that it is an extremely excellent material because it has no porosity.

This is because there is an air layer between the fibers in the nonwoven fabric, making it breathable, which prevents an abnormal rise in humidity inside the curtain, and also allows moisture to flow between these fibers even when the temperature drops at night. Since it is retained, water droplets do not adhere to the inner surface as in the case of film, and therefore exhibit excellent properties as a curtain for covering the inside of a house.

The inventors of the present invention focused on nonwoven fabrics with many of these features, and
As a result of extensive research, we have developed a nonwoven fabric that has even better heat retention than conventional nonwoven fabrics for indoor curtains.

That is, the present invention has a single yarn fineness of 0.5 to 3. It is made of thermoplastic long fibers with an area of 6 to 60%, and the long fibers are partially bonded by thermocompression, and the thickness of the non-thermocompression bonded part is 0.08 to 0.5 mm. Heat compression bonding part 1
A nonwoven fabric in which the total length of the fibers present in the material is 0.7 m or more and has a date of 20 to 100 y/d is used as a covering curtain inside an agricultural greenhouse.

The facilities developed with this invention have advantages compared to films that use conventional nonwoven fabrics, such as higher tear strength, better workability due to being lightweight and non-sticky, and an abnormally high humidity inside. Not only does it have the properties of not causing any damage to the crops due to dew condensation on the internal surface, but it also has a suitable level of light transmission, and it also has heat retention, which is the original purpose of greenhouse cultivation. This has a remarkable effect in terms of improving.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below.

The thermoplastic long fibers referred to in this invention are long fibers such as polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, but from the viewpoint of long-term weather resistance. Therefore, polyester-based long-fiber nonwoven fabrics typified by polyethylene terephthalate are preferred.

The most suitable long-fiber nonwoven fabric according to the present invention is a nonwoven fabric manufactured by the so-called spunbond method, in which fibers are drawn with high-speed airflow and reweb-formed, and the fibers are bonded by partial thermocompression bonding.

In other words, as mentioned above, the house interior covering curtain of the present invention has properties such as tear strength, appropriate breathability and translucency, and water retention (prevention of dew condensation), as well as superior heat retention compared to conventional products. In order to have both of these properties, it is preferable to partially bond the fibers by thermocompression.

More specifically, the novel long-fiber nonwoven fabric for indoor covering curtains according to the present invention has an average fineness of single yarns of 0.5 to 3.
0 denier, and by using such thin fibers, when compared with products of the same date, compared to nonwoven fabrics with an average fineness exceeding 3.0 denier, which is the most abundant and easily manufactured nonwoven fabric. Fiber density (in this invention, it means the total length of fibers present per unit volume.

) is large, which is thought to result in superior heat retention compared to conventional products.

In the case of the present invention, it is preferably 1.5 denier or less, especially in order to increase heat retention efficiency.

It should be noted that if the average fineness is less than 0.5 denier, the stability of spinning deteriorates and productivity also decreases, which is not preferable.

The resulting web is partially thermocompressed using a heating roll to bond fibers together, and the area ratio of the thermocompression bonded portion of the nonwoven fabric according to the present invention is 6 to 60%, preferably 10 to 50%.
It is necessary that

The thermocompression-bonded part referred to here is a part where many fibers are overlapped and fixed by pressure.This part has excellent translucency and has the function of suppressing the generation of fluff, but it also has poor breathability and tearing. Not strong enough.

On the other hand, in the non-thermocompression bonded part, the fibers are not completely fixed,
Since there is an air layer between these fibers, this part has air permeability and water retention, but on the other hand, fluff tends to occur easily, and the light transmittance is poor due to diffused reflection on the fiber surface.

For the above reasons, the above range of thermocompression bonding area ratio is selected in order to have appropriate air permeability, water retention, and translucency, and to maintain tear strength while preventing the generation of fuzz during work as much as possible.

The size, shape and arrangement of the parts to be partially thermocompressed can be arbitrarily selected, such as continuous or discontinuous, within the range that satisfies the above-mentioned area ratio.

Furthermore, in order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the thickness of the non-thermo-compressed part and the total fiber length present per unit volume of this non-thermo-compressed part have important meanings, and the thickness is 0.08 to 0.5.
The clay, preferably 0.1 mm or more and 0.45 mm or less, and the total length of the fibers in the volume of 1771113 is 0.7 m or more, preferably 1. O? It needs to be FL or higher.

If the thickness of the non-thermo-bonded part is less than 0.08 mm, even though it is a non-thermo-bonded part, it will be subjected to a considerable degree of compressive force, and regardless of the size of the partial heat-compression bonded area ratio, it will become film-like as a whole, resulting in poor tear strength and ventilation. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.577EIK, the light transmittance will be significantly reduced, which is also unsuitable.

- According to a more detailed study by the creators of the strength wood, it was found that the overall length of the fibers present per unit volume of the non-crimped portion has an effect on improving the heat retention, which is the objective of this invention. did.

Specifically, if the total fiber length present in the non-thermocompression bonded portion ITlrm3 is less than 0.7-7L, no significant heat retention effect will be observed.

This is because when the fiber length within a unit volume is long, the minimum volume of the space surrounded by the fibers becomes smaller and the heat retention efficiency improves, whereas when the fiber length is short, the space surrounded by the fibers becomes smaller. It is thought that as a result of the minimum volume increasing, the heat retention efficiency decreases.

The date of the nonwoven fabric used in this invention is 20 to 1
00f/d, preferably in the range of 25 to 809/lri, is suitable; if it is less than 20y/rI1, problems will arise especially in terms of strength characteristics, while if it exceeds 100f/-, the translucency will decrease and This cannot necessarily be said to be suitable from an economic point of view.

Further, there is no problem even if the non-woven fabric for a house covering curtain according to the present invention is processed with a resin such as acrylic ester for the purpose of preventing fuzz or for other purposes.

Further, the present invention will be explained according to the drawings.

1 and 2 are front views showing an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is an outer wall of an agricultural greenhouse, 2 is a covered curtain made of nonwoven fabric, and 3 is a support for the covered curtain.

Depending on the type of crop, if there is a need to particularly strengthen heat retention, there is a way to completely double cover the crop as shown in Figure 1, but if the crop needs to be exposed to sunlight in the morning, a second coat can be used. As shown in the figure, the upper surface is mainly covered,
It can also be used in structures that allow sunlight to enter from part of the side surface.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are examples of nonwoven fabrics used in the present invention, and show examples of nonwoven fabrics comprising a thermocompression bonded portion 4 and a non-thermocompression bonded portion 5. FIG.

FIG. 5 shows the outside temperature and the temperature characteristics inside the house covering curtain when the nonwoven fabric according to the present invention, a conventional general nonwoven fabric, and agricultural vinyl film are used as the covering curtain inside the house.

In general, a difference in temperature of 1 to 2 degrees Celsius, especially at night, has a very large effect on crop growth, and as shown in Figure 3, it can be seen that the use of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention (solid line 4) has a remarkable effect of improving heat retention. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are front views showing examples of embodiments of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an outer wall of an agricultural greenhouse, 2 is a nonwoven fabric covered curtain inside the greenhouse, and 3 is a support for the covered curtain. 3 and 4 are perspective views showing an example of the nonwoven fabric used in the present invention, in which 4 indicates a thermocompression bonded portion and 5 indicates a non-thermocompression bonded portion. FIG. 5 shows the outside temperature and the temperature characteristics inside the house covering curtain when the nonwoven fabric according to the present invention, a conventional general nonwoven fabric, and agricultural vinyl film are used as the covering curtain inside the house. In the figure, a solid line 6 indicates the case where the nonwoven fabric according to the present invention is used. (Single yarn fineness 1.2 denier, partial crimping area ratio 25%, thickness 0.3577Ell, total fiber length in non-thermo-crimped part 1TrgIL3 1.48 milk, date 5R/Wt) Dotted line 7 shows conventional non-woven fabric Indicate the case. (Single yarn fineness 4.07'neel, partial crimped area ratio 25%,
Thickness: 0.32 mm, total fiber length in 1 to 3 non-thermo-bonded parts: 0.
8 milk, date 50y/d) Dotted line 8 shows the case where PVC film was used. (Transparent, thickness 0.05m++t) Solid line 9 indicates the outside temperature.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Consisting of thermoplastic long fibers with a single filament fineness of 0.5 to 3.0 deniers, these long fibers are partially bonded by thermocompression with an area of 6 to 60%, and the non-thermocompression bonded portion is 0.08 denier.
~0.5mm thick, and this non-thermo-bonded part 1 wt.
An agricultural greenhouse interior covering curtain made of a non-woven fabric in which the total length of fibers present in t'' is 0.7rrL or more and the date is 20 to 100 f/ly?