JPS60139351A - Separation plate type centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a separation plate type centrifugal separator suitable for separating a liquid containing a treating substance easy to generate particle destruction, by providing a liquid sump part having a predetermined depth at a position where a treating liquid emitted from a guide nozzle is impinged against an inner wall. CONSTITUTION:Blood is accumulated in a tank 16 and introduced into a rotary cylinder 9 from a guide nozzle 19 while the blood emitted from an outflow port 33 is accumulated in the base end part of a support cylinder 26 through a first liquid sump part 36, a first annular projection 34, a second liquid sump part 38 and a second annular projection 37. In the next step, blood guided into separation plates 40 from through-holes 39, 40d is separated into two portions, that is, blood corpuscles and serum by centrifugal force so as to interpose a center line N being the boundary therebetween. Blood corpuscles are taken out from an outtake pipe 20 through an outflow line 8, an outflow port 47 and an intermediate trap 11 while serum rises through the spaces between the separation plates 40 and passes through the spaces between vertical ribs 40a upwardly and is taken out from a drain pipe 21 through an outflow line 42 and an upper trap 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement in a separating plate centrifuge that uses centrifugal force to separate liquids based on the difference in specific gravity.

(Prior art) Separator plate type centrifuges are used, for example, in the food industry to separate cream from milk and recover coffee oil, and in the industrial industry to reform engine fuel oil and clean quenching oil. It is widely used in fields such as playback and reproduction.

The main structure of this type of centrifuge is shown in Figure 1.
A truncated conical guide cylinder (C
1 is provided, the mixed liquid is injected downward from the upper part of this guide cylinder (C1, and this mixed liquid is inverted outward and upward from the lower edge of the guide cylinder, guided into the circular cylinder (bl) 5 times, and the mixed liquid is introduced into the circular part 1. The components of the mixed liquid are separated by the action of centrifugal force and the difference in specific gravity by passing between a large number of dividing plates (dl) consisting of table-shaped thin plates. Let it overflow from the opening.

It is designed to be collected.

In recent years, there has been a desire to separate single-celled organisms or microorganisms from body fluids, such as blood, at high speed without destroying these cells, but the conventional centrifuge structure as described above is unable to do so. , its realization was extremely difficult. That is, in a conventional separating plate centrifuge, the rate is 5,000 to io, oo per minute.

Inside the guide tube (C), which performs high-speed rotation, the shearing force when it collides with the inner wall of the tube is large, causing single-celled organisms to be destroyed and trapped, making it impossible to achieve the desired purpose.

It is possible to prevent the destruction of single-celled organisms by reducing the rotational speed of the guide tube, but in this case, the processing capacity will decrease, and this will not meet the goals of industrialization, which is mass processing and high speed. .

(Object of the Invention) The present invention aims to provide a separating plate centrifuge suitable for separating a process material that is likely to cause particle destruction, particularly a liquid containing single-celled organisms or microorganisms.

(Structure of the Invention) The separating plate type centrifuge of the present invention includes five driving means, a rotary cylinder rotated by the driving means, and a rotating cylinder disposed in the center of the rotary cylinder, which carries the processing liquid to be separated into the cylinder. In a centrifuge, the centrifuge includes a guide tube that is guided into the rotary tube after being introduced into the rotary tube, and a separation plate disposed in an annular portion between the guide tube and the inside of the rotary tube, the lower end of which is inserted into the guide tube, A guide nozzle is provided for discharging the introduced processing liquid onto the inner wall of the guide cylinder, and a liquid reservoir having a required depth is provided on the inner wall of the guide cylinder at a position where the processing liquid from the guide nozzle collides with the inner wall. It is.

Further, the liquid reservoir is formed with at least one annular protrusion continuous to the inner wall of the guide tube, and preferably has two annular protrusions.
The processing liquid is supplied to the separation plate by having annular protrusions at more than one location over the plurality of liquid reservoirs along the inner wall.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on FIG. 2 and subsequent figures.

In Figure 2, (1) is made of plywood, (3) is a hollow box-shaped frame placed on the top surface (2) of plywood (1), and the top wall of this frame (3) is An intermediate portion and a lower end portion of a vertical rotating shaft (6) are respectively pivotally supported by a bearing (4) fitted in the provided through hole and a bearing (5) also provided on the bottom wall.

A worm (6a) is cut on the outer periphery of the lower end of the rotating shaft (6), and the shaft (7) of the worm wheel (7) meshes with the worm (6a).
8) is connected to a drive means (not shown), that is, a motor.

The upper end of the rotating shaft (6) is formed into a fitting part (6b) consisting of a plurality of tapered surfaces, and the fitting part (6b) is formed with a plurality of tapered surfaces.
b) is fitted with a rotary cylinder (9) as described in detail later.

A bottomed cylindrical lower trap Q(I) surrounding the outer periphery of the rotating cylinder (9) is provided on the upper surface of the frame (3), and a cylindrical middle trap is provided above this lower trap αO aυ and the upper trap 02 are placed in two stages, and on the upper surface of the upper trap (12) is a lid body (with a trapezoidal cross section).
L31 is placed there.

Lid body (3), upper trap o dry and middle trap (1
1+ has a plurality of trap tightening rods 0 (a) whose lower ends are pivoted (x4a) to the lower trap 00) and are fastened together watertightly.

At the center of the lid body (131), there is attached a tank A61 for storing liquid, which has a plate U51 inside.In the center of the ceiling of the tank (t[il], an inlet pipe (171) is connected. Similarly, at the center of the bottom surface, a guide nozzle Ql is attached below an orifice which is connected to the float aω.The lower end of this guide nozzle fl is connected to the rotary cylinder as will be described in detail later. (9) Rushing inwards.

■ (2I) is the extraction pipe of the middle trap 01) and upper trap 0, respectively (22 is the drain, (23) is the 5
Brake handle of rotating cylinder (9) (241 is a stopper).

Next, the structure of the rotating cylinder (9) will be explained in detail with reference to FIG.

C! 5) is a cylindrical bowl with a bottom, at the center of the bottom of which is formed a support cylinder with an upwardly tapered surface (26a);

The upper end is fitted with a conical fluid divider (6C) cut into the outer periphery of the lower A1.
By screwing and tightening the flanged cap nut c'0 of 27a), the bowl (25 is the rotating shaft (6)
It is designed so that it can rotate integrally with the

CI! 8) is a guide cylinder with a female thread (29a
) is formed by sequentially connecting a cylindrical body (end) having two stepped portions G and an umbrella-shaped portion O1l whose diameter is enlarged in the shape of a truncated cone, so as to cover the support tube (20). Then, this support cylinder C1'
[It is placed on the inner bottom surface of the bowl (251) so as to force it concentrically with the bowl (251).

The outer circumferential surface of the middle part of the guide nozzle 11 has a ring 0 for preventing overflow on the female threaded part (29a) of the cylindrical part (21).
2 is installed and hitting.

The trumpet-shaped opening at the bottom of the guide nozzle a■ (1
9b), the fluid part (27a) at the tip of the cap nut (2η) enters a little, and there is a guide tube between the circumferential surface of the cap nut c17 and the opening (19b). An annular outlet (c) is formed toward the inner surface of the body (to) of 081.

The flow of liquid from this outlet 03), that is, the streamline (5
) collides with the inner surface of the body C30) from the position (p),
A first annular projection Q41 having a chevron-shaped top facing inward is formed slightly downward on the inner surface of the body (7), and this first annular projection C341 and a stepped portion 0 at the upper end of the body (to) !
19, a first liquid reservoir (to) is formed.

The position of the first annular projection 04 and the depth of the first liquid reservoir (7) are changed depending on the viscosity and specific gravity of the processing liquid.

A second annular protrusion 0D in the shape of a chevron facing inward is formed on the inner surface of the connecting part between the body part (end) and the umbrella-shaped part C'l11. A liquid reservoir (2) is formed.

The separation liquid flowing into the upper surface of the lower end of the support tube is
In order to guide the liquid out of the liquid, an appropriate number of holes are drilled at important points in the umbrella-shaped part C; It is now being supplied to the middle class. (4Oa), the umbrella-shaped branch 1 is made of a board, and the guide tube (
A) A large number of vertical ribs (ZSa) are fitted into the vertical ribs (ZSa) that protrude from the top and bottom with key grooves in their center holes. The provided spacer plates (40b) maintain equal distance from each other, and constitute a separation plate set (4F) as a whole.

The through hole clI is located near the outer periphery of each separation plate (SOa).
A through hole (40C) is drilled concentrically with the hole (40C).

A top disk (4υ) is fixed to the uppermost separation plate (4oa) via a spacer plate (4ob).The center hole edge of this top disk (4υ) extends upward to form a cylindrical portion ( An outflow path (4ia) is formed between the guide cylinder (2) and the outer peripheral surface of the guide tube (2).

@3 is a ball cover with an open top surface, which is placed on the bowl (25) via the 5 perakin (44) so as to cover the two openings, and the ball cover is
45), the top disk (41), the separating plate set (4), and the guide tube (2) are fastened to the bowl (A).

An annular ring dam (461) is attached to the opening of the ball cover (43), and an outflow port to the middle trap αυ is provided between the opening edge of the ring dam (46) and the top disk (41). (4'0 is opened, and a spacer plate (41b) is interposed between the lower surface of the ball cover (4'0) and the upper surface of the top disk (41).
48) is formed.

Rotating tube (9), i.e. bowl (c), - bowl cover (
43, the guide tube I2g+ and the separation plate (40) rotate together, but the guide nozzle 09 remains stationary.

The liquid to be separated (Bl is, for example, animal blood), and Kerr is the liquid component consisting of proteins and water, namely blood plasma (q) and white blood cells (1), as shown in Figure 4.
), red blood cells (red blood cells), platelets (formed components consisting of one organ, blood cells (Q)).

The centrifuge of the present invention converts this blood (B) into plasma (C1
It is introduced into the rotating cylinder (9) from the guide nozzle a9.

As shown in FIG.
It goes over the first annular projection C14) and enters the second liquid reservoir (to), and then goes over the second annular projection 07I and enters the support tube (2
(Accumulates at the proximal end of i+.

Next, the blood (B) is introduced into the separation plate (1) from the through holes C31 and (sod) due to centrifugal force and due to the difference in specific gravity.

The center line (N) passing through the holes 01 and (4ob) is used as a border to divide blood cells (CI1) with high specific gravity into blood cells (C) with low specific gravity into inner and outer halves.

Blood cells (q) pass through the outflow path (481), overflow from the outflow port (47) as indicated by the arrow, enter the middle trap αυ 9, and are taken out from the extraction tube (201).

Blood plasma (q rises through each separation plate (4Ij),
It passes upward between the vertical ribs (4 oa), passes through the outflow path (4 oa), proceeds as indicated by the arrow (J), enters the upper trap θ, and is taken out from the 9° take-out pipe (211).

(Effects of Examples) As described above in detail, in the separating plate centrifuge of the present invention, the lower end thereof is inserted into the guide cylinder, and the introduced processing liquid collides with the inner wall of the guide cylinder. By providing a liquid reservoir having a required depth at the position where the liquid is to be treated, the shearing force due to the centrifugal force applied to the liquid to be treated is reduced.

Therefore, for example, when the blood used as the processing liquid is separated into blood cells as in the above embodiment, or when the blood collides with the guide cylinder, the reservoir formed in the liquid reservoir in advance can be used. Since it collides with the liquid and does not directly collide with the inner wall, the impact is small, the destruction of blood cells can be eliminated, and the blood separation effect can be enhanced.

In addition, air bubbles that are contained in the blood during the process of passing from the first liquid reservoir, over the first annular protrusion, into the second liquid reservoir, and then over the second annular protrusion, which interfere with the separation effect. teeth,
Push it towards the center of the rotation axis! As a result, these are allowed to escape through the upper opening of the guide tube.

Therefore, the effect of separating the separated blood plasma and blood cells in the separation plate can be enhanced.

(Other Examples) What is shown in FIG. 6 is the first annular protrusion 04 shown in FIG.
) and the second annular protrusion on the inner wall of the body (3), a third annular protrusion is further provided in series, and there are three liquid reservoirs.

By doing this, the illll of bubbles in the processing solution can be reduced.
You can make your aid even more generous.

(Effects of the Invention) The separating plate centrifuge of the present invention can process liquids that contain easily broken particles or single-celled organisms without destroying these particles or single-celled organisms. , which has the advantage of being able to be separated.

Moreover, a large amount of processing liquid can be separated without reducing the processing capacity of conventional separating plate centrifuges. Therefore, for example, the blood of animals such as cows and pigs, which have been discarded up to now, can be effectively separated and used effectively.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a rotating tube in a conventional centrifuge, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is an illustration of only the rotating cylinder in Fig. 2. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view for further enlarging the main parts of FIG. 3 to explain the action; FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the components of blood as a processing liquid; FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment different from FIG. 4. (11 base plate (3) Frame (41 (51 bearing) (6) Rotating shaft (6a) Worm (6b) Fitting part (6C) Male thread (7) Worm wheel (8) Shaft (
9) Rotating cylinder θ0) Lower trap (11! Middle trap α Upper trap θ3) Lid body 04J trap tightening rod Q5] Float θ6) Tank
(171 Inlet pipe θ$ Orifice 09 Guide nozzle Cl0I (2+) Outlet pipe (2 Ku drain (231 Brake handle (241 Stock horns (251 Bowl)
(26) Support cylinder (26a) Tapered surface (z6b) Step hole (27) Cap nut c2B + Guide tube (2-winged cylindrical part (29a) Female 00 body part 011 Umbrella-shaped part C3 ring (c) Outlet port C34) 1st annular protrusion 09 step part (to) 1st liquid reservoir 07) 2nd annular protrusion (2) 2nd liquid reservoir 0!1 through hole f41 separation plate set (40a) separation plate (4ob) spacing plate (40C ) Through hole (411) Tubu disk (Transmission channel (44 bowl cover (4G) Ring dam (471 Outlet (small flow channel (4 annular protrusions)

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A driving means, a rotary cylinder rotated by the driving means, a guide cylinder disposed in the center of the rotary cylinder and guiding the liquid to be separated into the rotary cylinder, and the guide cylinder. In a centrifuge consisting of a rotating cylinder and a separation plate disposed in a cylindrical space, the lower end thereof is inserted into a guide cylinder, and the introduced processing liquid is discharged onto the inner wall of the guide cylinder. 1. A separation plate type centrifuge, characterized in that a guide nozzle is provided, and a liquid reservoir having a required depth is provided on the inner wall of the guide cylinder at a position where the processing liquid from the guide nozzle collides with the inner wall. (2) A liquid reservoir is formed on the inner wall of the guide cylinder 71. The separating plate centrifuge according to claim 1, wherein the centrifuge is formed by a first annular protrusion that protrudes into an internal force. (3) The liquid reservoir portion is formed at two locations by a second annular projection connected to the inner wall at a position below the first pier-like projection. Separating plate centrifuge. (4) According to claim (3), the liquid reservoir is provided at three or more locations including other annular projections formed on the inner wall between the first annular projection and the second annular projection. Separating plate centrifuge. (5) The processing liquid from the guide nozzle is divided in an annular manner by both the guide nozzle inserted into the guide cylinder and the dividing fluid provided on the rotating cylinder side facing the guide nozzle opening. A separator plate centrifuge according to claim (1).