JPS60138158A - Roof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to roof structures.

In any roof structure, the effect of condensation that causes premature deterioration of roof components such as rafters? In order to reduce the amount of heat generated by the roof, the entire roof space under the roof covering must be properly ventilated. To accomplish this, it is desirable to provide means near the eaves of the building to allow air to flow into the roof from outside. On a platform where the roof covering is supported by a fascia board, etc., there is a spacer between this covering and the fascia board below. It is known that the spacer is provided with apertures for guiding air into the roof space as described in GB 21.3184.5A.

This venting approach has the advantage that the spacer is easy to integrate and, if necessary, can be applied to an existing roof without requiring any structural changes.

However, the application of this configuration to widely varying roof coverings, for example using roof tiles or slates of various contours, requires that the gaps formed between the tiles and the tiles, hidden plates or spacers prevent small birds from entering the roof space. This was a problem because it needed to be blocked or filled to prevent insects from entering. Also, when spacers are present, problems arise in retaining the roof covering near the eaves, and in the case of tiled roofs, tile clips are not easily secured and can be attached to the fascia board through the spacer using nails. It simply needs to be hammered, which is inconvenient and carries the risk of damaging the spacer.

Finally, in some previously known configurations, the air inflow holes formed by the spacers face outwardly from the roof, and in such configurations, rainwater and roof running water can be absorbed through the spacer pitting. It tends to flow back into the roof space, and 1
It was quite inconvenient.

According to the first configuration of the present invention, the roof structure includes a fascia plate located below the roof covering near the eaves, and a spacer disposed between the roof covering and the fascia plate, and the spacer includes: a first portion projecting outwardly from the fascia plate; a downward facing surface that allows air to flow from the outside of the roof into the interior; It has standing free ends that are spaced apart.

Thus, according to the invention, the vents are directed downwards and the possibility of rainwater or water flowing from the roof entering the interior of the roof is reduced. Additionally, the free end of the spacer supporting the roof covering has several advantages. for example,
Some good EE L fruit/11! Since the free end directly engages and supports the roof covering, in this case the spacer is used, for example, with a roof tile having a profile, the free end can be of any special type. Since it is compatible with roof tiles, there are no undesirable gaps in the lower part of the roof tiles where small birds or insects may enter. In this embodiment, the shape of the free end corresponds to the particular roof covering concerned, and in some cases, when the roof covering is a flat tile or slate, it may have a flat horizontal top end. can. Alternatively, it may have a corrugated top that matches a particular roof tile shape.

the free end of the spacer can be integrally formed with the first portion;
Alternatively, it may be removably engaged with a suitable slot or groove in the first portion. This removable free end provides a single primary base that can be used for tiles of various contours by simply attaching a suitably shaped end.
This gives the advantage that only a portion of the material needs to be prepared. In either case, the free end can have an aperture that prevents the ingress of birds and insects, but allows ventilation of the roof space. Alternatively, the free end can have a comb-shaped filler section that engages the tile and conforms to its contour, preventing the formation of spaces beneath the tile and allowing ventilation. do. Such a filler section is described in British Patent No. 4
．． It is well known from No. 5489 and has the advantage that it can be applied to various roof tile shapes. The teeth of the comb-shaped filler have the same length as this type of filler, or
The length r can be varied so that the filler partially conforms to the underside of a particular type of tile. Unlike the openings in the first part, the ventilation holes in the free end face outward, allowing rainwater to enter, but in reality this ventilation hole is located below the tile. Above the provided roof felt layer, water cannot enter into the main roof space.

In one embodiment, the spacer integrally forms a free end with a flat horizontal end tray that directly engages a flat tile or slate, and an alignable end portion? Means for attachment is provided so that the spacer can be used with contoured tiles if required.

This end portion may be a comb-shaped filler member or other shaped portion that engages a particular type of roof tile.

Preferably, the roof covering is secured near the eaves of the structure by suitable lips that engage spacers, thereby eliminating the need for nails.

If an integral free end is provided, the wire tile clip engages a suitable aperture provided therein. However, when the free end is removable, the roof covering should be fixed to the first part of the spacer. This may be done, for example, by wire tile clips projecting downwardly from the first part and engaging each of its ventilation holes, or by engaging suitable apertures formed in the forwardly projecting part of the first part. It is held in place by a clip made of sheet material. In the latter case, the forwardly projecting part is the first part that allows water to flow directly into the gutter.

A loose colander can be constructed. The colander has a plurality of slots r for receiving each tile clip. The slot receiving the clip is preferably covered by an easily pierceable membrane so that the slot does not engage the tile clip in the sealed state.

In embodiments using an integrally molded spacer 7, the spacer is approximately rLJ-shaped in cross-section, and the first portion and the raised portion constitute two arms rLJ. Transverse reinforcing ribs are preferably provided on the spacer to prevent it from bending under the weight of the roof covering, this rib supporting all of one end of a so-called anti-sag member, which has rigid and semi-rigid pieces. It protrudes inwardly from the spacer below the roof sheathing, supports the lower layer of roof felt, prevents the felt from sagging, and forms a water trap near the eaves. An anti-accumulation member spaced upwardly from the vent in the first portion prevents the roof felt from blocking the vent and prevents air from flowing into the interior of the roof.
fftfl limit.

The integral raised free end can be configured to indirectly support the roof sheathing tray, and the end need not directly engage the roof sheathing or roof tiles. For example, the anti-clamping member as described above can rest on the free end, in which case the free end has a flat top surface, in other words, the tile can rest on the anti-clumping member. Become.

In such an arrangement, the anti-accumulation member is exemplified by a portion of the filler remote from the spacer, such as a comb-shaped filler, which conforms to the tile having the contour r and prevents the ingress of small birds and insects. Such an arrangement has the advantage that the inclination of the filler portion is not fixed relative to the spacer but can be varied to accommodate a suitable attack angle of the filler portion relative to the roof tile or to different roof pitches. .

In the roof structure according to the present invention, the roof insulation member is fixed to the rafters near the eaves of the building and is firmly pushed into the eaves from within the roof space, thereby suppressing the inflow of air from the outside of the roof into the inside. Preferably, it further comprises a duct t which acts as a blocker.

The spacer can be fixed directly to the top of the fascia plate, for example by nailing. Is the first part a shelf that stands up near its inner edge? The shelf prevents water from entering the roof space through the vents.

Preferably, the structure includes a plurality of spacers and an anti-accumulation member along the length of the fascia plate.

The present invention develops a spacer suitable for the roof structure as described above, and in a second configuration of the invention, the spacer is arranged between the roof sheathing and the fascia plate near the eave of the roof,
The first part has a substantially rLJ-shaped cross section and is attached to and projects from the fascia plate, the first part having a ventilation hole r and further attached to the first part or The attachment is possible and includes a free end projecting substantially perpendicularly from the part, which free end is configured to support the roof covering in use.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

In Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a fascia plate 1 attached to the end of a roof structure eaves 2 and a fascia plate 1 mounted between a building wall 4 and a fascia plate l as is well known. It consists of a carved ceiling. The lowermost row of roof tiles 5 is supported at its front end by a transverse batten 6 fixed to the rafters, and a layer of roof felt 7 is disposed below the tiles 5.

According to this invention, the spacer 8 is arranged between the fascia plate 1 and the tile 5. In the embodiment of the spacer 8 shown in FIG. 1, each part is integrally molded and has an approximately rLJ-shaped cross section 7, with a first part 9 provided with a plurality of slot-shaped ventilation holes IQi, and a first part 9 directly connected to the roof tile. The standing free end 1 supports this tray.
1 and t are provided. The transverse reinforcing ribs 12 are connected to the sections 9,
11 to prevent the member from bending due to the weight of the tile during use. In the illustrated embodiment of the spacer:
The spacer is integrally molded from a suitable plastic.

As shown in FIG. 2, each spacer 8 has a first portion 9
It is fixed to the upper part of the fascia plate l by a nail passing through the opening 13 of the tray. Therefore, the first portion 9 will protrude to the outside of the fascia plate 1. The tile rests directly on the upper end of the upright portion 11 9 and is fixed by a clip 14 .

Clip 14 engages a suitable aperture in portion 11. A ball 9 prevention piece 15 made of a rigid body is arranged between the barrel 2 and the spacer 8, separated from the upper part of the fascia plate 1 by the reinforcing rib 12 of the spacer 8, and supported by the reinforcing rib 12. The accumulation prevention piece 15 prevents the roof felt 7 near the eaves from sagging, forms a water trap behind the fascia plate, and restricts the inflow of air into the roof space.

Moreover, the anti-accumulation piece 15 placed above the aperture 10 at a distance of 7 prevents the roof felt from sagging,
Prevents openings and restricts air flow.

As shown by arrow A in FIG. 2, the spacers provide channels for ventilation of the interior space of the roof, and the tiles and roof felt are spaced upwardly from the top of the fascia. Ventilation hole 10
Since the roof faces downward, the possibility of rainwater entering the roof space through these openings is extremely low. However, as shown, the first portion 9 of each spacer 8 has an upwardly projecting shelf 16 at its inner end, which shelf prevents water from entering the roof space through the ventilation apertures. Prevents seepage.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the tile 5 is substantially flat in cross section, and the upper end of the rising portion of the spacer 8 is also flat. However, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the spacer 8 formed in one piece can be easily combined with roof tiles of various contours. In this embodiment, the upper end of the rising portion 11 includes a curved portion 17,
As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, complementary engagement with the tile 5 having the contour is achieved. Therefore, no gaps are formed under the tiles, and small birds and insects do not enter into the roof space. Third
As shown, the section 17 is provided with slots to enhance the ventilation effect. The slots are outward facing and therefore there is a risk of rainwater intrusion, but this is permissible as these slots are above the roof felt. That is, water entering through the slots in section]7 is collected on the felt and drained out of the roof space through the downwardly directed vent holes 10.

FIG. 5 only shows the cooperative relationship between the spacer and tiles shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and shows the eave part similar to the roof structure shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 5, a duct 20 is attached to each rafter 2 near the eaves.

This member is effective in blocking the action of the roof insulation member 21, which restricts the inflow of air into the interior of the roof space.

Therefore, the duct) 20 forms a flow path between the insulating members 21,
It is attached to tiles 5 and fers 1 to 7 from the inside of the roof space, and is firmly pushed into the circle.

In FIG. 6, the spacer 8 is provided with a removable free end portion 30, which directly engages the roof tile 5 and allows this to occur. I support it. The portion 30 fits at its lower end into a slot 31 formed in the transverse reinforcing rib 12 of the spacer 8.

As shown in FIGS. 7a and 71, it may take the form of a slot portion 30' that engages the contour of a particular tile.
is a tooth-shaped filler part 30' that can be adapted to many roof tiles.
With the removable end section 30i, the end section can be easily replaced to accommodate many different types of tiles. It has the advantage of being usable.

In the embodiment of the spacer shown in FIG. 6, it is also possible to use an integrally formed spacer with a free end 1] similar to that shown in FIG. 1, which has a flat horizontal upper end; The spacer shown in FIG. 6 can therefore also be used for supporting flat tiles or slates without the removable part 30. As shown in Figures 7a and 7b,
The end portions 30", 30" are provided with an ataso-f-):y droop 32, which allows the end portions to be
It can be fixed directly to the top of the fascia board of the roof structure by nailing, etc.

In this case, there is no need for a spacer body for ventilating the roof space.

When a removable free end is provided, it is not possible to fix the tile to this part by means of a clip as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 5, which fixes the tile to the first part 8 of the spacer. means? It is necessary to provide this part,
It is fixed to the fascia board J. As shown in FIG. 6, this clip 33 (dashed line) is engaged with the end of the upper t spacer and inserted into a slot-like opening 35 formed in the forward protruding portion 34 of the lower t spacer. This is done according to the outline diagram). The protruding portion 34 is a so-called draining edge, and is used to drain water to the center of the lower rain gutter (not shown). Let it flow. It is preferable that the draining end 34 has one or more tile lip receivers in the opening 35 with close spacing;
It is covered with a /-ring membrane which can be easily pierced by the lower part of the clip 33.

In this way, the problem of aligning a particular aperture 35 with a clip 33 is avoided, and the aperture that does not engage the clip remains in a rolled state, and the inflow of water from the colander end is impeded. Not possible. The clip 33 is preferably made of a relatively soft metal such as aluminum, and its lower end can be easily bent by hand to the lower side of the draining end 34, so that it is prevented from coming off the opening 35. .

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, there is provided an upper hook-shaped portion 41 which engages the side edges of the tile 5, and a wedge portion 42 which engages one of the downward vent holes 10 of the spacer.
The tile 5 can also be fixed by using a wire clip 40 provided for the purpose. This eliminates the need for an aperture in the colander covered by the sealing membrane.

Finally, in FIG. 10, the free end of the spacer ]l is
Another embodiment is shown in which the T-side of the tile does not directly engage, but works indirectly to provide enhanced support. In this embodiment, the anti-accumulation piece 15 is not supported by the reinforcing ribs 12 of the spacer 8, but rests on top of the free end 1, which in this embodiment is molded integrally with the spacer. and has a flat horizontal upper end surface r. Therefore, the anti-accumulation piece 15 is a support free end surface 1.1 of the roof tile 5 and the spacer 8.
It will be placed between. As shown in FIG. 10, the anti-accumulation piece 15 has 45 filler portions at its lower end, which has an end portion of 30° or 30" square shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b that conforms to the shape of the tile 5. It can be of similar construction, so that undesirable gaps are not formed under the tile.

Providing the filler section on the anti-collapsing strip has the advantage that the proper angle of attack of the filler section on the tile is obtained regardless of the roof pinch. The tile 5 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 has the clip 33 shown in FIG. 6 or the clip 33 shown in FIG.
It can be fixed using any of the clips 40 shown in FIG.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an integrally molded spacer, and Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the spacer shown in Fig. 1. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another embodiment of an integrated spacer with a faded stone structure; FIG. 4 is a scaled-down view of the spacer shown in FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the portion of the roof structure including the spacer basin of FIGS. 3 and 4 showing the eaves duct; FIG. 6 is a removable free end supporting the tile. FIGS. 7a and 7b are cross-sectional views of the eaves portion of a roof structure showing other embodiments of spacers comprising spacers; FIGS. The figure shows the use of wire tile clips for fixing tiles near the eaves, and is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 6. Figure 9 is a side view and an enlarged side view of the tile clip shown in Figure 8. In Figure 10, is the free end of the spacer a tile? Is it indirectly supported and the tile is part of the filler? A cross-sectional view of the eave part of the roof structure resting on the anti-accumulation piece having 0 1...Nose cover plate 2...
Taruki 5... Tile 6...
Plate 7... Roofing felt 8...
...Spacer 9...First part ]O...Vent hole]]...Rising free end 1
2...Reinforcement rib 13 ・Opening hole J4...
Lip 15...Accumulation prevention piece 17...
... Curved part 20 ... Da Rito 21
・・・・・・Roof insulation part 30・・・Free end part
31... Slot 30'... Slot part 3011... Filler part 32... Ru -
33... ri risof. 34... Protruding part (draining end) 35...
・[m hole 40 ... wire clip 41 ...
...Hook-shaped part 42-...Wedge part 45...
・Part of filler

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) Consisting of a fascia plate located below the roof covering near the eaves of the roof, and a spacer placed between the roof covering and the fascia board, and the spacer is separated from the fascia board. a first part projecting outwardly, a downward facing surface that allows air to flow into the interior of the roof space from the outside of the roof, and an upper part of the fascia plate supporting the roof sheathing from the roof sheathing 7; A roof structure with a free standing end that separates the roof. (2) The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the free end portion is integrally formed with the first portion. (3) The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the free end portion is removably attached to the first portion. (4) The roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the free end portion is provided with a ventilation hole r. (5) The roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the free end portion includes a portion of a comb-shaped filler. (6) A roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the roof covering is fixed to the eaves of the building by means of spacer-engaging clips. (7) The roof structure according to claim 6, wherein the clip is a wire clip that engages with an aperture formed in the free end. (8) The roof structure according to claim 6, wherein the clip is a wire clip that protrudes below the first portion and engages with a ventilation hole formed in the portion. (9) The roof structure according to claim 6, wherein the clip is formed in a 7-tooth shape and engages with an aperture formed in a forward projecting portion of the spacer. (]-(1) The apertures formed in the front protruding portion are covered with a membrane that can be easily penetrated, and these apertures are prevented from engaging and mating with the tile clip in the sealed state. The roof structure according to claim 9. (11) The smoother has a substantially rLJ-shaped cross section, and the [th] part and the upright part form two "1"-shaped arms. /ζClaims 1 to 10
The roof structure described in any one of the following paragraphs. (12) The spacer is provided with a reinforcing lip in the transverse direction. 12. The roof structure according to claim 11, wherein the spacer is prevented from bending due to the weight of the coating. (J3) Is the rib one end of a rigid or semi-rigid piece that projects inwardly from the spacer on the underside of the roof sheathing? 13. The roof structure according to claim 12, wherein the roof structure has a supporting portion that supports the eaves and contacts the eaves at the lower layer of the roof. (14) The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the free standing end of the spacer is integrally formed with the first portion and serves as an indirect support for the roof covering. (15) The roof covering protrudes inward from the spacer.
15. A roof structure as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that a rigid or semi-rigid piece is supported at one end by a free end, and the roof covering rests on this piece. 16. The roof structure of claim 15, wherein said strip includes a portion of the filler that engages the underside of the roof sheathing. (17) A roof insulating member fixed to a rafter near the eaves to prevent air from flowing into the roof space from the outside of the roof. The roof structure according to any one of paragraph 16. (18) The roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the first portion of the spacer has a shelf notch that stands up roughly near the inner end. (19) The first part that is placed between the roof sheathing and the fascia board near the eaves of the roof, has an approximately rLJ-shaped cross section, is surrounded by the fascia board, and projects from it? Is this first part a ventilation hole? a spacer having a free end which is attached or capable of being attached to the first part and projects substantially perpendicularly therefrom, the free end being adapted to support the roof sheathing in use; .