JPS60127943A - Chips finely cutting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To cut chips finely and make it easy to dispose of the chips, on the occasion of that a work is cut by a chip breaker fixed on a cutter, by spouting a high pressure fluid against the chips which have just left from the chip breaker. CONSTITUTION:A work 1 is cut and processed by a chip breaker 3 fixed on a cutter 2. At this time, a high pressure fluid 6 is spouted from a spouting nozzle 5 against a part, which has just left from the chip breaker 3, of a chip 4' under the cut-processing. In this way, the chip 4' is bent as it draws nearer the work 1, and is made to strike against the work 1. Then, the reverse bend occurs in the chip 4' as the free surface 7 of the chip 4' becomes the back side, and the chip 4' comes to be broken. As this breaking action is performed continuously, the chip 4' is broken into smaller chips 4''. Consequently, it becomes possible to dispose of the chips easily.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a swarf hosomachi method for efficiently shredding chips and significantly improving swarf disposal performance.

Among cutting processes, cutting is performed by moving the cutting tool while feeding a rotating workpiece, such as turning, or cutting is performed by moving a rotating cutting tool while feeding a stationary workpiece, such as boring. In addition, continuous cutting occurs and wraps around the tool or workpiece, damaging the finished surface or damaging the tool, which is an important problem in terms of quality control and production technology at the work site. There is.

Continuous chips are also dangerous for operators and can cause accidents. Furthermore, with the recent promotion of automation and labor saving, there is a trend toward unmanned machining, but the generation of continuous chips as described above is caused by winding around tools, workpieces, and machine components such as tool rests. Since this can potentially cause trouble, operator supervision is required, which is the biggest bottleneck in efforts to achieve unmanned operation.

Conventionally, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems and improve chip disposal, a method has often been adopted in which an obstacle called a chip play force is attached to a cutting tool to bend and break the chips to cut them finely. FIGS. 1 and 2 show the conventional cutting process of a workpiece. 1 is a workpiece, 2 is a cutting tool, and 3 is an obstacle-type chip block l/- attached to the cutting tool 2.
F and 4.4' represent chips generated by cutting, respectively. Here, when the workpiece I is stationary, the cutting tool 2 rotates, and when the workpiece I is rotating, the cutting tool 2 does not rotate; It will be done.

Here, the depth of cut M1 is as shown in Fig. 1 during rough machining.
~ several times or when the feed amount is large.

The cutting j1# thickness increases and shows a tendency for heavy cutting, but in such cutting process [2], the curve given by the chip breaker 3 is caused by the bending strain of the chip surface layer and As the stress increases, the bend becomes easier to plastically deform, the radius of chip curvature becomes smaller, and as shown in Fig. As the material undergoes deformation, bending strain and bending stress of opposite polarity to those described above occur, and the material is easily broken. However, if the cutting conditions are such that the chip thickness is thin, such as when the depth of cut is less than 0.5 mm or the feed rate is small, as shown in Figure 2, even if the chip breaker 3 is attached, the chip Since the thickness is small, the bending strain and bending stress generated in the chips 4' are small, so that plastic deformation is difficult to occur and the radius of curvature of the chips 4' does not become small. Moreover, even if the chip 4' having a large radius of curvature collides with the workpiece, the cutting nozzle 4' easily deforms elastically and escapes in the direction where no force is applied.

Bending strain and bending stress sufficient to cause breakage are difficult to generate, and the effect of the chip breaker 3 is not manifested.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems in cutting processing, and aims to provide reliable and efficient cutting even when the thickness of the chips generated is thin, and to shred the chips in an easy-to-handle manner. This is a chip shredding method in which high-pressure fluid is injected into the part of the chip that has been given a curvature by the chip breaker immediately after it leaves the chip breaker, causing the chip to collide with the workpiece, thereby causing bending and fracture.

First, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described.

FIG. 3 shows a diagram representing a cutting process embodying the method according to the invention. In Fig. 3, workpiece 1° and cutting tool 2. Chip breaker 3. The chips 4' are similar to those shown in FIG. 2 as described above. Reference numeral 5 designates an injection nozzle, and a fluid supply device (not shown) consisting of a pressure pump, a motor, a pressure-resistant hose, etc. is connected to the injection nozzle 5. The still-pressure fluid 6 is injected from the injection nozzle 5 toward the portion of the outflowing chips 4' immediately after coming off the chip breaker 3. The high-pressure fluid 6 may be a solid such as water or cutting oil, or may be a gas such as air or chinoline. When the high-pressure fluid 6 is injected toward the chip 4', there is a collision 2, where n is vertical and the force F applied to the chip 4' is F-ρQ5 [ρ:
Density, Q: flow rate, \: fluid velocity], so if a large force is to be applied, the pressure of the fluid can be increased to increase the flow rate Q and the fluid velocity magnification. The larger the impact force F is applied, the greater the breaking effect of the chips 4' becomes. Chinov”
The reason why the high-pressure fluid 6 is injected onto the chips 4' immediately after they have come off the breaker 3 will be described below. As already mentioned based on FIG. 2, the thin chip 4' does not have sufficient deformation effect, that is, plastic deformation, by the chip breaker 3, so the chip comes off from the chip breaker 3 with a large radius of curvature, so the subsequent chip is restrained. It has no power and is leaked out in a very unstable state. Therefore, when the high-pressure fluid 6 is injected onto the chips 4' immediately after they have come off the chip breaker 3, the chips 4' are bent in a direction toward the workpiece 1 and then collide with the workpiece 1. At this time, the chips 4' are turned in the opposite direction with the free surface 7 of the chips facing away, leading to breakage.

The restricted surface 8 of chips is generated by sliding on the rake face of the cutting tool 2, so it has a relatively low surface roughness, but the free surface 7 has a highly uneven surface because shearing and sliding occurs without restraint. It has become. Therefore, reverse rotation with the free surface 7 at the back as described above causes stress concentration on the free surface 7, easily causing breakage at the cut jH. Since the above-mentioned breaking action is carried out continuously, the chips 4' become shredded into small chips 4''. Figures 4 and 5 show the chip shapes when this method is not applied and when it is applied. Shows the actual item.

In FIG. 4, the effect of the chipping 1/- force does not appear at all, but in FIG. 5, the chip is shredded into small pieces by the effect of the high pressure fluid.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively shred relatively thin chips generated during light cutting such as finishing, which was difficult to shred with conventional chip breakers, and facilitate chip disposal. This method eliminates the danger to customers and is advantageous in terms of quality control, making it an effective method for unmanned processing.

Note that the injection angle of the high-pressure fluid is desirably as close to perpendicular to the chip restraining surface 8 as possible in order to increase the collision force of the fluid against the chips.

Since it is also constrained by the position of the chip breaker, it does not necessarily have to be perpendicular to the constraint surface 8.

The injection position of the high-pressure fluid may be any position where the pushing and bending force against the chips is most effective in cooperation with the pushing and bending surface of the chip breaker, and is also constrained by the position of the chip breaker.

Not particularly limited.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams showing conventional cutting processing;
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of chips obtained by conventional cutting, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of chips obtained by cutting according to the present invention. . 1: Workpiece, 2: Cutting tool, 3: Chinope breaker, 4'
: Chips, 5: Injection nozzle, 6: High-pressure fluid scum 1 concavity 2nd figure 3 figure 4 figure 5 also P ``i 7''sJ

Claims (1)

[Claims] Processing in which a rotating workpiece is cut while being fed and moved with a cutting tool equipped with an obstacle type chip breaker. Alternatively, in machining in which a rotating cutting tool with an obstacle-type chip breaker is fed and moved to cut a stationary workpiece, chips that have been given a curvature by a chip breaker provided on the cutting tool can flow out from the chip breaker. A method for shredding chips, characterized in that high-pressure fluid is injected into the immediately following part of the workpiece to cause the chips to collide with the workpiece and cause a two-bend fracture.