JPS60122020A - Filter and its preparation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To capture oil component dispersed in water effectively by sticking oil adsorptive powder which has been finished previously to have hydrophobic or water repelling property to the surface of fiber for forming felt. CONSTITUTION:The filter consists of a fiber layer constituted of fibers 20 covered on its whole surface with powder 19 of oil adsorptive additive. Large amt. of fine space 21 is formed in the fiber layer. The powder 19 consists of powder of cristobalite, zeolite, or active carbon, which has been previously finished to have hydrophobicity. The fiber 20 consists essentially of vegetable fibers such as linter or wood pulp, etc. and if necessary, of animal fibers or synthetic resin fibers. 2-4 times weight of the hydrophobic adsorbent powder basing on the own weight of the fiber is deposited on the surface of the fiber.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a phenol-layered filter that effectively removes oily components mainly dispersed in water, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Conventionally, using the capillary action of a felt filter,
A type of filter is used that sucks out the oily particles floating in a layer on the water surface, but it is not possible to separate and suction only the oily particles, and the suction of water is unavoidable. Furthermore, with conventional filters, it has been impossible to remove oily substances that emulsify and float in water.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a filter that can effectively capture even oily components dispersed in water while separating them from water, and a method for manufacturing the filter. .

That is, the filter according to the present invention is a filter in which fibers are formed in a felt shape, and the surface of the fibers forming the filter is coated with an oil-absorbing powder that has been previously treated with a hydrophobic or water-repellent finish. It is characterized by being attached to it for a long time.

In addition, the method for producing a filter according to the present invention involves suspending fibers on the surface of which oil-absorbing powder, which has been previously treated with hydrophobic or water-repellent treatment, is suspended in water. Microbubbles generated by releasing high-pressure air-saturated water are made to adhere to the periphery of the fibers, causing the fibers to float, forming a fiber layer containing a large amount of microscopic spaces on the water surface, and forming a fiber layer containing a large amount of microscopic spaces on the water surface. It is characterized by being completely dehydrated and dried.

Next, the present invention will be explained by means of illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the filter manufacturing method according to the present invention, and the manufacturing method will be explained using this diagram.

4 of linter (cotton waste) or wood/gurude in pulp tank 1
Prepare a 0.1% solution of melamine resin in chemical solution tank 2, make a 4% solution of 200 mesh Cristobal powder that has been hydrophobically treated in advance in powder tank 3, and add this filtrate to 10% solution.
A raw material liquid (liquid A) is prepared by mixing in a raw material tank 4 at a ratio of 3:10. On the other hand, the continuous pressurized water tank 5 contains air-saturated water (pressured to 3 kg/o1 or more by a compressor 6).
A 10,000-fold diluted solution of a polymer flocculant such as polyethylene oxide (solution C) is prepared in the chemical tank 7.
Make this filtrate and make 10. solution A. , B liquid is 3, and C liquid is 0.1 at a ratio of 0.1 to 1. As a result of this release, the Cristobal powder suspended in liquid A quickly attaches to the surface of the fibers through the medium of liquid C, and the suspended powder in the liquid disappears, and at the same time, the countless microbubbles generated in liquid B disappear. The fibers that adhere to the periphery of the fibers and float due to their buoyancy form a fiber layer 9 containing a large amount of air bubbles.

The fiber layer 9 formed on the water surface is overflowed from the outlet 1° of the mixing tank 8 under the pressure of the fibers that are rising one after another.
The filter is moved onto a moving mesh conveyor 11, vacuum-dehydrated in a suction box 12 while moving, and then dried in a drier 13 to become a product filter 14.

The fibers floating in the flotation tank 8 rise along the slope plate 15 and the inner wall facing it, and the remaining water after separating the coagulated fibers passes through the gap in the slope plate 15 and moves obliquely downward, and then It flows out from the outlet 16 at the bottom of the tank and is temporarily stored in the cushion tank 17.

Further, water dehydrated by the suction box 12 is also collected in a water collecting tank 18 and then flows into a cushion tank 17. The water collected in this cushion tank 17 is again used as liquid A,
It is possible to reuse the water for B and C compositions.

In the above method, the impregnants, such as activated carbon and Crisbar, which are impregnated with the felt fibers that form the main body of the filter to be manufactured, are subjected to hydrophobic treatment in advance, so that they do not adsorb water and only selectively absorb water. For example, it is imparted with the property of adsorbing only the oil component in the oil emulsion.

There are various methods for such hydrophobic finishing, but a common one is to add an equal amount of a 1-ti solution of hydrophobic silicone resin to the above impregnated material by spraying or dipping, then drying and pulverizing. It's a method.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a filter according to the present invention.

This filter 14 manufactured by the method and apparatus described above has a main body composed of a fibrous layer composed of fibers 20 whose entire surface is covered with the powder 19 of the oil-absorbing additive, and the fibrous layer A large amount of microscopic spaces 21 are formed inside. However, the above powder 1
9 is made of powder of Crisbar, zeolite, activated carbon, etc., which has been subjected to hydrophobic treatment in advance. The fibers 20 are mainly composed of vegetable fibers such as linter or wood pulp, and animal or synthetic resin fibers are used or added as necessary.

・The fibers of the filter made in this way weigh 2~
Four times more hydrophobic adsorbent powder can be attached to its surface. This means that 65 to 80 inches of the total weight of the filter is composed of a fibrous intertwining of finely powdered adsorbent, which on the one hand has good water permeability and on the other hand is extremely This made it possible to create a filter with high oil emulsion adsorption performance.

Next, the features of the above filter will be explained.

Must have good water permeability (spring water) performance.

In other words, the main structure of this filter has an apparent specific gravity of 0.
It is a fiber layer of about 08. This fiber layer is a felt-like fiber layer in which each fiber is closely joined to each other while forming an extremely large amount of microscopic spaces inside, and its most basic properties are 1. Although the internal space has a complex and dense structure due to the intertwining of branches peculiar to plant fibers, it has extremely excellent air permeability, water absorption and water permeability. In other words, it has the ability to absorb and retain water about 15 times its own weight, and its water permeability is 20 crn in thickness and 10 cm in area.
When the rl water pressure is 300 kg/m'', the water permeability is about 1500 cc per minute. Even when the fiber is impregnated with the same amount of additives, it still shows a water permeability of about 700 cc per minute.

Good emulsion adsorption of oil. In general, the performance of an adsorbent primarily comes from its unique properties and the surface area of the space it contains, but secondarily it depends on the flow of air or water that actually passes through it. It is greatly influenced by the size of the surface area with which it is in direct contact.

Therefore, although it is most desirable to use these adsorbents with a particle size as small as possible in order to fully demonstrate their adsorption performance, in many cases it is unavoidable to use them with a coarse particle size. The reason is that when it is made into a fine powder, its air permeability and water permeability become extremely poor, and especially those that turn into clay in water, such as Crisbar, have the disadvantage that even a small amount of thickness prevents water permeation. It was for a certain reason.

For this reason, it has generally been conventional wisdom that the fine particle size of additives and good water permeability are fundamentally contradictory properties.

Contrary to this common sense, the feature of this filter is that the smaller the particle size of the additive, the better its air permeability and water permeability (see Figure 2). By making the particle size as fine as possible, it is practically possible to maximize its adsorption capacity.

Next, examples will be shown.

At the bottom of a column with a diameter of 3 crn and a length of 50 mm, a Crisbar filter (200 m
Attached at the ratio of Metsuyu's Crisbar 2)
Insert 25f and add 1.000 ppm from the top of the column.
When filtered with A heavy oil emulsion, the concentration of the filtrate is 15 ppm or less at a filtration rate of 50 CC/min.

As explained above, according to the filter of the present invention, oily components on the water surface or in water can be captured separately from water, and in particular, oily components dispersed in water can be captured more easily than in emulsions. It becomes possible.

Further, according to the method of the present invention, there is an effect that the above-mentioned filter can be efficiently manufactured.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an apparatus used to carry out the method according to the invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a filter according to the invention. 1...Pulp Haku, 2...Medicine E! h' N 3・
... Powder tank, 4... Raw material tank (A liquid tank), 5... Continuously pressurized water mother (B liquid tank), 7... Chemical solution cypress (C liquid tank), 8.
...Mixing flotation tank, 9...Fiber R11,0...Flotation tank outlet, 11...Belt conveyor, 12...Zakujo box, 13...Drying bag R114...Filter, 15. ...Slope plate, 16...Discharge port, 17...
・Cushion tank, 18 river concentration tank, A...raw material liquid,
B... Pressurized saturated water, C... Additive liquid, 19... Powder, 20... Fiber, 21... Interfiber space. Patent Applicant Takashi Katsuragi Yasushi Ita Yasushi Tani Agent/Patent Attorney Norihiro Nishimura Procedural Amendments Director General of the Patent Office Manabu Shiga 1.1 Indication of Patent Application No. 227017 1982 2. Title of the invention Filter and its manufacturing method 3, person who corrects it! Relationship with the case Patent applicant 7, Specification subject to amendment 8, Specification of contents of amendment ■1 Name of the invention Filter and its manufacturing method 2, Claims (1) Fibers are formed into a felt shape A filter characterized in that an oil-absorbing powder that has been previously subjected to hydrophobic or water treatment is attached to the surface of the mis that forms the filter. (2) Generated by adsorbing oil-absorbing powder that has been previously hydrophobically or water-treated onto the surface of fibers suspended in water, and releasing high-pressure air-saturated water into the suspension. A fiber layer containing a large amount of microscopic spaces is formed on the water surface by attaching microbubbles to the periphery of the fibers to make the fibers float, and the Ia fiber layer is dehydrated and dried. A method for manufacturing a filter. The present invention relates to a felt-like filter that effectively removes water and a method for manufacturing the same. Conventional filters have been unable to remove oily substances that emulsify and float in water. The present invention has been made in view of the above point 1-, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a filter that can effectively capture oil components that are dispersed as an emulsion in water, separated from water, and a method for producing the same. This is the purpose. That is, the filter according to the present invention is a filter in which fibers are formed in a felt shape, and the surface of the fibers forming the filter is coated with an oil-absorbing powder that has been previously treated with a hydrophobic or water-repellent finish. It is characterized by being visited. In addition, the method for producing a filter according to the present invention involves applying oil-absorbing powder that has been subjected to hydrophobic or water-repellent finishing to the surface of fibers suspended in water, and applying high pressure to the suspension. By discharging air-saturated water, the microbubbles generated are prevented from adhering to the periphery of the fibers, causing the fibers to float, thereby forming a fiber layer containing a large amount of microscopic spaces on the water surface. It is characterized by being dehydrated and dried. Next, the present invention will be explained by means of illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the filter manufacturing method according to the present invention, and the manufacturing method will be explained using this diagram. 4% of linter (cotton waste) or wood pulp in pulp tank 1
Make a 0.1% solution of melamine resin in chemical tank 2, make a 4% solution of 200 mesh Cristobal powder that has been hydrophobically treated in advance in powder tank 3, and mix these three solutions into 1023:
A raw material liquid (liquid A) is prepared by mixing in a raw material tank 4 at a ratio of 10 parts. On the other hand, air-saturated water (liquid B) pressurized to 3 kg/cm' or more is prepared by a compressor 6 in the continuous pressurized water tank 5, and a polymer flocculant, for example, 10.000 times as much as polyethylene oxide, is added to the chemical tank 7. Make a diluted solution (solution C) and add this filtrate to 100% of solution A, 3% solution of B, and 0.1% of solution C.
(7) Continuously discharge to the bottom of the mixed flotation tank 8 at the ratio. As a result of this release, the grist pearl powder suspended in liquid A quickly adheres to the surface of the fibers through the medium of liquid C, and the suspended powder in the liquid disappears, and at the same time, the countless microbubbles generated in liquid B disappear. The fibers that adhere to the periphery of the fibers and float due to their buoyancy form a delamination layer 9 containing adjacent air bubbles. The fiber layer 9 formed on the water surface is overflowed from the outlet 10 of the mixing tank 8 under the pressure of the fibers that are rising one after another from below.
It moves to the moving net-like conveyor 11, and while moving, it is vacuum dehydrated in the suction box L24 and then dried in the drying filter 13 to become the product filter 14. The fibers floating in the floating tank 8 move along the slope plate 15 and the inner wall facing it LJ7L, and the remaining water that forms the aggregated fibers 11 passes through the gap between the slope plates 15 and moves toward the shoulder.
It sequentially flows out from the outlet 16 at the bottom of the tank and is temporarily stored in the cushion tank 17. Further, water dehydrated by the suction hox 12 is also collected in a water collecting tank 18 and then flows into a cushion tank 17. The water collected in the cushion tank 17 can be recycled and reused as water for the A liquid, B liquid, and C method. In the above method, the impregnants, such as activated carbon and Crisbar, which are impregnated with the felt fibers that form the main body of the filter to be manufactured, are subjected to hydrophobic treatment in advance, so that they do not adsorb water and only selectively absorb water. For example, the property of adsorbing only the oil component in an oil emulsion is shown. There are various methods for such hydrophobic finishing, but a common one is to add an equal amount of a 1% solution of a hydrophobic silicone resin to the above impregnated material by spraying or dipping, then drying and pulverizing. It's a method. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a filter according to the present invention. ``This filter 14, which is manufactured by a dual method and apparatus, is characterized in that the body of the filter is ``a fibrous layer constituted by fibers 20 whose entire surface is coated with a powder 19 of an oleosorbent additive, and A large amount of microscopic spaces 21 are formed within the fiber layer. The above-mentioned powder 19 is made of powder of Crisbar, zeolite, activated carbon, etc., which has been subjected to hydrophobic treatment in advance. The fibers 20 are mainly composed of vegetable fibers such as linter or wood pulp, and animal or synthetic resin fibers may be used or added as necessary. The fibers of the filter made in this way can have 2 to 4 times more hydrophobic adsorbent powder attached to the surface of the fiber than the own vehicle. This means that 65-80% of the entire filter type is composed of a fibrous intertwining of finely powdered adsorbent, which on the one hand has good water permeability and on the other hand. This made it possible to create a water filter with extremely high oil emulsion adsorption performance. Next, the features of the filter described in 1- will be explained. Must have good water permeability (water passing) performance. In other words, the main structure of this filter has an apparent specific gravity of 0.
It is a fiber layer of about 08. This fiber layer is a felt-like fiber layer in which each fiber is tightly bonded to each other while forming an extremely large number of minute spaces inside, and its most basic property is the inner space. Although it has a complex and dense structure due to the intertwining of branches peculiar to plant fibers, it has extremely excellent breathability, water absorption, and water permeability. That is, the water absorption and water retention ability is about 15 times that of its own weight, and its water permeability is about 15 QOcc per minute when the thickness is 20 cm, the area is 10 cm, and the water pressure is 300 kg/m. This water permeability shows a water permeability of about 700 cc per minute even when the same amount of additives are attached to the m fibers. Good emulsion adsorption of oil. In general, the performance of an adsorbent is primarily derived from its unique properties and the surface area of the space it contains, but secondarily it is derived from the amount of air or water that actually passes through it. It is strongly influenced by the amount of surface area in direct contact with the flow. Therefore, although it is most desirable to use these adsorbents with a particle size as small as possible in order to fully demonstrate their adsorption performance, in many cases it is unavoidable to use them with a coarse particle size. The reason for this is that when it is made into a fine powder, its air permeability and water permeability deteriorate significantly, especially when it turns into clay in water, such as Crisbar, only a few liters of water permeate.
This was because it had the disadvantage that even with its thickness, water flow was extremely difficult. For this reason, it has generally been conventional wisdom that the fine particle size of additives and good water permeability are fundamentally contradictory properties. Contrary to this common sense, the feature of this filter is that the smaller the particle size of the additive, the better its air permeability and water permeability (see Figure 2). By making the particle size of the additive as fine as possible by IS, we have practically achieved the n1 ability to demonstrate its adsorption ability to the maximum limit. Next, examples will be shown. 1 white f'f: 3cm length 50c I11 column bottom 2
0cm with Crisbar added R1 filter (g-t at a ratio of 200 mm of Crisbar 2 to linter l)
Insert 25g of
．． When a heavy oil emulsion of 000 ppm is added, the concentration of the filtrate is 15 at an overspeed of 50 cc per minute.
ppm or less. As explained above, according to the filter according to the present invention, it is possible to capture especially oily substances that are emulsified in water and become netted. Further, according to the method of the present invention, there is an effect that the filter as described in "2" can be efficiently manufactured. 4. Brief Description of the Drawings FIG. 1 is a system diagram of the apparatus used to carry out the method according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the filter according to the present invention. ■... Pulp tank, 2... Chemical solution tank, 3... Powder tank,
4... Raw material tank (A liquid tank), 5... i! I! Continuously pressurized water can (water mother tank), 7... Chemical liquid tank (C liquid tank), 8... Mixed flotation tank, 9... Fiber tank, lO... Float J2'rfl
Output D, 11...Hell I conveyor, 12...Suction box, 13...Drying device, 14...Filter, 15...Slope plate, 16...Discharge port, 17
...Cushion tank, 18...Concentration tank, A...
Raw material liquid, B...pressurized saturated water, C...additive liquid, l9.
... Powder, 20... Fiber, 21... Interfiber space. Patent applicant: Takashi Katsuragi, Yasushi Ita, male agent/patent attorney: Norimitsu Nishimura

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 11) In a filter in which fibers are formed in the shape of felt, the surface of the fibers forming the filter includes an oil-absorbing powder that has been previously treated with a hydrophobic or water-repellent finish. A filter characterized by being attached with. (2) Suspending fibers with oil-absorbing powder attached to the surface that has been previously treated with hydrophobic or water-repellent treatment in water;
Microbubbles generated by releasing high-pressure air-saturated water into the suspension are made to adhere to the periphery of the fibers, causing the fibers to float, thereby forming a fiber layer containing a large amount of microscopic spaces on the water surface. 1. A method for producing a filter, comprising: dehydrating and drying the fiber layer.