JPS60120672A - Image pickup device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To secure an appropriate exposure value in accordance with illumination of an object by constituting a shutter plate with a slit, which is placed between an optical lens and an image pickup means, of the 1st and the 2nd circular plates whose slit width can change. CONSTITUTION:A lens system 2 is fixed on a frame 10 of a video camera, and between the lens system 2 and an image pickup tube 11, a rotary shutter mechanium 12 having a shutter plate 20 with a slit is provided. The shutter plate 20 with a slit is constituted of the 1st and 2nd slit circular plates 21 and 22. When the rotary shutter mechanism rotates at the 1st position in accordance with the rotation of a lever plate 13, a slit part is introduced to a light path, and an exposure action is carried out. When a motor 14 is rotated in the normal or reverse direction, wide and narrow types of slit width appear in accordance with the rotational direction, and a object image is made incident to a light-receiving face 11a of the image pickup tube 11 through each slit.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an imaging device such as an electronic camera or a TV camera, and more particularly to an optical lens and an I(0 image means) for converting an image formed by the optical lens into an electrical signal. A sleeve l is installed in the optical path between the
-(-1 Shitotsuta (long A: 3-J A) Rotary lara 1
Concerning improvements to the foot mechanism.

(Prior art) In general, electronic cameras, TV cameras, etc.
In the position, glue Jl (such as NTSC, P△l-, SECΔM)
For example, in an NTSC standard imaging device, an optical image is transferred to an imaging probe using 1.8.・'30 seconds or 1/
Photo-accumulation is carried out for 60 seconds, and the accumulated charges are subjected to electron beam scanning to extract a video signal corresponding to an optical image.

Therefore, when the subject is a fast-moving object, or when panning the camera, the screen will display "
There is a problem that the length of the image is reduced to 1, resulting in a drop in image quality. The causes of such image quality deterioration include accumulation effects and residual images.

The cumulative effect is the mf of light between one frame! : This is an effect caused by accumulation on the photoelectric conversion surface of the image sensor;
Although this is an effective means of increasing the signal-to-noise ratio, it is also true of low-speed image capture with a speed of about 1/30 seconds, so images may be blurred due to high-speed moving objects or camera shake, resulting in poor image quality. This will cause a decline.

On the other hand, the remaining one phenomenon is disdiP-
There is a problem C that is caused by the residual charge when the image cannot be captured completely, but recently, the use of solid-state image sensors has made progress in reducing the amount of residual energy, so this problem can be said to have been solved.

Therefore, in order to solve the image quality deterioration, it is necessary to remove the influence of the accumulation effect. For this purpose, it is effective to shorten the light accumulation time, and for this purpose, a device using a shutter such as the following IW is known.

In other words, this shutter has a rotating disk that blocks light installed in front of the image pickup tube, and the speed at which one or more openings or notches provided in this rotating disk cross the imaging surface and the image scanning speed (usually By synchronizing the time (1/60 seconds per screen), an instantaneous still image is obtained by 1q without capturing the tail' part of the screen where the tail is drawn.

However, the above-mentioned shutter was developed only for the purpose of capturing still images by 1 q, and was only used for special business use, and had the disadvantage of being a high-cost and large-sized device. In addition, even when the shutter function is not required, the shutter cannot be released, making it impossible to perform the normal first shadow of a moving image.

〔the purpose〕

The purpose of the present invention is to
It is possible to obtain clear still images with less blurring and no image blur caused by the "tailing phenomenon", and it is also possible to secure an appropriate amount of exposure according to the illuminance of the subject, and also to adjust the amount of light incident on the imaging means as necessary. It is an object of the present invention to provide an imaging device equipped with a rotary shutter device 4R that can achieve 100% sales and can also perform high-sensitivity video shooting using continuous exposure.

〔overview〕

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by the following configuration. That is, a rotary shutter mechanism has a shutter plate with a slit in the optical path between an optical lens and an imaging means such as an image pickup tube that converts an image obtained by the optical lens into an electric signal, and which exposes the imaging means. In the structure in which the slitted shirt flap plate is composed of a first degree second disk or the like, the slit width changes in two ways, for example, a first width and a second width, depending on the direction of rotation of the shirt shirt plate with slits. At the same time, a lever plate rotated by a manual knob, for example, moves the shutter plate with the slit into a first position in the optical path, that is, where an exposure operation using the slit is performed, and a second position outside the optical name. It is characterized by being configured so that it can be moved and set.

[Example] Figures 1 to 10 are diagrams showing an example of the present invention.
The figure is an external perspective view of the video camera.

In the figure, 1 is the video camera body, 2 is a lens system including multiple optical lenses, 3 is a grip, and 4 is a cable.

5 is a viewfinder, 6 is a microphone, and 7 is an operation panel. A manual knob 8 is attached to the side wall of the operation panel 7. At the time of the darkest moment, the subject captured by the lens system 2 is stored in the camera body 1 coaxially with the lens system 2. After the signal is converted into an electric signal by a 1Iiii picture tube (described later), the signal is sent via a cable 4 to a video A monitor or VTR (not shown) and displayed.

FIG. 2 is a cutaway view showing the main parts of the bidet A) J-mera shown in FIG. 1. In the figure, 10 is a frame of a video camera, and the lens system 2 is fixed to this frame 10. The final master lens 2a of this lens system 2
Photograph 1 so that the light-receiving surfaces 11a are facing each other with a predetermined interval between
A fence 11 is provided. 12 is a rotary shutter i・ivy fil +r+f, and this rotary shutter f
l(f'J121) The motor, slit, etc. are attached to the tip of the lever plate 13.The central part of the lever plate 13 is attached as described later. It is rotatably supported on the frame 10, and by operating the base end with the manual knob 8, the main body part can be removed (= I) The tip end part can be rotated within a predetermined angle range. The motor 14 is fixed to one side of the tip of the lever plate 13, and its rotating shaft 15 protrudes from the other side of the lever plate 13.The rotating shaft 15 has bosses 16 and 17. The sleeve 1-A' shirt flap plate 20 is attached (pushed) with its shaft center supported by these bosses 16 and 17.

The first sleeve plate 20 is the first sleeve. It is composed of a second disc with slits 21 and 22, and the lever plate 1
When the rotary shutter mechanism 12 is rotated to the first position in response to the rotation of the lens 3, the sleeves 1 to 3 are connected to the master lens 2a of the lens system 2 and the light receiving surface 11a of the prefectural picture tube 11, as shown in the figure. It is inserted into the optical path between the parts and performs the exposure operation by the -slabs 1 to 1. Also, in response to the rotation of the lever plate 13, the rotary shutter mechanism 12 is activated to the second position.
When it is rotated to the position, it escapes from the optical path to the outside. Note that the first slit disc 21 is rotatably fitted into the boss 16, and the second slit disc 22 is unrotatable relative to the boss 17 (11).
: Included.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show the first slit (=J disk 2
1J5 and a plan view of the second slit plate 22. FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the first slit toy disk 21 has cutouts 21a, 21 having the same fan shape at 180 different opposing positions of the disk portion consisting of a light shielding portion (A).
b, and the notches 21a, 21b have J.
The locking pieces 21G and 21d, which are bent perpendicularly to the plane of the disc part, are provided at the (=I root part) of the side edge of each side. As shown in FIG.
The first sleeves are located at opposing positions of 0DbN! ~f
The notches 22a and 22b have the same shape as the fan-shaped notches 21a and 21b of the disk 21, and
a, 22 bl,: A projecting piece as a first contact part that can come into contact with the locking pieces 21c and 21d when the shirt shirt plate 20 rotates in the normal rotation direction at the base of each side edge of J5. 22c and 22d were set up. Note that the other side edges of the notches 22a and 22b facing the protrusions 22c and 22d serve as second contact portions that come into contact with the locking pieces 21c and 21d when the shirt flap plate 20 rotates in the reverse direction. .

FIGS. 5 and 6 are views showing a state in which the first and second slitted discs 21, 22 are stacked with the first slitted disc 21 facing down.

FIG. 5 shows the locking piece 21 of the first sulin 1-attached ring 21.
The projecting piece 22 of the second slit disk 22 for c and 21d
c and 22d are in contact with each other. In this state, the notches 21a and 22a and the notches 21b and 2
2b is a locking piece 21c.

The sleeves 1- to 11. have a relatively narrow first width corresponding to the sum of the thickness of 21d and the width of the protrusions 22C and 22d.
Form and cover M2.

FIG. 6 (J) From the state shown in FIG. 5, by rotating only the disk 21 in the counterclockwise direction, The left side edge of the notch 22a of the disc 22 comes into contact with the second slit (the notch of the q disc 22) and the locking piece 21d of the disc 21 with the first slit 1- In this state, each notch 21a and 228#3 and 21b and 22b overlap each other, and are in contact with the light-receiving surface 11a of the image pickup tube 11. A sulin hN1.N2 having a relatively wide second width is formed.

Surin 1 to M1, M in the state shown in Fig. 5 above
The width of 2 is determined based on the following points of view. In order to obtain a clear still image during the movement of a fast-moving subject in a video camera, the lens system 2 and the image pickup tube 11 are
As shown in Fig. 7, between the
．． It is necessary to interpose the shutter plate 20 having a diameter of M2, rotate it clockwise or counterclockwise, and expose the light-receiving surface 11a at a speed sufficiently faster than the image scanning speed of the image pickup tube 11. The faster the exposure speed is, the clearer the still image can be obtained, but on the other hand, the number of exposure apertures is reduced. If the total exposure amount becomes too small, the sensitivity of the image pickup tube 11 will fall below its capacity, making it impractical. On the other hand, if the exposure speed is reduced to increase the total light m,
Beam readout and exposure of the image pickup tube 11 are performed simultaneously, and as the exposure speed becomes slower, striped patterns gradually appear from the outside of the top and bottom of the TV screen, resulting in poor image quality.

Therefore, an appropriate exposure time t when using the shirt plate 20 is set as follows. As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the period T of one field (1/60 = 16.67 m5)
If T corresponds to the length in the circumferential direction on the seat plate 20, then T becomes A+B.

A is the dark region, and B is the width of the light receiving surface 11a and Surin +-
It is the sum of the width of N1 or N2. Now, assuming that the effective area of the TV screen is 80-85%, B/ (A+8) = B
/16.67=M0O-(80-85))/100. In other words, if the effective area is 80%, B=3.3
3m5. When the effective area is 85%, B=2.5 ms. Therefore, since it is necessary to complete the exposure within the blanking time, it is appropriate that the exposure time t is approximately 2.5 to 3 mS.

Images taken with a video camera equipped with a rotary roller one-foot device configured based on the above will have insufficient exposure compared to a normal bottle-shaped image, but by using today's high-sensitivity image pickup tubes, it is possible to Images taken under bright light produce still images that are clear enough to be used for practical purposes.

Next, the slit Nl in the state shown in FIG. 6 above,
The width of N2 is determined based on the following points of view. As mentioned above, if the state shown in FIG. 5 is used, insufficient exposure may occur. Surin 1 ~ to be able to cope with the May conjunction, which has a heart valve that increases the exposure amount even if the image quality is slightly inferior due to the lever.
Width i-+i<r+゛a). In this case, the sleeve l-width N
1. For N2 and -C, it is appropriate that the exposure time be about 51 TTS per field.

Next, as described above, the shutter plate 20 is inserted into the optical path to perform intermittent exposure for still images, or removed from the optical path to perform normal moving image projection. 1M will be explained.

FIGS. 9 and 10 are diagrams showing the configuration and operation of the switching mechanism. The manual knob 30 shown at the left end in FIGS. 9 and 10 has an operating protrusion 30a at the center of one side of a disc-shaped base, and locking protrusions 30b and 30c on both upper and lower end faces in the figures. have. Further, the manual knob 30 has an engagement groove 30d in the center of the surface (l!!1lt11) of the disc-shaped base.
can be selectively inserted into holes 7a, 7b, and 7C provided in the operation panel 7. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, the operating projection 30a and the locking projection 30C are engaged with the hole 7a, and the locking projection 3ob is engaged with the hole 7b, and as shown in FIG. 7a, the operating protrusion 30a and the locking protrusion 3. Two states can be selected: a state in which Ob engages and a state in which the locking protrusion 30c engages in the hole 7C.

The other side of the manual knob 3o is covered with a holding cover 31. Subrings 32a and 32b are inserted in a compressed state between the inner bottom surface of the holding cover 31 and the bottom surface of the disc-shaped base of the manual knob 30, and press the manual knob 30 against the inner wall surface of the operation panel 7 at all times. ing. In addition, the above spring 3
2a and 32b are fixed to the manual knob 30 side and are provided in a slidable manner on the inner bottom surface of the holding knob 31.

A pin 33 provided at the base end of the lever plate 13 is engaged with an engagement recess 30d provided at the center of the bottom surface of the disc-shaped base of the manual knob 30. As shown, the lever plate 13 has a fan shape, and its central portion is supported by a pivot 34, and is rotatable about the pivot 34. As already mentioned, near the tip of the lever plate 13, the main body portions of the rotary lever mechanism 12, such as the motor 14 and the lever plate 20, are fixed. Further, a pair of square holes 35a and 35b are provided at the tip end of the lever plate 13. These holes 35a and 35b are provided with locking balls 36 provided in the frame 10 when the lever plate 13 is rotated.
The lever plate 13 selectively engages with the lever plate 13 to specify the rotational position of the lever plate 13. In addition, the above-mentioned locking ball 3
6 is supported by a guide 37 and pressed against the lever plate 13 by a spring (not shown).

Although not shown, when the lever plate 13 rotates to the state shown in FIG. 9, it turns ON and rotates the motor 14, and when the lever plate 13 rotates to the state shown in FIG. 10, it turns OFF. A microswitch is provided to stop the rotation of the motor 14. Further, the control flF panel 7 is provided with a rotation direction designation switch for designating whether the motor 14 is rotated in the normal direction or in the reverse direction.

Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be explained. When performing an intermittent exposure bottle type, the rotation direction designation switch is changed according to the illuminance of the subject, etc., and the manual knob 30 is set to the position shown in FIG. That is, after the operating protrusion 30a of the manual knob 30 is pushed in, it is slid upward in the figure. As a result, the lever plate 13 rotates clockwise in the figure, and the square hole 35a provided at the tip of the lever engages with the locking ball 36. When a click is felt by this engagement, the manual knob 30 is returned to its original position by the force of the springs 32a and 32b, and the locking protrusion 30b engages with the hole 7b of the panel 7. The locking protrusion 30c fits into the hole 7a of the panel 7. As a result, a portion of the shutter plate 20 shown in FIG. 9 is inserted into the optical path. At the same time, microswitches etc. are turned on. Now, assuming that the forward rotation direction is designated by the rotation direction designation switch, the motor 14 starts to rotate forward, so the shift rotation temporary 20 is in the 9th rotation direction.
Start rotating in the direction shown by the arrow in the figure. At this time, since the first sling 1-square disc 2'1 is mounted in a substantially free state relative to the rotating shaft 15, only a rotational force equal to the frictional resistance force with the boss 16 is applied. Moreover, the locking pieces 21G, 21
Since it is subjected to air resistance, this acts as a rotational braking force. Therefore, the first slitted disc 21 rotates slower than the second slitted disc 22, rotates relatively clockwise in FIG. 9, and locks the first slitted disc 21. Piece 2
1c and 21d are the second slits (the projecting piece 22 of the J disk 22
c, exhibits a state of stable contact with 22d. Therefore, the slit portion becomes narrower than the narrow slits 1-M1, to 12.

The time required for one rotation of the discs 1 to 21 with both slits 1 to 22 is J! As shown in Figure 1, the slit crosses the front surface of the light receiving section 11a of the image tube 11.The time it takes for the next slit 1~ to cross the same spot is 16.67m5. Since ~ is provided in 2 places, the time required for one rotation is 16, 67x2 = 33. 34m5 (1800r1
) is equivalent to m).

Further, assuming that the reverse direction is designated by the rotation direction designation switch, the motor 14 starts rotating in the reverse direction.

Then, the shirt top plate 2o begins to rotate in the direction opposite to the arrow in FIG. Therefore, contrary to the above case, the first slitted disc 21 is connected to the second slitted disc 22.
It rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 9 relative to the other direction. Therefore, the locking pieces 21c and 21d are attached to the second slit disk 22.
It comes into contact with the other side edges of the notches 22a and 22b. As a result, a wide sulin 1 as shown in Figure 6 was created.
-N1. It becomes N2.

Thus, by rotating the rotation direction of the motor 14 in the forward or reverse direction, the slit width M1. M2 or N1. The light passing through each of the sleeves 1- is caused to enter the light-receiving surface 1'1a of the image pickup tube 11. In other words, intermittent exposure photography with two types of exposure m can be performed. J3 The rotation time mentioned above is detected by a rotation sensor (not shown).

Then, a control system (not shown) controls the rotation of the tentacle 20 (more stably).

Next, when performing normal continuous exposure photography, use the manual knob 30.
Set it in the position shown in Figure 10. In other words, manual knob 30
While pushing in, slide it downward l\ in the figure. When this is done, the lever plate 13 rotates in the counterclockwise direction in the figure, and the hole 35b at the tip of the lever engages with the locking ball 36. As a result of this engagement, you will feel a click (by removing the handle from the manual knob 30 at the point where it is pressed, the manual knob 30 t)
It is returned by the force of the J springs 32a and 32b, and the locking protrusion 301TI is engaged with the hole 7a of the panel 7, and the locking protrusion 3QC is engaged with the hole 7C of the panel 7.

As a result, the shutter plate 20 moves upward in the figure, as shown in FIG. 10, and is brought completely out of the optical path (111). In this state, as shown in the figure,
The switch is activated and power to the motor 14 is cut off. , Therefore, the rotation of the shirt flap plate 20 also stops. In this way, 100% of the light q1 continuously enters the light-receiving surface 11a of the picture tube 11, making it possible to perform normal moving picture 1 shadow by continuous exposure.

If you perform the above operation 1 in reverse, [1-tally shutter (
Tomo (Ro 12 transitions from the state shown in Figure 10 to the state shown in Figure 97)
The mark cross switch is turned on in both cases, so the 9th
In the state shown in the figure, the motor 14 rotates in the forward or reverse direction. In this way, the two discs 21 and 22 with slits rotate forward or backward, and still images can be taken again by intermittent exposure with two different slit widths.

In this manner, the present device enables not only normal video shooting but also still image shooting using two types of intermittent exposure with a single video camera. Furthermore, since it is small and has a simple structure, it can be manufactured at low cost and is suitable for use as a home video camera.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment J5, the ribs 1 to 1 are formed at two locations on the disc, but they may be formed at one location or three or more locations depending on the usage conditions. Also, the number of discs with the above-mentioned sleeve 1 may be changed to one or three or more. However, in the case of a single plate, it is necessary to install a small shielding plate that can be slid so that the slit width can be locally varied.Furthermore, as a means of transmitting power from the motor, the In the embodiment, a so-called direct drive I (M) was used in which the shaft of the seat plate was used in parallel with the shaft of the motor, but the pulley
Alternatively, the power may be transmitted through a groove using gears or the like. By covering in this way, the lever plate 13 can be rotated only by the shutter plate, and the motor 14 can be fixed, which has the advantage of providing excellent operability. In addition, the imaging means is not limited to an imaging tube, but can also be COD or MOS.
You may also use a solid-state imaging device such as . Of course, the imaging device may be a device other than a video camera.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the shutter plate with slits of the rotary shutter mechanism inserted in the optical path between the optical lens and the imaging means has a binary width of, for example, a first width and a second width depending on the rotation direction of the shutter plate. The width changes from Surin 1 to 1st. The shutter plate with the shutter plate 1 is moved to a first position in the optical path, that is, where an exposure operation using the slit is performed, by a lever plate that is rotated by a manual knob, for example. Since it is configured so that it can be moved to a second position outside the optical path, it can be used for sports or FLE.
When photographing moving subjects such as in scientific experiments, or when panning the camera, it is possible to obtain clear still images without blurring due to the "tailing phenomenon" and with less blur. In addition, it is possible to perform intermittent exposure photography using at least two types of exposure amounts, and it is possible to perform shadow removal according to the illuminance of the subject. Light intensity 1
00%, we can provide an image carrying device with a rotary shutter mechanism that can perform high-sensitivity video folding using continuous exposure and even shadows.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 10 are views showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a video camera. Figure 1 is a perspective view of the external appearance of a video camera, and Figure 2 is a cutaway view of the main parts of Figure 1. Figures 3 and 4 are plan views of the 1st and 2nd discs with slits (R construction), Figures 5 and 6 are 1st and 2nd discs with slits. A top view of the shirtboard that combines the
FIGS. 7 and 8 are explanatory diagrams of the exposure time using the shutter plate, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are diagrams showing the configuration and operation of the switching mechanism between intermittent exposure and continuous exposure. 1. ...Video camera body, 2...Lens system, 8...
・Manual knob, 11... Image pickup tube, 12... Rotary lug 1 foot ljl structure, 13... Lever plate, 20...
Shiv ivy (anti, 21... first slit disk, 22
...Second disc with slits, 21 a, 21 b, 2
2a, 22b...Notch, 21c, 21d...Locking piece, 22c, 22d...Protrusion piece, 33...Bin, 34
... Pivot, 35a, 35b... Square hole, 36... Ball, 37... Guide. Applicant's attorney Atsushi Tsuboi Figure 3 1a Figure 4 2a 2b Section 5 Figure Ml Figure 7 Section 8 Figure 1 Continued [Phase] Inventor Yoshi 1) Hideaki Hatagaya Co., Ltd., Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Nachome 4, 2nd, Olympus Optical Kogyo 2nd, 4th, 2nd Olympus Optical

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) An optical lens, an imaging means for converting an image formed by the optical lens into an electrical signal, and an optical lens provided in an optical path from the optical lens to the imaging means and conveying the image to the imaging means. The shutter plate is equipped with a rotary shutter mechanism having a slit (J-shitotsuta plate, etc.) for performing exposure, and the shutter plate with slits 1 to 1 to be pulled into the rotary shutter mechanism has a slit width that changes depending on the direction of rotation, and It is configured to be movable between a first position where it is inserted into the slit for performing an exposure operation and a second position where it exits from the optical path to the outside. Special IE + Shoken device. (2) When the rotation direction of the sulin (head attachment A/vine plate) is in the forward rotation direction, the sulin 1 width becomes a predetermined first width, and when it is in the reverse direction. The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the slit-equipped shirt flap plate has a locking piece at a predetermined position. a first disc on which is erected, a first contact portion that is installed coaxially with the first disc and contacts the locking piece only during rotation in the forward direction; a second disk having a second abutting portion that abuts only when rotating in the direction;
The imaging device according to claim (2), which is configured with υ. (4) The rotary shutter mechanism includes a lever plate that rotatably supports the slit-equipped shutter plate and is rotatable about its own axis; or a manual knob for positioning and rotating operation so as to be located at the position or the second position. 3) The imaging device described in section 3).