JPS60119103A - Transmitting antenna device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a transmitting antenna device having a high power composing efficiency from the view point of the inside of a circuit and space by amplifying electric power distributed by a patramatrix through element amplifiers, composing the amplified output in the patramatrix again and then supplying the composed electric power to an antenna arranged in a prescribed direction. CONSTITUTION:When input terminals J1a-J4a of an input side patramatrix 5a are selected, signals amplified by the amplifiers 2a-2d are composed and inputted to input terminal J1b-J4b of an output side patramatrix 5b. Consequently, the composed output of the amplifiers 2a-2d is radiated from any one of antennas 1a-1d corresponding to the selected input terminals J1a-J4a. Therefore, the efficiency of electric power composition is not reduced even at frequency other than a center frequency f0. Since the antennas 1a-1d are arranged so as to be mechanically turned at angles theta1-theta4, a gain reducing phenomenon due to scanning does not appear and the interval between the elements is not limited, so that the size and shapes of the elements and the antenna can be optionally selected.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a microwave transmitting antenna device that is used, for example, as an antenna switching method or a multi-beam method.

[Prior art]

Figures 1 and 2 are examples of conventional divine devices.

There was something missing in Figure 3. Figure 1 shows the individual antenna system (
Method 1), Figure 2 1-m antenna switching method (method 2),
Figure 3 shows the multi-beam antenna system (method 3).

In the figure, (la) to (M) are spatially 17
1°02, θ3. Installed in a workpiece pointing in the direction of θ4 7
' Also, the antenna, +21, (2a) to (2i) are amplifiers, +31 is the amplifier (2), and the signal amplified is sent to the valley air 1.
Wax (]a) to (], d) i7 Switch for switching output, (4a) to (44) are cord antennas arranged in a linear manner, j is the element spacing of the arrangement, )51 is Patora matrix, (Jl) to (J4) and (J5) to (J8) are -tt
l That is the Patora matrix (61 human input terminals and output terminals).

Next, the operation is explained as follows: - In the individual antenna method (method 1) shown in Fig.
d) are directly connected to amplifiers (2a) to (2d), respectively, and when the antenna beam is to be omnidirectionally directed in the desired direction among (θl) to (θ4), amplifiers (2a) to (2d) are connected directly to amplifiers (2a) to (2d). (2
Among d), only one way of output will be effectively used. In the antenna switching method (method 21) shown in Fig. 2, the blade of the increase + lf8 device (2) is set by switching the switch (3) to the desired direction of VCL ((/x) to (04)). In the Patra array antenna method (method 3) shown in Fig. 3, the input terminals (Jl) to (, T4)
Output terminals (J5) to (JB) by selecting k
The relative phases φl to φ4 of the outputs appearing in K have the values shown in Shigeru 1 at the installation 1 center frequency fO.

Clothes 1 Output terminal (J5) including amplifiers (2a) to (2d)
Assuming that the electrical lengths of the feeder lines at the cable antennas (4a) to (4d) are the same from (JB), the element antenna (4
The relative phase φ1' appearing in the apertures of a) to (4, d,)
.about.φ4' also have the values shown in Table 1 at the design center frequency f.

In general, in an array antenna, if the feed phase difference between the contacting element antennas is a total constant value δ (If), the scan angle θ8 of the medium-thin beam is given by the following equation.

In (Equation 1), λ is the wavelength of the frequency used.

As can be seen from (Equation 1), the scanning angle θθ is δ, d.

If d(j is a constant value, θS is a function of λ except when δ increases or decreases in inverse proportion to λ.

In the case of the Patra array antenna system, at the center frequency fO, basically δ-φ1-φ2-φ2-φ3-φ3-φ4 (Equation 2), and as shown in A1, the input terminal (Jl), (
, T2).

Corresponding to (J3) and (J4), it is uniquely determined as δ−456,135°, (35°, 45°. Therefore, the element spacing d that determines the desired scanning angle θθ at a certain frequency is That is to say.

Mata, Patra matrix (5) is f as shown in Figure 4.
Since the overphase signal basically consists of a 90° hybrid (6) that is independent of frequency and a deal line section (7) whose transmission phase is proportional to the frequency, The phase difference δ does not have a proportional relationship with the frequency (inversely proportional relationship with the wavelength).In other words, since λδ in (Equation 1) has frequency characteristics, the scanning angle θ
Since S also has frequency characteristics, the design center frequency fO
Outside I21, the antenna beam may not be directed at the desired angle. In addition, the gain of the scanning VCL in the scanning direction is given by (Equation 3), where the element spacing d and the element antennas (4a) to (4d
) is reduced by ΔG depending on the element pattern shape determined by L. This situation is shown in FIG.

Conventional relocation is configured as shown below, so the individual antenna method (method 1) cannot effectively utilize the output power of the tilted amplifiers, and the antenna switching method (formula 2) has the disadvantages of switching. When high speed is required, it becomes necessary to use a multiplex switch as a switch, which has problems in terms of market resistance and loss characteristics, and disadvantages such as not being able to send in multiple directions at the same time. was there. In the truncated Patra array antenna method (method 3), when the scanning angle θ is given, the element spacing d is uniquely determined, and there is little freedom in selecting the dimensions and shape of the element antenna, and the gain due to scanning is There were drawbacks such as a decrease in

[A essential point of the invention]

This invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional ones as mentioned above, and the output is amplified by a ``gravitational all-element amplifier'' which is not distributed by a Patora matrix. By synthesizing it again using the Patoramatrix and feeding it to the antenna that was not installed in the desired direction, the antenna device can be transmitted with high gravity synthesis efficiency from both the inside of the circuit and spatially.
is intended to provide.

[Example of origin]

An embodiment of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. In Fig. 6, the antennas (2a) are installed so as to point in the spatial Q directions (θ1), (θ2), (03), (θ4); ~(2
d) is an amplifier, (ea) is a Hekai law Patora matrix,
(5b) ri′i output side Patora matrix, (Jla
,)~(La), (Jtb)~(J<b) are input terminals, (Jea,)~(Jea), (J5b)~(
Jab) tri output terminal. The input-side Patora matrix (5a) and the output-side Patora matrix (5b) are made of rainbow rays having exactly the same characteristics, and the respective output terminals (,T5a)-(Jea), (,Thb)-(,
Amplifiers (2a) to (2d) whose electrical lengths (Tab) are equal to 6
They are connected in opposing directions (the input-side Patora matrix (5a) and the output-side Patora matrix (5b) are in opposite directions) via k.

Next, I will explain about the first rabbit.

As with conventional method 3, the input side Patora matrix (5a)
By selecting the input terminal of , at the center 1M wave number fo, the phase difference at the output terminal ( Patora matrix (5b) terminal (J5b) ~
The number having the phase difference shown in Table 1 is input to (yeb). Since the output side Patora matrix (5b) has reversibility of input and output, the output terminal (Jzb) has a certain phase difference.
The @ sign input to (Jab) is synthesized and appears at the input terminals (Jxb) to (J4b) corresponding to the phase difference. Therefore, the input terminals (Jla), (Jza), (Jaa), (J
4a) When all are selected, No. 13 amplified by amplifiers (2a) to (2d) are combined and output to the input terminals (Jxb), (J2b),
(J3b) and (J4b) appear, respectively.

Therefore, the combined output of amplifiers (2a) to (2d) corresponds to one antenna (la,), (lb), (lc), (ldl) corresponding to the selected input terminal (Jta) to (J4a) Ic.
It will radiate from either of them.

At frequencies other than the center frequency fO, the output terminals (J5a, ) to (, Ta
Although the phase difference of No. 1d appearing in b) is not uniform,
Due to the reversibility of the Patora matrix, the efficiency of the above-mentioned ``gravitational synthesis'' does not decrease at all in this case, and all amplifiers (2a
) ~ (2d) output is antenna (1aL (lb),
It is emitted from either (], c), or (1d).

Air +ll C1a) ~ (ld) is mechanically the angle 1tθ
1 to '74'e, there is no problem of low gain due to scanning as seen in the conventional method 3, and there is no restriction on the Toyo spacing, so it is easy to select the element antenna dimensions and shape. There is also a degree of freedom. Unlike the conventional method 2, when high-speed operation is required, an electronic switch can be replaced manually.
11 Since it is necessary to provide it at @ of the Patora matrix (5a), it is not necessary to have extremely high power resistance. Although a large amount of power passes through the output (Itl+Patra matrix (5b)), compared to the electronic switch, the configuration is easy because it is easy to create a Tramatrix with good power resistance.

Furthermore, as with conventional methods 1 and 3, it is also possible to simultaneously perform transmission in multiple ρ directions.

In addition, in this example, the number of input/output terminals, the number of antennas, and the number of amplifiers of the Patoramatrix are all 4, but this is not the case and the number of transmissions is not limited to this and can be increased by increasing the number. It is also possible to increase both the power and the antenna gain.

[Effect of Irradiation 1-1] As described below, in this invention, Lt″L is #/?fM,l, as shown in FIG. 6 in the circuit, so over a wide band,
(Course procedure brc ■IT-H6's internal car 1) The high efficiency construction (conducted, circuit components) is mostly easy, simultaneous multi-directional transmission is also possible BIKRP This has the effect of providing a (effective radiation gravity) type radiation antenna.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a block diagram that eliminates the conventional individual center line system;
The figure is a block diagram without the conventional antenna switching system, Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the conventional Butler array antenna system, Figure 4 is a block diagram of the Patora matrix configuration, and Figure 5 is based on the conventional σ) Patra array antenna system. FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a feed 1g midline device t according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, (la), (than), (lc), (
la) is the antenna, (21, (2a), (2bL (2
cL (2a) is an amplifier, (3) is a switch, (4a,
), (4N, (4c), (4dl is the element antenna,
(5) is a Patram matrix, (5a) u input terminal Patram matrix, tabnet output (ti11 Patram matrix, +[il is 90° hybrid, (7) is di I/
-Line section. Note that the same or similar portions in each figure are omitted. Agent Masuo Oiwa Figure 1 Figure 214 4-r4 Figure 5 (Figure 1 Procedural Sleeve (spontaneous) 2. Name of the invention Transmitting antenna device 3. Person making the amendment Relationship to the case Owner, 1. Applicant Representative Hitoshi Katayama, Department 4, Agent 7, List of attached documents (1) Document indicating the scope of patent claims after correction One or more copies of two or more patra matrices having the same characteristics of the claims are connected in opposite directions through two or more amplifiers, and the combined output of the amplifiers is radiated centrally from one of the antennas installed in the desired direction. A transmitting antenna device characterized by:

Claims (1)

[Claims] Two Patram matrices with the same characteristics are connected to each other in the direction V which faces each other via all the amplifiers.
A transmitting central line device which is characterized by the fact that the output of the synthesized amplifier is radiated in a concentrated manner from one of the two antennas, which is installed so that the output of the synthesized amplifier is directed in the desired direction. .