JPS6011312Y2 - Marine double-acting reduction/reversing machine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial field of application and background of the invention 3 This invention relates to a marine reduction/reversing gear, and in particular to a double-acting plate-type reducing/reversing gear having forward and reverse friction plates. be.

In general, in marine engines, the efficiency of the propeller increases by lowering the rotation speed and increasing the diameter of the propeller, and even if the engine has the same horsepower, the ship's speed will increase. Since the rotation speed is high, a reduction gear is required.

On the other hand, for example, when using a marine engine for a fishing boat, it is necessary to engage and disengage the clutch 1,000 times a day due to the type of fishing, so the clutch operation must be light and easy. I need a sense of control and nimbleness.

Due to such a background, a speed reduction/reversing gear is used in marine engines, and its operation is required to be nimble.

[Conventional technology and its problems]

Conventionally, this type of marine double-acting speed reduction/reversing machine has been designed to be movable in the direction of the main shaft, as seen in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 14255/1983 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 14875/1983, which were created by one of the inventors of the present invention. Pistons with pointed ends that can freely come out and go in the radial direction are provided in several cylinders, and the pointed ends of the pistons are moved along the inner surface of the inverted V-shaped rotor to forward, neutral, and reverse positions by means of a clutch lever. The structure is such that the main shaft is moved to the position, and as a result, the arm pivoted on the rotator is moved in the direction of the main shaft, and the driving friction plate pivoted on the arm is pressed against the forward or backward friction plate. The piston presses against the inverted V-shaped rotator and rotates it by the centrifugal force due to its own weight and the elasticity of a spring engaged with the piston.

However, in such a speed reduction/reversing machine, a pressing force is applied to the piston relative to the inverted V-shaped rotor by the resultant force of the centrifugal force due to the piston's own weight and the elasticity of the spring, so that the engine is in the same state (e.g. Since the pressing force is the same whether it is in neutral (at high speed) or when the clutch is engaged (for example, forward), in order to increase the torque transmission force, the piston's own weight or spring force can be increased. However, there was a problem in that the clutch lever switching operation became difficult.

[Means for solving problems]

Therefore, the present invention was devised to eliminate such inconveniences, and will be explained in detail based on an embodiment. 1 is a handle for sliding the central shaft 3, which is the main shaft, in the axial direction. (Clutch lever) rotates around the pivot shaft 2.

4 is an actuating body fixed to the central shaft 3, and the clutch body 11
The operating body 4 includes an inverted V-shaped rotator 8, which is a part of the mechanism for sliding the drive friction plate 10 in the axial direction between the forward friction plate 12 and the backward friction plate 13. A roller 14 that can be pressed against the roller 14, a spring 5 for pressing, a centrifugal weight 6 holding the spring, and a presser metal fitting 7 having the roller 14 are arranged in succession in the radial direction.

The roller 14 is pivotally connected to the drive friction plate 10 via an arm 9.
7 is pressed against the cam surface 15 of the rotor 8.

The cam surface 15 is formed in an inverted V shape and has three recesses in the axial direction, into which the roller 14 slides by sliding in the axial direction of the central shaft 3. When the rotor 14 slides in, the rotator 8 rotates, and as a result, the arm 9 reciprocates in the direction of the main axis.

Now, move the center shaft 3 using the handle 1 (tilt it to the left in the figure)
When slid to the right, the roller 14 enters the right recess of the rotor 8, so that the rotor 8 rotates counterclockwise.

As a result, the arm 9 is moved forward in the left-right direction, and as a result, the drive friction plate 10 is pressed against the clutch body 11 together with the forward friction plate 12.

Therefore, the forward shaft 16 fixed to the forward friction plate 12 also moves to the left, rotates together with the clutch body 11 which is constantly rotating, and causes the forward gear 20 to rotate the large gear 21 and the thrust shaft 22 to rotate. drive

In other words, clutch in for forward movement. Similarly, if the handle 1 is tilted to the right in the figure, the reverse friction plate 13 will move from the clutch body 1.
1 and fixed to the reverse friction plate 13, the reverse shaft 17 also moves to the right, rotates together with the clutch body 11, and connects to the large gear 21 via the reverse gear 19 and intermediate wheel (not shown).
is rotated in the opposite direction to the front direction to drive the thrust shaft 22.

Here, in order to remotely rotate the handle 1 using a commercially available remote control wire, or to use it in a reversing machine for a fishing boat, it is necessary to make the reciprocating movement of the drive friction plate 10 in the axial direction smooth and light.

Therefore, the roller 14 can be
If the rotor 8 is rotated by pressing it against the cam surface 15, there is a problem as described above, so in this embodiment, the rotor 8 is rotated by the elasticity of the spring 5 at low speeds, and at high speeds. The rotator 8 is further biased by the centrifugal weight 6 to rotate, thereby increasing the forward or backward friction plate pressing force (torque transmission force).

More specifically, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 3, the roller 14 that presses against the inverted V-shaped rotator 8 is rotatably provided at the tip of the presser metal fitting 7, and the presser metal fitting 7 has a small diameter. Rod body 7
' is provided in a protruding manner to form a stepped portion 30.

The presser fitting 7 is fitted into the operating body 4 so as to be freely protrusive and retractable in the radial direction.

A centrifugal weight 6 is slidably inserted into the rod 7' and removably locked therein, and the centrifugal weight 6 holds the spring 5 so as to bias it in the direction in which the holding fitting 7 protrudes.

Therefore, when the clutch of this embodiment is in the neutral position, the roller 14 is located at the center of the inverted V-shaped cam surface 15, so that the roller 14 and the presser metal fitting 7 protrude to the maximum radius position, and the centrifugal weight 6 is activated. Since it is in contact with and fixed to the body 4, only the pressing force by the roller 14 and the centrifugal force due to the weight of the presser metal fitting 7 is generated, and the elasticity of the centrifugal weight 6 and the spring 5 does not act on the rotator 8.

Next, when the clutch is switched to move forward or backward, the position of the roller 14 will be closer to the center axis 3 than when it is in neutral, so that the stepped portion 30 of the presser metal fitting 7 and the centrifugal weight 6 come into contact and are locked.

As a result, the pressing force by the roller 14 becomes the resultant force of three forces: the centrifugal force due to the own weight of the presser fitting 7, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal weight 6, and the elasticity of the spring 5, and the driving friction plate 10 moves forward or backward. Crimp firmly.

To explain this state in more detail, when the engine is at low speed in the case of clutch-in, the pressing force by the roller 14 is small, since the centrifugal force due to the own weight of the presser metal fitting 7 and the centrifugal force of the centrifugal weight 6 are small, so the elasticity of the spring 5 is In addition, when the engine is at high speed in the case of clutch-in, the pressing force by the roller 14 is combined with the centrifugal force due to the weight of the presser fitting 7 and the elasticity of the spring 5. Regardless of this resultant force, the structure is such that the centrifugal force due to the centrifugal weight 6 acts extremely on the rotator 8.

If this state is illustrated, it will be as shown in the second diagram.In the case of the prior art, the spring load was in the state of A, but in the case of this embodiment, the spring load is in the state of A. The clutch transmission horsepower was A, but in this example, the clutch transmission horsepower is shown as B, and since the shaded area is the engine rotational speed range where clutch switching is normally operated, In this embodiment, the maximum transmission torque is obtained at the maximum rotational speed, and on the other hand, the clutch can be easily switched.

On the other hand, in the conventional technology, if an attempt is made to increase the transmitted torque, the clutch switching operation becomes heavy.

Note that C is the propeller absorption horsepower.

Note that 25 indicates a clutch shaft, and 23.26 indicates a coupling.

Since the present invention adopts the configuration described above, it has the following effects.

[Effect of idea]

(1) Forward or backward friction holding force (torque transmission force),
Mainly, it is performed using centrifugal weights and can be made powerful.
The clutch can be engaged reliably, and since the clutch switching operation is generally performed at low speeds, it can be operated against only the elasticity of the spring, making it nimble, and commercially available remote control wires can be used, reducing the cost of the remote control. It also becomes.

(2) Since the clutch switching handle can be operated lightly, the force is equivalent to that of the engine's governor lever, and it can be linked with the engine governor lever, making it easy to operate with one handle, making it possible to use so-called finger control.

(3) In the neutral state, the pressing force exerted by the roller 14 on the rotating element is only the centrifugal force due to the weight of the presser metal fitting 7, that is, the pressing force is small, so the operation of clutching in forward or reverse is easy; Moreover, even if the point of application of the pressing force of the roller 14 is located offset from the center of the inverted V-shaped rotator, that is, even if the driving friction plate is located offset from the middle of the forward and backward friction plates to either side, Since the pressing force is small, the drive friction plate is not pressed against the forward/reverse movement friction plate, and therefore, it is possible to prevent the drive friction plate from turning around and to improve the disengagement of the clutch.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is the engine speed -
Spring load diagram, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 1. 1...Handle, 3...Center shaft, 4.
...Operating body, 5...Spring, 6...
・Centrifugal weight, 10... Drive friction plate, 11.
...Clutch body, 12...Forward friction plate, 13...Reverse friction plate, 14...Roller, 15...Cam surface.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] ■ A forward friction plate, a reverse friction plate, and a driving friction plate located between these plates are provided in the clutch body that constantly rotates with power from the engine, and the driving friction plate is rotated in the axial direction. These friction plates are made to be able to slide, and a central shaft is provided at the center of rotation of these friction plates, with an operating section at one end and a presser metal fitting that can be freely retracted and retracted in the radial direction at the other end. In a marine double-acting speed reducer in which a V-shaped rotor is provided and the rotor is connected to the outer periphery of the drive friction plate via an arm, a , a centrifugal weight is releasably locked, and the centrifugal weight holds a spring biasing the presser fitting in the projecting direction, and when in neutral, the rotator is pressed only by centrifugal force due to the weight of the presser fitting. A double-acting reduction/reversing machine for marine use. ■ A marine compound according to the scope of the utility model registration claim item (2), in which a bar is provided on the presser metal fitting, a centrifugal weight is inserted into the rod body, and the presser metal fitting is located at the center of the inverted V-shaped rotator when in neutral position. Dynamic reduction/reversing machine.