JPS60110779A - Method for preventing scatter of powder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent economical loss, environmental pollution and silicosis by preventing the scuttering of powder over a long period of time, by using a highly water-absorbing resin. CONSTITUTION:A powder (e.g. volcanic ash soil, sand, pulverized coal, powder for ceramics or powdered waste) is prevented from scattering by using a highly water-absorbing resin (e.g. a highly water-absorbing isobutylene/maleic anhydride polymer having a water absorption ratio of 400). As the highly water-absorbing resin, those capable of absorbing water in a quantity of 30-1,200 times, pref. 40-500 times the weight of the resin are preferred. The resin is slurried in water is a quantity exceeding the water absorption ratio of the resin and the slurry is sprayed on the powder by a pump. Alternatively, a mixture of the powder and the resin is prepd. and then spread over the powder and water is sprinkled thereon.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The field of the invention is a method for preventing the scattering of granular materials such as soil, sand, ore 1 coal (pulverized coal), ceramic raw materials, etc. using polymeric substances.

Description of the Prior Art Conventionally, volcanic ash soil, sand from sand dunes, sand piled up during road construction and housing development, piled up powder such as ore, pulverized coal, and raw materials for ceramics are subject to erosion by rain and wind. If this is left unattended, powder and granule dust will scatter and become a source of pollution, so various methods have been taken to completely prevent the powder and granule from scattering.

The simplest method is to sprinkle water on the powder deposits, but with this method, if the water dries out, it loses its anti-scattering effect and requires frequent watering, which is difficult to do in the summer. It was difficult to adopt in remote areas and it was rare. In addition, methods of spraying water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethylcellulose, various surfactants dissolved or dispersed in water, synthetic rubber latex, and synthetic resin emulsions onto the powder deposits have also been investigated. However, these methods have poor weather resistance and cannot be used for long periods of time.
The product was far from being practical due to problems such as deterioration and decreased performance, 1, decomposition by microorganisms and rot, and runoff due to rain.0 Summary of the Invention An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing scattering of powder and granular materials, which eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art as described above.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing scattering of powder particles for a long period of time.

Another purpose is to prevent powder and granules from climbing up during cargo handling and transportation, and to prevent economic losses, pollution, silicosis, etc. The purpose is to prevent the additive itself, which is added to prevent scattering, from being easily washed away by rain or the like.

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned object is a polymer/molecular compound a.

This can be achieved by using a super absorbent resin as the polymer material.

The superabsorbent resin used in the present invention is insoluble in water, but absorbs at least 5 times its own weight (dry ffff1) of water at room temperature, and retains almost no water even when squeezed. It is a resin that has the performance of

If the water absorption capacity of the super absorbent resin is too small or too large, the desired effect of the present invention cannot be obtained. i30 to 1,200 times more preferable *4
Preferably, it is in the range of 0 to 500 times 0. Many such resins and their manufacturing methods are known. Examples of superabsorbent resins suitable for the present invention are listed below.

(1) Modified polyvinyl alcohol obtained by reacting a cyclic acid anhydride such as maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, or trimellitic anhydride with a polyvinyl alcohol resin in an anhydrous state and heat-treating the product.

(2) - α-71-L/fin having 2 to 12 carbon atoms such as ethylene, propylene, imbutylene, diisobutylene and maleic anhydride or its derivatives (e.g. maleic acid,
Maleic anhydride-based copolymers consisting of maleic acid amide, maleic acid imide) or crosslinked products of fcFi and their alkali metal salts or ammonium salts (for example, JP-A-56-3
6504).

(31 Maleic anhydride copolymer consisting of vinyl monomers such as methyl vinyl ether, vinyl acetate, styrene, etc. and maleic anhydride or its derivatives, or a cross-linked product of an alkali metal salt or ammonium salt thereof (JP-A-56)
-36504 Publication].

(4) Self-crosslinked acrylic acid alkali metal salt polymer obtained from an alkali metal salt of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 1983-46389).

(5) Self-crosslinked saponified copolymers of vinyl esters and esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid (Japanese Patent Publication No. 37994/1983).

(6) Starch is also obtained by graft polymerizing acrylonitrile to cellulose and then hydrolyzing it (JP-A-1 E1).
846-6744) Q(7) Starch or cellulose is graft-polymerized with unsaturated carboxylic acids (maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, etc.) and then crosslinked (
(Special Publication No. 53-46199).

Among these, superabsorbent resins using large maleic anhydride copolymers mentioned in (2) and (8) have excellent durability and heat resistance, and are superior in durability and heat resistance. Since it is manufactured by crosslinking with a crosslinking agent such as a derivative polyepoxy compound or polyvalent amine, white carbon is produced during the crosslinking reaction.

When particles of inorganic substances such as magnesium carbonate, magne/cum silicate, calcium carbonate, clay, and Kurji coexist, a water-absorbing composite is created in which the entire surface of each particle is nucleated with a superabsorbent resin. This is preferable because it allows the specific gravity to be increased. In particular, inbutylene-maleic anhydride alternating copolymers or copolymers neutralized with basic substances and crosslinked with polyvalent amines or polyvalent epoxy compounds have particularly excellent durability and heat resistance. Therefore, it is preferable.

Powder in the present invention refers to volcanic ash (loam) soil, sand from beaches and dunes, sand piled up during road construction and housing development, ore, pulverized coal, ceramic raw materials, etc. body, and also the accumulation of various powdery wastes.

The method for using the super absorbent resin in the scattering prevention method of the present invention includes a method in which the super absorbent resin is slurried in a large amount of water having a water absorption capacity or higher, and then sprayed with a pump.
A method in which a mixture of powder and granular material and a super absorbent resin is prepared in advance and the mixture is sprinkled on a granular material, and a method in which the super absorbent resin contains water in the above two methods. There are various methods such as how to leave it. In addition, in the method of using a super absorbent resin without containing water, it is preferable to sprinkle water after spraying the super absorbent resin. 2k
? /rl, preferably within a range of o, a to 1 ky/m''.

Compared to the method using an emulsion, the scattering prevention method of the present invention can keep not only one surface but also the inside moist at all times. In other words, the dust-proofing effect is always maintained even when illegally processed piles are cut into pieces and transported.

Mfc QWater-absorbent resin is durable enough to absorb water and evaporate many times, and has the property of rapidly absorbing water and gradually evaporating water, and is highly sticky when absorbing water, so it can withstand occasional rainfall. It also absorbs enough water to maintain its moist state and stickiness for a long period of time, preventing powder particles from scattering. This is fundamentally different from the conventional method of covering the surface of powder with a thin film to prevent scattering.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to one example, but the present invention is not limited thereto in any way.

Example 1 and Comparative Examples Isobutylene maleic anhydride polymer based super water absorbent resin with water absorption capacity of 400 times (trade name [K Nigel 201HJ) 100
2 was added to water 101 to prepare a gel of a super absorbent resin containing 100 times its own weight of water.

The superabsorbent resin was mixed to 1l of sand passing through the gel e1m sieve so that the amount of superabsorbent resin was 0.32lζ.

The sand thus obtained is shaped like a sand pile (diameter: R = 1 m, height: h = Q, 5 m) as shown in Figure 1 (A) (
Approximately 13OA') and left outdoors in a natural state for 3 months.
We investigated the presence or absence of scattering and changes in its condition. For comparison, a comparison was made with a sand pile to which nothing was added. In addition, vinyl acetate emulsion (spray ROM-5010) was diluted with 2 times the amount of water to 1.1/A' on the sand pile without any additives.
Conduct a similar investigation by spraying at a rate of f
c.

The results are shown in Table 1, and it can be seen that the anti-scattering effect is excellent when -super absorbent resin is used.

Table 1 1) The shape of the sand mountain is shown in Figure 1 A and C.02
] Height 50 cnl immediately after creating the sand pile Example 2 The procedure was the same as in Example 1, except that the ratio of super absorbent resin used was 12 to 1 liter of sand. , the scattering prevention effect was investigated. The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Example 3 Inbutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer (an alternating copolymer with a molar ratio of isobutylene and maleic anhydride of 1=1 and a molecular weight of about 160,000. Clary Sobrene Chemical ■ Production ■ 100 parts of isono(n-10), 32 parts of sodium hydroxide (an amount equivalent to converting about 60 mol% of the carboxyl groups based on maleic anhydride in the copolymer into salt) and 500 parts of water at 80°C. A homogeneous aqueous solution of the sodium salt of inbutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer was prepared by stirring at a temperature of
Polyethyleneimine with a molecular weight of 1200 (polyethyleneimine 5P-(112) manufactured by Nippon Shokubai ■) was added at 0.0% so that the water absorption capacity of the super absorbent resin after heat treatment was approximately 140 times.
Kaolin clay (Kueya Chikara Orin Kogyo RMNN Kaolin) was mixed with 3 parts by weight of Inpan-10 to this aqueous solution, dried on an iron plate at about 120°C, and further heated to 160°C. Heat treatment was performed in a hot air dryer for 16 hours.

This was pulverized into particles that passed through a 20-mesh wire mesh to obtain a water-absorbing (inorganic powder and granule) composite. this complex], r'i
The dispersion was poured into a 200 fc beaker, added with 1000f distilled water, and incubated for several hours.Then, the dispersion was filtered through a 200m mesh nylon cloth. By measuring the weight of the water-containing water-absorbing composite thus obtained,
When the water absorption capacity of the aqueous composite was calculated, the water absorption capacity was found to be 50 times.

An anti-scattering moving bed was examined in the same manner as in Example 1, except that this water-absorbing composite was used. the result? Shown in the third garment.

Below margin Table 3

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the shape of the sand mound created in the example and the changed shape of the sand mound. 6DiA) The shape of the sand mound that did not change at all during the creation of Fi, (B) the shape of the sand mound with thinned sand,
(C) shows the shape of a sand mountain when the sand is extremely thin. Patent applicant Ri Co., Ltd. Rare representative patent attorney Ken Honda

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] υ A method for preventing scattering of powder or granular material, characterized in that when a polymeric substance is used to prevent the scattering of powder or granular material, a superabsorbent resin is used as the polymeric substance. 2) The method according to claim 1, wherein the super absorbent resin is a crosslinked product of a maleic anhydride copolymer.