JPS6010736B2 - body fluid filtration device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a body fluid filtering device for filtering body fluids to separate substances in the body fluids.

- When performing blood component fractionation (mainly blood plasma component collection) or body fluid component exchange (furnace-induced artificial kidney or furnace-induced artificial liver), a large amount of blood plasma is extracted from the patient's blood. remove.

As a result, the amount of blood circulating in the patient's body rapidly decreases, and if left unchecked, it can be dangerous and cause various serious symptoms. Therefore, it is necessary to replenish the body fluid. Moreover, the amount of this replenishment fluid needs to be balanced to the amount obtained by subtracting the amount of water removed from the amount of filtrate. Conventionally, this amount of replenishment fluid must be balanced with the amount of filtrate. There are weight control methods and capacity control methods as means.

In the above capacity control method, two tubes of the same material and diameter are usually attached to a two-way roller pump, one of which is used to discharge the filtrate, and the other is used to inject the replenisher. By using it as a replenisher, the same amount of replenishment fluid as the furnace koji solution to be discharged is injected into the venous circuit. However, this capacity control method has the serious drawback that errors accumulate and the amount of filtrate and replenisher cannot be accurately determined, which is a problem especially when a large amount of filtration is carried out over a long period of time. On the other hand, the weight control method stores the filtrate and uses a scale to replenish the replenisher with a weight corresponding to the weight of the filtrate.

Therefore, accurate control is possible, but since a precision scale is used, it is susceptible to vibration and is difficult to handle. Furthermore, since a large amount of filtrate with a foul odor is constantly stored during operation, it is extremely unsanitary, and the post-treatment of a large amount of filtrate (up to 20 mm) is a hassle. Moreover, what is common to both of the above-mentioned systems is that their circuit configurations are quite complex, and handling in actual use is quite cumbersome and there is a high possibility of operational errors occurring.

The present invention was made with a focus on the above-mentioned tank, and its purpose is to be able to accurately control the amount of furnace filtrate and replenisher, and to simplify its circuit configuration and facilitate its handling. It is an object of the present invention to provide a body fluid filtration device that can process filtrate in a sanitary manner.

That is, the present invention provides a drainage metering pump and a water removal metering system through a blood circulation circuit having a hemofilter inserted therebetween, and a furnace filtrate chamber connected to the drain port of the hemofilter and temporarily storing furnace filtrate. A furnace filtrate discharge line for discharging furnace filtrate by a pump, and a replenisher metering chamber that receives replenisher from a replenisher supply source and temporarily stores a fixed amount of replenisher according to a fixed amount of discharge by the above-mentioned teaching liquid metering pump. and a replenisher injection line that supplies the same amount of replenisher as the discharge amount of the drainage liquid metering pump to the middle of the blood circulation circuit 3 in synchronization with the discharge operation of the chick liquid metering pump. This is a body fluid filtration device.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An artificial kidney device will be described below as an embodiment of the present invention based on the drawings.

This artificial kidney device is composed of a blood circulation circuit 1, a replenisher injection line 2 and a filtrate discharge line 3, which are connected in the middle of the three blood circulation circuits 1.

Further, the blood circulation circuit 1 includes a hemofilter 4, a blood introduction line 5 for introducing blood into the hemofilter 4, and a blood return line 6 for returning blood from the hemofilter 4 to the patient. The line 5 includes a heparin line connection connector 7 and a blood pump 8 in series from the inflow side.
and an arterial chamber 9 are provided.

A heparin line turtle 1 equipped with a heparin infusion pump 10 is connected to the heparin line connector 7, and heparin as an anticoagulant is appropriately injected into the blood introduction line 5. Furthermore, the blood pump 8 is configured to push out and transfer blood by squeezing a rolling inspector 12 inserted in the middle of the blood introduction line 5 using rollers 13, 13. A pressure gauge 14 is connected to the arterial chamber 9 to detect the pressure in the blood introduction line 5 and control the pressure. When the pressure becomes abnormal, the blood pump 8 is stopped to prevent danger.The blood return line 6 is also equipped with a venous chamber turtle 5, an air detector 6, and A servo valve 17 is provided.The venous chamber 15 is for removing air bubbles in the blood.
Furthermore, a pressure gauge 18 is connected to the venous chamber 15 to detect the pressure within the blood return line 6.The air detector 16 can also be removed through the venous chamber 5. It detects air bubbles that were not present, and when air bubbles are detected, the operation of the blood pump 8 is stopped and the servo valve 17 is completely closed.The servo valve 17 is connected to the tube of the blood return line 6. By pressing the blood return line 6, the flow rate in the blood return line 6 is adjusted to a constant pressure.Furthermore, when the air detector 16 and the leak detector 20, which will be described later, detect an abnormality, the blood return line 6 is completely closed. On the other hand, the furnace filtrate discharge line 3 is connected to the discharge hole 19 of the Hemofilter 4, and along the way, a leak detector 20 and a negative pressure pump 21 are connected in series from the Hemofilter 4 side.
and a furnace chamber 22 are provided. Furthermore, a piston-type water removal metering pump 24 is connected in parallel to the bottom of the furnace chamber 22, as is a so-called piston-type discharge liquid metering pump 23, which is composed of a piston and a cylinder. The discharge liquid metering pump 23 discharges a fixed amount of the furnace filtrate in an amount that exceeds the amount of water to be removed than the blood volume, and the water removal metering pump 24 discharges the furnace filtrate in an amount corresponding to the amount of water to be removed than the blood volume. It is for draining liquid. and,
Each of the pumps 23 and 24 is configured to take out and discharge a fixed amount of filtrate from the filtrate chamber 22 in response to an integral number of reciprocating movements of its piston. That is, the discharged liquid metering pump 23 and the water removal metering pump 24 are connected between a pair of check valves 25, which are respectively provided toward the discharge side as backflow preventers. The furnace is configured to take in the furnace filtrate only from the furnace filtration chamber 22 and discharge it only to the discharge side. The discharge liquid metering pump 23 and the water removal metering pump 24 are composed of highly accurate pistons 28, 29 and syringes 26, 27 made of ceramic or jewelry, and the pistons 28, 29 are reciprocated by a drive source (not shown). It is designed to be driven.
The filtrate chamber 22 temporarily stores the filtrate passed through the hemofilter 4, and is equipped with an upper limit detector 30 for detecting the upper limit of the level of the stored filtrate.
A lower limit detector 31 is provided to detect the lower limit of the lower limit.

Various methods can be considered for this detection method, but for example, the projecting light source 32 is configured with two phototubes 33 to detect the liquid level. Then, the upper limit detector 30 knows in advance that the furnace filtrate is overflowing from the furnace filtrate chamber 22,
This is to prevent this. In addition, the lower limit detector 3
1, when the liquid level drops too much, air is blown into the Enoki E liquid metering pump 23, which discharges the furnace filtrate from the furnace 2 filtrate chamber, and the water removal metering pump 24, which removes water, to prevent it from entering. It is for the purpose of That is, the lower limit detector 31
When the liquid level is detected, the operation of the 9E liquid metering pump 23 and the water removal metering pump 3 24 is stopped. However, when the furnace filtrate accumulates in the furnace filtrate chamber 22 again, it automatically returns to normal operation and restarts the operation from the previously stopped state. The overflow detector 20 detects the hemoglobin concentration in blood plasma using a phototube or colorimetric method 3, and when the concentration exceeds a certain level, it issues an alarm, stops the blood pump 8, and activates a servo valve. 17 is stopped.

On the other hand, the replenisher injection line 2 is connected to the upper part of the venous chamber 16 of the blood circulation circuit 41, and the replenisher is supplied from the replenisher supply source 34 by the amount of permeate liquid discharged by the Enoki liquid metering pump 23. It is designed to be supplied to the blood circulation circuit 1. That is, in the middle of the replenisher injection line 2, a first injection pump 35 and a first valve 3 are connected from the replenisher supply source 34 side.
6, replenisher metering chamber 37, second valve 38, second
An infusion pump 39 and a warmer 40 are sequentially connected in series. Here, the first injection pump 35 and the second valve 36 are connected to a replenishment liquid metering chamber 37 as described below.
A first replenisher supply means for supplying a replenisher to the replenisher is configured. Also, a second valve 39 and a second infusion pump 38
constitutes a second replenishment fluid supply coupling means for supplying replenishment fluid to the blood circulation circuit side. Further, the replenishment liquid metering chamber 37 temporarily stores the replenishment liquid to be supplied to the blood circulation circuit 1 side, and has a capacity of, for example, 50 units. This capacity is accurately set by an upper limit detector 41 and a lower limit detector 42 that detect the liquid level. That is, the upper limit detector 41 and the lower limit detector 42 are composed of, for example, a light source 43 for projecting light and a phototube 44, and these are placed opposite to each other with the upper limit detection part 45 and the lower limit detection part 46 of the replenishment liquid metering chamber 37 interposed therebetween, respectively, to detect the replenisher. The liquid level is optically detected. Note that the upper limit detection portion 45 and the lower limit detection portion 46 are particularly configured to have a small internal cross-sectional area so that a small change in the replenishing liquid can cause a large change in the liquid level. Therefore, the capacity of the replenisher metering chamber 37 can be set with high precision. When the lower limit detector 42 detects a drop in the liquid level, the first valve 36 is opened, the first injection pump 35 is activated, and the replenisher is supplied to the replenisher metering chamber 37.

This operation continues until the upper limit detector 41 detects the liquid level. That is, when the upper limit detector 41 detects the liquid level, the first valve 36 is closed and the operation of the first injection pump 35 is stopped. Of course, when this replenisher is being supplied, the second valve 38 is closed;
And the second infusion pump 39 is stopped. That is, the second valve 38 is automatically closed when the lower limit detector 42 detects the lower limit of the liquid level, and the operation of the second injection pump 39 is stopped.

The warmer 40' is used to heat the supplied replenisher to about body temperature.

The blood circulation circuit 1, the replenisher injection line 2, and the filtrate discharge line 3 can be separated from each other, and are connected to each other and assembled when used.

In addition, the furnace filtrate chamber 22 in the furnace filtrate discharge line 3
The tympanic fluid metering pump 23 and water removal metering pump 24 can be separated from the other leak detector 20 and negative pressure pump 21. And the furnace filtrate chamber 2
The parts of the drain metering pump 23 and the water removal metering pump 2 are not disposable and can be used regularly. next,
The operation of the upper koshiki treatment device will be explained.

First, when you activate the blood circulation circuit turtle's blood pump,
Blood flows into the blood inlet line from the arterial side of the thought, passes through the arterial chamber 9, and flows into the blood chamber of the hemofilter.Furthermore, it flows from the blood chamber of the hemofilter umbrella into the blood return line 6, and enters the venous chamber. and returns to the patient's vein through the air detector 8 and the servo valve.Meanwhile, by operating the negative pressure pump 200 in the furnace filtrate discharge line 3, negative pressure is applied to the discharge chamber side of the hemofilter turtle. Furnace filtration is carried out. Then, the filtrate is stored in the filtrate chamber 22 by the negative pressure pump 211, and if it contains air bubbles, it is removed here. The furnace waste once stored is discharged in fixed amounts by the pseudo liquid metering pump 23 and the water removal metering pump 2.Then, in synchronization with the operation of the drain metering pump 23, the replenisher injection line 2 is discharged. The replenisher injection operation is performed.Here, if the scale liquid capacity by the scale liquid metering pump 23 is 50 ships, the vertical positions of the upper limit detector 41 and lower limit detector 42 of the replenisher liquid metering chamber 37 are adjusted. and its capacity is 50'.

Therefore, when the Enoki E liquid metering pump 23 starts suction operation, the second valve S of the replenisher injection line 2 is activated.
The crab opens and the second infusion pump 39 starts operating. At this time, the first infusion pump 35 of the first replenishment fluid supplying means
operation is stopped and the valve 36 of the first replenisher supply means is closed. Therefore, no new replenisher fluid is supplied to this chamber 37. When a predetermined amount of liquid is supplied from the replenisher metering chamber 37, the lower limit detector 42 in the detection means for detecting the upper limit and lower limit provided in the replenisher metering chamber 37 detects the liquid level, Second valve 38 of the second replenisher supply V supply means
At the same time, the operation of the second infusion pump 39 is stopped. This temporarily stops the supply of replenisher. Further, the draining liquid metering pump 23 also stops when it has sucked and discharged a fixed amount, that is, the above-mentioned 50 Z, and stops until the start of the next operation. In this way, the amount of filtrate discharged and the amount of replenisher supplied are exactly the same. On the other hand, after the second valve 38 of the second replenisher supply means in the replenisher injection line 2 is closed, the first valve 36 of the second replenisher supply means is opened and the first infusion pump 36 of the second replenisher supply means is opened. starts working,
The replenisher is supplied to the replenisher metering chamber 37 until it reaches the upper limit and is detected by the upper limit detector 41 of the upper limit detecting means. In this way, a certain amount of replenisher is stored in the replenisher metering chamber 37 again. Once again, a certain amount of furnace filtrate is stored in the furnace filtrate chamber 2, which has decreased due to the above operation.
Repeat the above operation again. In addition, the replenishment liquid metering chamber 3
The replenisher is temporarily stored in order to continuously supply the replenisher for up to 7G.Furthermore, the replenisher is set to the same amount as the amount of fluid discharged by the piston-type drainage metering pump.

In addition, when the amount of filtrate accumulated in the lachrymal fluid chamber 22 reaches a predetermined upper limit, the drain liquid metering pump 3
It also has the function of starting the injection operation of the replenisher. Therefore, by providing this furnace filtrate chamber 2, accurate discharge operation of the pseudo liquid metering pump can be ensured, and the inconvenience of insufficient furnace liquid during operation can also be avoided. In this way, the furnace filtrate chamber 22 is used to ensure the amount of liquid discharged by the piston-type drain liquid metering pump that discharges in synchronization with the replenisher liquid metering chamber 331, and to avoid dry operation or overflow. .

In general, the amount of sewage throughput per unit time of a hemofilter is not constant.Also, in order to promote the action of the hemofilter 4, the negative pressure on the furnace filtrate discharge line 3 side is drawn using a negative pressure pump 21, etc. However, the amount of furnace filtrate per unit time varies depending on fluctuations at this time. Here, by providing the above-mentioned furnace filtrate chamber 22, the required amount of furnace filtrate is temporarily stored, and once it has accumulated, the above-mentioned discharge operation is performed. Therefore, dry operation or overflow can be prevented, and on the other hand,
The water removal metering pump 24 removes water by suctioning and discharging a set amount of furnace filtrate within a set time within the range in which the furnace filtrate is stored in the stagnation liquid chamber 22 . This water removal is performed independently of the pseudo liquid metering pump 23 and the metering of the replenisher. In addition, the capacity of the replenishment liquid metering chamber 37 and the pseudo liquid metering pump 2
The capacity ratio of 3 may be the same as described above, or it may be a different ratio such as 2 to 1 or 3 to 1, so that the amount of waste liquid for one metering of the furnace filtrate chamber 22 may be changed to a different ratio such as 2 to 1 or 3 to 1. The metering pump 23 may be operated two or three times.

Furthermore, a plurality of replenishment liquid metering chambers and drainage liquid metering pumps may be provided in parallel. Although the above embodiments have been described with respect to an artificial kidney device, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to other applications in which substances in body fluids are separated using the filtration effect.

As explained above, the present invention opens and closes the valve in synchronization with the discharge operation of the waste liquid metering pump, which discharges the furnace filtrate by a fixed amount, and supplies the same amount of replenisher as the above-mentioned discharge amount. It is equipped with a liquid metering chamber.

Therefore, it is possible to accurately control the amount of liquid drained from the liquid metering pump and the amount supplied from the replenisher injection line.
Moreover, it is easy to handle. Furthermore, there is no need to store a large amount of filtrate with a strange odor during operation, and it can be disposed of one after another, making it possible to dispose of it hygienically. In addition, the configuration allows each part to be clearly distinguished as a simple system without having to connect the blood circulation circuit, replenisher injection line, and furnace filtrate discharge line in a complicated manner.In other words, the overall circuit configuration is simplified. Not only can it be used easily, but it can also be handled easily in actual use, and the risk of operational errors can be minimized.Furthermore, the metering pump and the furnace filtrate chamber can be reused without being thrown away, making it economical. Moreover, since it is not uneconomical even if the metering pump has high precision, the metering pump can be operated accurately as a high-precision metering pump. and the amount of replenishment fluid can be precisely controlled.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawing is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. 1...Blood circulation circuit, 2...Replenishment fluid injection line, 3..."furnace filtrate discharge line, 4...Hemofilter, 5...Blood introduction line, 6. ...Blood return line 7...Connector for connecting heparin line, 8...
...Blood pump t9...Arterial chamber, 10.
... Heparin infusion pump, 11 ... Heparin line, 12 ... Inspector Loring, 13 ... Laura, 1
4... Pressure gauge, 15... Venous chamber, 16.
...Air detector, 17...Servo valve, 18
...Pressure gauge 19...Chicken liquid□, 20...Leak detector, 21...〇Negative pressure pump, 22...Furnace filtrate chamber, 23...Drainage liquid metering pump, 24...Water removal metering pump, 25...', check valve 26, 27...
...Syringe, 28, 29... Piston ~ 30...
...Upper limit detector, 3...Lower limit detector t 32... Light source for projecting light, 33... Phototube, 34... Replenishment fluid supply source, 35... First infusion pump, 36... .

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A blood circulation circuit with a hemofilter inserted in the middle, a filtrate chamber connected to the drain port of the hemofilter to temporarily store the filtrate, and a drainage meter for discharging the filtrate stored in the filtrate chamber. a filtrate discharge line having a pump and a water removal metering pump; a replenisher metering chamber that receives replenisher from a replenisher supply source and temporarily stores a predetermined amount; and a first replenisher that supplies replenisher to the replenisher metering chamber. a replenishment fluid supplying means, a replenishment fluid injection line that communicates with the replenishment fluid metering chamber and supplies the replenishment fluid to the middle of the blood circulation circuit, and a second replenishment fluid supply means provided on the replenishment injection line, The drainage metering pump is interlocked with means for detecting predetermined upper and lower limits of the filtrate volume provided in the filtrate chamber, and when the filtrate volume of the filtrate chamber reaches the predetermined upper limit value. The metering pump starts draining operation and stops when the amount of filtrate in the filtrate chamber reaches a lower limit, and the second replenisher supply means is a metering pump that starts draining the filtrate and stops when the amount of filtrate in the filtrate chamber reaches a lower limit. The replenisher chamber is connected to a lower limit value detection means, which is a means for detecting an upper limit value and a lower limit value set to form a volume equal to the volume of the replenisher chamber. The supply of the replenisher to the blood circulation circuit is started and the supply is stopped when the amount of the replenisher in the replenisher chamber reaches the lower limit, and further, the first replenisher supply means is configured to supply the replenisher to the blood circulation circuit when the amount of the replenisher in the replenisher chamber reaches the lower limit. The replenisher is linked to the value detection means, and after the supply of the second replenisher supply means is stopped, the replenisher is again stored in the replenisher chamber until the upper limit value is reached before the drain metering pump is restarted. A body fluid filtration device characterized in that: