JPS6010176B2 - Cylinder head seal for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention comprises a rotating drum having a number of working chambers formed as axis-parallel cylinder holes at one end thereof, one of which is located at a single location in the cylinder head. The present invention relates to cylinder head seals for internal combustion engines associated with fixed combustion chambers.

This type of internal combustion engine is described in West German Patent Publication No. 17760.
No. 47, in which a drum is rotatably supported in a cylindrical fixed casing with a plurality of axis-parallel cylinder holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and serves as the cylinder head of the casing. One end surface of the drum is in sealed contact with the inner surface of the trim, and a piston rod of a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder hole is connected to the drum and pivoted to a rotating crank plate. The rattan line forms a certain angle with the axis of the drum, and an air inlet is provided in the cylinder head corresponding to one position along the locus of movement of the center axis of the cylinder hole (Figure 9). .

In other words, the internal combustion engine according to the present invention is an internal combustion engine having a structure similar to an axial piston pump. In machines of this type of construction there is a particular problem with the sealing of the rotating cylinder bore against the stationary cylinder head. Since the known but usual cylinder head seals cannot be applied in machines of this type due to their different construction, new seals had to be developed. The sealing member disposed on the end face side of the drum is arranged at a certain pitch on the pitch circle on the end face side of the drum, and the individual cylinder holes, which are relatively small in diameter and receive pressure alternately and sequentially, are attached to a fixed cylinder head. The problem is to seal against the This cylinder head has a single combustion chamber and engine air supply and exhaust ports. Furthermore, it is necessary that the individual cylinder bores, which at the same time form the working chamber of the engine, are sealed from one another. In this case, when one of the two adjacent cylinder bores, i.e. the leading cylinder bore, is in a state where the trailing cylinder bore is partially adapted to the inlet into the combustion chamber, the other cylinder bore, i.e. the trailing cylinder The sealing part must be formed in such a way that the pressure build-up in the cylinder bore is not impaired by the fitting of the preceding cylinder bore with said one cylinder bore. The above problem was solved by the present invention as follows.

That is, for each cylinder bore two radially spaced grooves or recesses surrounding the cylinder bore are provided in the end face of the drum, each for accommodating one seal ring. The notch of the outer sealing ring for the hole is to be joined to the notch, and in the range between two points where the outer edges of two adjacent outer sealing rings cross each other in the radial direction of the drum, and in the circumferential direction of the drum. The solution is to limit the size of the inlet of the combustion chamber to the range between two adjacent cylinder holes, that is, between adjacent greens of two cylinder holes or adjacent inner edges of inner seal rings. That is, when one of the adjacent cylinder holes is in a state where it partially fits into the inflow port, the other cylinder hole is blocked from the inflow port by at least the inner seal ring, and the inflow port is in a state where it is partially connected to the inflow port. In the range of , the outside is isolated by the outer seal ring, so
Leakage between the cylinders and the holes and leakage to the outside from the inlet are prevented, and damage to the pressure build-up in each cylinder hole is avoided. two concentric sealing rings for each cylinder bore and each adjacent sealing ring for sealing the intermediate region formed between the two sets of concentric sealing rings for adjacent cylinder bores; The crossover provides an ideal seal with a large sealing surface and also makes it possible to adapt to the constantly changing temperatures of this type of mechanical structure mentioned in the introduction. At this time, there is an annular band on the end face of the drum that the closed part of the inlet leading to the fixed combustion chamber rubs against when the drum rotates. passes through a central region, which is the area between the two intersection points of the outer edges of said outer sealing ring, so that it is always sealed to the outside by the outer sealing ring. This further avoids leakage losses. Advantageously At least the outer sealing ring has a slit in the shape of a piston ring, which slit is arranged in the area of the cutout.

Another advantageous feature of the invention resides in that the outer sealing ring is arranged eccentrically with respect to the associated cylinder bore.

In this example, cuts in the adjacent outer sealing ring can be formed for regular interruptions of this ring. Advantageously, at least the inner sealing ring rests on a spring that acts against the cylinder head lid in the vertical direction. This spring can be designed as a disk spring, for example. Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that each inner sealing ring has at least one outer ring groove for receiving a piston ring, which sits in a coaxial recess with respect to the cylinder bore. It is in. Advantageously, the inner sealing part consists of two axially offset sealing rings, of which the lower sealing ring is a piston ring with a slit and the upper sealing ring is a wear-resistant ring without a slit. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 shows part of the drum of an internal combustion engine, which has a rotating working chamber and has a structure similar to an axial piston pump.

The drum 1' is attached to a rotating shaft 2, and has a large number of axis-parallel cylinder holes 4 arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction about a dividing circle (so-called pitch circle) 3, and a piston 5 is inserted into the cylinder hole. is being guided. The cylinder bore is surrounded by a hollow chamber 6, which serves for cooling the combustion chamber. The cylinder hole 4 opens in the end face 7 of the drum 1 and has an inner seal ring 8 and an outer seal ring 9.

The inner sealing ring 8 is coaxially inserted into the cylinder bore 4 through a suitable recess 28' and ends flush with the end face 7 of the drum, facing the sealing surface 32 of the cylinder head 29 which is fixed in position. The cylinder bore 4 passes through two holes in the cylinder head 29 during relative rotation to the cylinder head 29, one of which extends into a single combustion chamber 30. The outer sealing ring 9 has an essentially larger diameter than the inner sealing ring 8 and is located on the end face 7 of the drum 1. It is inserted into a groove 11 arranged coaxially with respect to the cylinder bore 41. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the outer sealing ring 9 is slit at position 12.

Seal rings 8 and 9 are made of conventional piston ring material. Further, as shown in FIG.
are arranged so as to intersect with each other, therefore, the piston ring is provided with one arc-shaped notch 13 on each side of the slit 12, and the piston rings adjacent to the notches are joined. ing. The annular belt, which is a region between two points where the outer edges of adjacent outer seal rings 9 intersect with each other, and passes sequentially through the central region where the outer seal rings apparently overlap each other, passes through a position close to the center of each cylinder hole, The opening of the inlet 31 is located within the annular zone.

This annular band is always sealed to the outside by an external sealing ring 9. The provision of the slit 12 in the outer sealing ring 9 allows the sealing ring to carry out the necessary expansion under the action of heat without geometrically forcing deformations. Since the adjacent seal rings are in contact with each other on both sides of the slit, the effect is obtained that the sealing between the two adjacent seal rings is not interrupted despite the presence of the slit 12. FIG. 3 shows a modified embodiment.

Here, the outer sealing ring 14 is arranged eccentrically with respect to the inner sealing ring, which is arranged coaxially with respect to the cylinder bore 4, so that the outer sealing ring has an interruption 15 as a significant cut. By this measure, the width of the central region, ie the band width of the annular zone, is very wide and at the same time the reliability of the seal is increased. By arranging the outer seal ring eccentrically with respect to L, that is, with respect to the cylinder hole, there is an effect that the area of the intersecting portion of both adjacent seal rings is increased. At the same time, large outer sealing rings can also be used. The advantage is that the central area between the inner and outer rings is increased, resulting in lower thermal stresses. The outer sealing ring 9 or 14 can be inserted by means of a pressure spring or into a pressure spring socket groove 11.

Figures 4 to 8 show various embodiments of an inner sealing ring, the inner ring being advantageously placed under the action of a spring compressing outwardly in the direction of the ball. Figure 4 or 4a
The illustrated embodiment shows two sealing rings 10, 10' placed one above the other, of which only the lower sealing ring is designed as a slotted piston ring. . The seal ring has a ring step 16 on the outside, and a coil spring 1 is attached to the yield ring step.
7 is engaged, and the coil spring is supported by the protrusion 18 of the drum 1 in the vertical direction. The upper sealing ring 10' is not slitted therein. 5 and 6 show the inner sealing rings, each of which is formed as a one-piece ring and inserted into the same recess of the cylinder bore 4. This sealing ring 19, 20 is an additional It has piston rings 21, 22, which take on one additional side seal.The sealing ring 19 is additionally supported by a disc spring 23, which is connected to the sealing ring 19 and the cylinder bore 4. FIG. 7 shows an inner sealing ring 8 with a disc spring 25 instead of the coil spring 17 shown in FIG. 8 shows an inner seal ring 26, the outer cylindrical surface 27 of which flares outward with respect to the opening □ of the cylinder bore 4. FIG.

An elastic force suitable for the seal ring tends to press the seal ring outwardly against the cylinder head. If desired, the sealing ring 26 can also be provided with a compression spring. A notch is provided in the outer seal ring, and adjacent outer seal rings are joined to the notch to form a central area where both outer seal rings overlap. Since it comes into contact with the entrance, the opening can be completely sealed to the outside, reducing leakage loss.

Furthermore, even during thermal expansion, the contact between both outer seal rings is reliably maintained, so that the sealing effect can be maintained as is. The embodiments of the present invention are as follows.

(1) The cylinder head seal according to the claims, characterized in that at least the outer seal rings 9, 14 are formed with a slit in the shape of a piston ring, and the slit 12 is arranged in the range of the notch 13.

[2- The cylinder head seal according to the claims, characterized in that the outer seal ring 14 is arranged eccentrically with respect to the cylinder bore 4 to which it is attached.

'3} At least inner seal ring 8, IQ, 19,
20, 26 are seated on the counters 17, 23, 25 which act outwardly towards the cylinder head lid. cylinder head seal.

(4) The cylinder head seal according to item 3, wherein the springs 23 and 25 are formed as disc springs.

'5} Each inner seal ring 19, 20 has at least one
Claims and claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it has two outer ring grooves for receiving the piston ring 21, which sits in a recess 28 of the same shape in the cylinder bore 4. cylinder head seal.

'6' The inner seal consists of two seal rings IQ and 10' arranged one above the other in the axial direction, of which the lower seal ring 0 serves as a piston ring with a slit and the upper seal ring 10' has a slit. 4. The cylinder head seal according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder head seal is made of a wear-resistant material as a solid ring.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial vertical sectional view passing through the combustion chamber and the working chamber of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of a drum of the internal combustion engine according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an internal combustion engine according to the present invention. FIGS. 4 to 8 are partial enlarged vertical cross-sectional views of various embodiments of the inner seal ring, and FIG. 9 is a partial plan view of another embodiment of the drum according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a known configuration. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Drum, 2... Shaft, 4... Cylinder hole, 7... Drum end surface, 8, 9, Wing Q, 14, 19, 20, 26... Seal ring, 13, 15... Notch part. Fig. Gu Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Disgusting Fig. 4 *4 G Fig. Fin 5 Fig. Blind 5 G Fig. 6 Fig. 68 Koji Fig. 7 Traditional square Fig. 8 Book 9 Wisteria

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. It has a cylinder head fixed in position, a number of working chambers formed as cylinder holes parallel to the axis at one end of a rotary drum that is rotatably supported, and a piston that reciprocates within the working chambers. In a cylinder head seal for an internal combustion engine, one of which is associated with only one combustion chamber of fixed position present in the cylinder head, a radius of each cylinder hole is defined in the drum end face 7. Two grooves or recesses 28, 11 surrounding one sealing ring (
8, 9, 10, 14, 19, 20, 26) and that each outer seal ring 9, 14 has a notch 1 in one adjacent outer seal ring.
3, 15 and that the inlet 31 of the combustion chamber is radially adjacent to two outer seal rings 9, 14.
The cylinder head seal is located between two points where the outer edges of the cylinder head intersect with each other and within the distance between the edges of two adjacent cylinder holes in the circumferential direction.