JPS5997505A - Method for reducing nitrogen dioxide - Google Patents
Method for reducing nitrogen dioxideInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5997505A JPS5997505A JP57207905A JP20790582A JPS5997505A JP S5997505 A JPS5997505 A JP S5997505A JP 57207905 A JP57207905 A JP 57207905A JP 20790582 A JP20790582 A JP 20790582A JP S5997505 A JPS5997505 A JP S5997505A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- organosilicon polymer
- contg
- org
- nitrogen dioxide
- reducing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229920001558 organosilicon polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003257 polycarbosilane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業−にの利用分野
本発明はＮＯ２の還元が必要とされる各種分野（例えば
、ＮＯｘ分析計のＮＯ２Ｏ２コンハル或いはＮＯ２の排
気処理が要望される、室内排気型の燃焼器具など）に於
いて、広く利用することが可能である。Detailed Description of the Invention Fields of Application The present invention is applicable to various fields where reduction of NO2 is required (for example, NO2O2 conhar of NOx analyzer or indoor exhaust type combustion where NO2 exhaust treatment is required). It can be widely used in equipment, etc.).
従来例の構成とその問題点
従来、この種の目的に対しては、Ｎｉ、Ｃ等の元素自体
を粒状にして充填したり、或いは、球状等に成型した活
性アルミナ等の担体」二に、上記の様な金属を担持して
用いたり、更には時としてＮＯ２還元触媒能を有する金
属金網を対象のＮＯ２を含む気体と接触させて用いたり
していた。Structures of conventional examples and their problems Traditionally, for this type of purpose, elements such as Ni and C were packed in granular form, or carriers such as activated alumina formed into spherical shapes were used. Metals such as those mentioned above have been supported, and metal wire mesh having NO2 reduction catalytic ability has been used in some cases in contact with the target NO2-containing gas.
前者の様な充填物の場合には、ある程度のＮＯ２還元能
は期待されるが、圧力損失が高く、燃焼器具等への適用
が困難であり、後者の金網タイプの場合は、圧力損失は
良好であるが、ＮＯ２還元能力が不足していた。In the case of the former type of filling, a certain degree of NO2 reduction ability is expected, but the pressure loss is high and it is difficult to apply it to combustion appliances, etc. In the case of the latter type of wire mesh type, the pressure loss is good. However, the NO2 reduction ability was insufficient.
更に、致命的な欠点は（酸素が共存する条件下で、使用
する用途が大部分であるが）全屈表面が酸化し、金１萬
酸化物へと変化することで、還元能力が徐４に減少し、
触媒が極めてｉ′１１期間で劣化してし寸うため、頻繁
に、触媒体を交倹してやらねばならないという点であっ
た。Furthermore, a fatal drawback is that the total surface oxidizes (mostly used under conditions where oxygen coexists) and changes to gold 10,000 oxide, which gradually reduces the reducing ability. decreased to
The problem was that the catalyst had to be replaced frequently since it was very likely to deteriorate in the i'11 period.
発明の目的
本発明の目的は、この様な従来の欠点を解消して、ＮＯ
２の還元能ノブが高く、圧力損失が少なく、しかも、酸
素共存丁でも、非常に劣化が少ないＮＯ２還元方法を極
めて、安価に提供することにある。Purpose of the Invention The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate such conventional drawbacks and to provide NO.
To provide an extremely inexpensive method for reducing NO2, which has a high reducing power knob, has low pressure loss, and has very little deterioration even when oxygen coexists.
発明の構成
本発明で用いる触媒体は、ポリボロシロギザン所の有機
ケイ素重合体を主成分とする塗料中にＦｅ。Structure of the Invention The catalyst used in the present invention contains Fe in a paint whose main component is an organosilicon polymer such as polyborosilogysan.
Ｎｉ 、Ｃｏ、Ｂ、Ｐ、Ｓｉ、 Ｃの群から選択し／ζ
１種以上の元素もしくは、合金を分散させ、これを全屈
上に伏在焼成して、形成した触媒体を用いる（、イコ機
ケイ素知合体は、セミ無機ポリマーとして極めて扱い易
く、焼成すると徐々に有機性を失なってセラミック化す
る。この過程で有機物骨格が失なわれていくため、有機
物の部分が空隙として後にｌＡ２す、都合の良い多孔質
な反応の場を形成する０
この有機質の分解反応が徐々に進行するため、被覆系自
体か還元作用を有することになる。Select from the group of Ni, Co, B, P, Si, C/ζ
A catalyst body is formed by dispersing one or more elements or alloys, and then firing the mixture completely over the surface. It loses its organic properties and becomes a ceramic.During this process, the organic skeleton is lost, so the organic parts become voids and later form a convenient porous reaction site. Since the decomposition reaction proceeds gradually, the coating system itself has a reducing effect.
図に本発明の概念図を示す。図面Ｑておいて、１が金Ｆ
Ａ基材、２が有機ケイ素重合体が分解して抜けた空隙、
３が有機ケイ素重合体の分解残渣、４がＦｅ 、Ｎｉ
、Ｇｏ 、Ｂ 、Ｐ 、Ｓｉ 、Ｃｔ７）群から選択ｆ
、７’ｃｌＴｆＵ上の元素もしくは合金から成る触媒活
性物質を示す。二酸化窒素含有気体を当触媒体と接触さ
せると、第１図のＡで示す様に二酸化窒素は被覆体中を
拡散して、触媒活性物質表面上でＢの様（こして還元さ
れる。The figure shows a conceptual diagram of the present invention. Take drawing Q, 1 is gold F
A base material, 2 is a void formed by the decomposition of the organosilicon polymer,
3 is the decomposition residue of organosilicon polymer, 4 is Fe, Ni
, Go , B , P , Si , Ct7)
, indicates a catalytically active material consisting of an element or alloy on 7'clTfU. When a nitrogen dioxide-containing gas is brought into contact with the catalyst, the nitrogen dioxide diffuses through the coating as shown by A in FIG. 1, and is reduced on the surface of the catalytically active material as shown by B.
０２ およびＮＯ２による触媒活性物質の劣化は、有機
ケイ素重合体のゆっくりとしだ分解によって防止される
。Degradation of the catalytically active material by O2 and NO2 is prevented by the slow decomposition of the organosilicon polymer.
イ」機ケイ素重合体としては、ジメチルジシクロシラン
を出発原斜とするポリカルボシランの系列、更には、ポ
リボロシロキサンの系列などが適用可能である。ポリボ
ロシロキサン樹脂を主成分とする樹脂系の方が塗装作業
性の面でも、被覆物物性の点からも望ましい。As the organic silicon polymer, a series of polycarbosilanes starting from dimethyldicyclosilane, a series of polyborosiloxanes, etc. can be used. A resin system containing polyborosiloxane resin as a main component is more desirable from the viewpoint of coating workability and the physical properties of the coated product.
実施例の説明
（実施例１）
有機ケイ素重合体を主成分とする塗わとして、ポリボロ
シロキサン樹脂を主成分とする昭和電線電纜株式会社の
「無機ポリマー塗料」を用い／ζ。Description of Examples (Example 1) As the coating layer whose main component is an organosilicon polymer, an "inorganic polymer paint" manufactured by Showa Electric Wire Co., Ltd. whose main component is a polyborosiloxane resin is used.
触媒活性物質として武田薬品工業株式会社の粉末を古イ
イ１三体「白鷺Ａ」を２０ｗｔ係、前記塗料中に混合分
散させて、亜鉛メブキ処理を施したラス網上に約１２０
．ｃｚｍの膜厚＆Ｕで塗装し、１００℃で２０分、史に
３５００で３０分焼成した。As a catalytic active material, 20 wt of Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.'s powder was mixed and dispersed in the above paint, and about 120 wt.
．． It was coated with a film thickness of czm and baked at 100°C for 20 minutes and at 3500°C for 30 minutes.
（実施例２）
有（幾ケイ素重合体として、前述の塗装１を用い、触媒
活性物質としてＦｅ 、Ｎｉ 、 Ｆｅ−Ｇｏ （７）
２００〜６００Ａの粒径の全屈超微粉を用いて、各５
０ｗｔ％。(Example 2) Yes (the above-described coating 1 was used as the silicon polymer, and Fe, Ni, Fe-Go (7) was used as the catalytically active material)
Each 5
0wt%.
塗Ｅｌ中に分散をせ、ノテンＬ／ ：Ａ （ＳＵＳ ３
０４ ）金網上に約９０μｍ の＋＋ｂｑ厚にて塗装置
、、１００°Ｃで２０分、史に３５０ ’（：で３０分
焼成し／ζ。Disperse in coating El, Noten L/ :A (SUS 3
04) Apply the coating to a thickness of about 90 μm on a wire mesh, bake at 100°C for 20 minutes, and bake at 350°C for 30 minutes.
（実施例３）
前記同様の塗料を用い、触媒活性物質として、Ｎｉ （
８ｏ’）−Ｐ （２０）アモル７７ ）、合金粉末を約
１０ｗｔ％分散させ、実施例２と同様にして、触媒体を
調整し／と。(Example 3) Using the same paint as above, Ni (
8o')-P (20)Amol77), alloy powder was dispersed in an amount of about 10 wt%, and a catalyst body was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2.
触媒の評価は、以下の様（（シて行なった。即ち固定床
流通型反応試験装置を用いて、１ｐｐ”＋および１１０
０ｐｐのＮＯ２を含有する空気を空間速度２０カ（−ｎ
″）＆こて２５０℃の温度条（／ｌ’ −Ｆで連続
通気して触媒体のど舌性を評価した。評（ｄｆｌ結果を
表１に示す。The evaluation of the catalyst was carried out as follows (i.e., using a fixed bed flow-through reaction test apparatus,
Air containing 0pp of NO2 is moved at a space velocity of 20mm (-n
The throat properties of the catalyst were evaluated by continuously aerating at 250° C. (/l' -F) using a trowel.The results are shown in Table 1.
条件１ ： ｌｐｐｍ ２５０゛０条件２ ：
１１００ｐｐ ２５０℃条件３ ： １１００ｐｐ ５
００’ＩＣ表１に示す様に、本発明の方法は極めて有効
な１９０２還元能〕Ｊを示す。尚、ＮＯｘ分析は、化学
発光式を用いており、これ等の一連の実験ではＮ０２（
は、ＮＯへと還元されている。Condition 1: lppm 250゛0 Condition 2:
1100pp 250℃ condition 3: 1100pp 5
As shown in Table 1, the method of the present invention exhibits a very effective 1902 reduction ability. Note that NOx analysis uses a chemiluminescence method, and in this series of experiments, NOx (
is reduced to NO.
尚、表１の従来技術の活性炭ＳＴ、１Ｓ３１６ の場合
には、６ｏ〜ａｏｍｅｓｈの粒度の微粒を用いている。In the case of the prior art activated carbon ST, 1S316 in Table 1, fine particles with a particle size of 6o to aomesh are used.
次に、触媒体の耐久性を評価するため、１％の１（０２
を含む空気を５００℃にて、５００時間連続通気した後
、表１の条件２及び条件３の試験を５ＵＳ３１６ （従
来）、実施例（２）−３［Ｆｅ−Ｇｏ］ ｃｒ）場合
で比較実施した。この結果、
（条件２）（条件３）
（＋）ＳＯ８３１６（従来） ＝°°°・ ０％、１
６％（１１）実施例（２）−３［Ｆｅ−ｃｏ］ ＝−・
−８２％ 、 ９２％
の結果を得た。これは、０２．ＮＯ２により、触媒が酸
化劣化することに対して、本発明の場合には、イｊ機ケ
イ素屯合体が還元作用をもつため、劣化を１≦１月にす
る機能を示しているためであろうと推定さバる。Next, in order to evaluate the durability of the catalyst, 1% of 1(02
After continuous ventilation of air containing 500°C for 500 hours, the tests under conditions 2 and 3 in Table 1 were compared between 5US316 (conventional) and Example (2)-3 [Fe-Go] cr). did. As a result, (Condition 2) (Condition 3) (+) SO8316 (Conventional) =°°°・0%, 1
6% (11) Example (2)-3 [Fe-co] =-
-82% and 92% results were obtained. This is 02. This is probably because, in the case of the present invention, the catalyst is oxidized and deteriorated due to NO2, and since the organic silicon agglomerate has a reducing effect, it exhibits a function of reducing the deterioration to 1≦1 month. It is estimated.
発明の効果
以１−の実施例に示した様に、本発明の方法は、（１α
す（′）で活性の高い、Ｎｏ ２５”＠元能力が得られ
、しかも酸化に封する安定性が良好である。しかも、被
覆は、塗料化して任意の形状の金属体上へも適用可能で
あり、金網、ラス網等を用いれば極めて圧力損失の少な
い触媒体が形成される。Effects of the Invention As shown in Example 1- below, the method of the present invention provides (1α
Highly active, No. 25" @ original ability can be obtained with ('), and it has good stability against oxidation. Moreover, the coating can be made into a paint and applied to metal objects of any shape. Therefore, if a wire mesh, a lath mesh, etc. are used, a catalyst body with extremely low pressure loss can be formed.
触媒体の製造方法は、簡単なプロセスから成っているた
め大量生産に向いており、安価にこれを提供できる。The method for producing the catalyst body is a simple process, so it is suitable for mass production and can be provided at low cost.
また、有機ケイ素重合体は、徐々に加熱分解して、炭化
汀イ素へと変化していくが、多くの金属基材との密着性
も良好であり、その耐熱性も高い。In addition, organosilicon polymers gradually decompose under heat and change into silicon carbide, which has good adhesion to many metal substrates and high heat resistance.
また、触媒活性物質の性質から、二酸化窒素含有気体の
ガス流の中に、ＧＯ，ＨＣ，Ｎ２ 、 ＮＨ５等の還元
剤を含有しておれば、Ｎｏ までの還元にとどまらず、
Ｎ２０．更にはＮ２ への還元も当然可能である。また
、温度に関してｄ］、Ｎｏ−Ｎｏ２の平衡は、高温側で
Ｎｏが安定となり、この影響で、Ｎ０２からＮｏ への
還元は、高温側が当然有利であるが、低濃度のＮｏ２を
対象とする場合には、還元さｆｌ−たＮｏの１？０２−
、の再酸化を少なくする観点からは、空気希釈して１ｑ
０２を低濃とて、再酸化の可能性を少なくして、低温で
１（０２還元を実施する方法が、燃焼器等への適用に関
しては好適である。Furthermore, due to the nature of the catalytically active substance, if a reducing agent such as GO, HC, N2, NH5, etc. is contained in the gas flow of nitrogen dioxide-containing gas, the reduction is not limited to No.
N20. Naturally, reduction to N2 is also possible. In addition, regarding temperature [d], the No-No2 equilibrium is such that No becomes stable on the high temperature side, and due to this influence, the reduction of N02 to No is naturally advantageous on the high temperature side, but the target is low concentration No2. In the case, the reduced fl- was No. 1?02-
From the point of view of reducing reoxidation of
A method in which 02 is reduced in concentration to reduce the possibility of reoxidation and 1(02 reduction is carried out at low temperature) is suitable for application to combustors and the like.
図面は本発明の概念図である。
１°・・・・・金属、２・・パ有機ケイ素重合体の空隙
。
３ ゛＝−°有機ケイ素重合体の分解残渣、４・・・・
・・Ｆｅ。
Ｎｉ、 Ｇｏ、 Ｂ、 Ｐ、 Ｚｒ、 Ｓｉ、 Ｇの群
から選択した１種以上の元素もしくは合金。The drawings are conceptual diagrams of the present invention. 1°...metal, 2...porosity in organosilicon polymer. 3゛=-°decomposition residue of organosilicon polymer, 4...
...Fe. One or more elements or alloys selected from the group of Ni, Go, B, P, Zr, Si, and G.
Claims (2)
の５から選択し／ζ１種以上の元素、もしくは、合金お
よび有機ゲイ素重合体を含む被覆を形成した金属被覆体
を、二酸化窒素を含むガス流に接触させることを特徴と
する二酸化窒素の還元方法。(1) Fe, Ni, Go, B, P, Zr, Si, C
Reduction of nitrogen dioxide, characterized by contacting a metal coated body selected from 5 of 5/ζ with a coating containing one or more elements or alloys and an organic silicon polymer in contact with a gas stream containing nitrogen dioxide. Method.
サン樹脂を用いた特許請求の範囲 第１項記載の二酸化
窒素の還元方法。(2) The method for reducing nitrogen dioxide according to claim 1, wherein a polyborosiloxane resin is used as the 8A silicon polymer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57207905A JPS5997505A (en) | 1982-11-27 | 1982-11-27 | Method for reducing nitrogen dioxide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57207905A JPS5997505A (en) | 1982-11-27 | 1982-11-27 | Method for reducing nitrogen dioxide |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5997505A true JPS5997505A (en) | 1984-06-05 |
Family
ID=16547511
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57207905A Pending JPS5997505A (en) | 1982-11-27 | 1982-11-27 | Method for reducing nitrogen dioxide |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5997505A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61209046A (en) * | 1984-12-22 | 1986-09-17 | Riken Corp | Amorphous metal powder catalyst for low temperature reaction of nitrogen oxide |
| WO1990004449A1 (en) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-05-03 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Process for the removal of acid forming gases from exhaust gases |
| WO1994007964A2 (en) * | 1992-10-01 | 1994-04-14 | Wacker-Chemie Gmbh | Silicon as a pigment in coatings |
| JP2013123698A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-24 | Jgc Catalysts & Chemicals Ltd | Porous silica oligomer coated particle, supported catalyst, and method for producing the same |
| JP2013123697A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-24 | Jgc Catalysts & Chemicals Ltd | Porous silazane coated particle, supported catalyst, and method for producing the same |
-
1982
- 1982-11-27 JP JP57207905A patent/JPS5997505A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61209046A (en) * | 1984-12-22 | 1986-09-17 | Riken Corp | Amorphous metal powder catalyst for low temperature reaction of nitrogen oxide |
| WO1990004449A1 (en) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-05-03 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Process for the removal of acid forming gases from exhaust gases |
| US5106601A (en) * | 1988-10-24 | 1992-04-21 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Process for the removal of acid forming gases from exhaust gases and production of phosphoric acid |
| US5164167A (en) * | 1988-10-24 | 1992-11-17 | Regents Of The University Of California | Process for the removal of acid forming gases from exhaust gases |
| WO1994007964A2 (en) * | 1992-10-01 | 1994-04-14 | Wacker-Chemie Gmbh | Silicon as a pigment in coatings |
| WO1994007964A3 (en) * | 1992-10-01 | 1994-06-23 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Silicon as a pigment in coatings |
| JP2013123698A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-24 | Jgc Catalysts & Chemicals Ltd | Porous silica oligomer coated particle, supported catalyst, and method for producing the same |
| JP2013123697A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-24 | Jgc Catalysts & Chemicals Ltd | Porous silazane coated particle, supported catalyst, and method for producing the same |
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