JPS599504A - Device for measuring transverse section of cavity executed material and measuring method in the device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The above invention provides an apparatus for measuring the cross section of a cavity construction object according to the concept of the independent claim (1);
and a measuring method of the above device according to the concept of independent claim (7).

For example, in hollow construction works such as tunnels, pits, and conductors, it can be used to test whether construction has been carried out according to the FF plan, to prove that deformation has occurred, as basic material for Seiki, and for forward opening inspection. , the cross section is 1t8111
be done. To do this, four distances in the radial direction from a point on the vertical center plane of the cavity construction to a point on the cross section of the cavity construction are measured.

Equipment numbers for such types of distance measurements are listed, for example, in the CH-A 300. It has one set of prisms fixed on the measurement rail and a second set of prisms held for vertical movement. A telescope observes the images of a fixed set of prisms, and a second prism is moved on the metrology rail until two coincident images are obtained. You can read the distance on the measuring rail.

Technological advances have changed this basic idea, e.g.
As shown in the catalog of A-Lost's tunnel cross-section h1 measuring instrument "Prota", it has been improved. According to this catalog,
The distance to be measured is defined by a right triangle with the same angle and varying base line, the sides of which are formed by the laser beam.

Furthermore, if the cross section of the J plane can be uniformly measured, the measurement must be possible automatically.

It is also stated in the catalog that automation is practically not possible with this device, which has a constant angle and variable base. This is because the measurement indicator is not very accurate in practice with respect to the required length of the base and is easily confused.

Therefore, it is possible to measure distances up to at least 15 m and the measurements are carried out automatically, in which case the measurement results can be processed by a computer and the measured cross section can be plotted on the computer screen in order to measure the cross section. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a device.

According to the invention, this is defined in independent claim no.
It can be achieved according to the characteristics of the section. The method of measuring at the start of an automatic measurement in a device according to the invention is indicated by the features of independent patent claim (7).

Next, an example of this device will be described.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of a tunnel in which a device according to the invention connected to a computer is placed, FIG. 2 a schematic diagram of the device according to the invention, based on FIGS. Figure 2 shows a block diagram for automatic measurement of the device.

The tunnel of FIG. 1 is a typical cavity in geological formations 2, such as rocks. In the central vertical plane 3 the measuring device 4 is placed on a rigid leg 5, for example a tripod, and the secondary beam 4
Its length d can be measured by 0.41.

■The photometric line 40.41G contains the angle α that can be determined for the contact ray.

Via a conductor 43, the measuring device 4 is connected to a step setter 44, which acts as a computer, which on the one hand issues control commands to the measuring device 4 and on the other hand receives measured values from the measuring device. The measured values are processed by a combination coater and sent to a calculator 45, which has a computer screen section.
It is further sent to the printer 46.

The three devices 4/I, 45 and 46 are already known in computer technology. This allows the program to be applied to the computer 45 and stored there. ] The measurement value of the measuring device can be continuously compared with the reference value of 4 strokes by the monitor screen section, and errors can be confirmed and corrected. Furthermore, the measurement results are illustrated, so that there is no need for subsequent manual illustrations based on the measurement results.

FIG. 2 shows the basic year of the device according to the invention.

The measuring device 4 consists of a tube 50 which is closed at one end and in the vicinity of which a plane mirror 51 is rotatably arranged. At the other end of the tube 50 a light source 53, for example a halogen lamp, and a concentrator with a beam converging device 54 for generating a bundle of light beams are arranged. Distance l from mirror 51 toward the light source! A light beam receiver 55 is arranged at the 1td position.

The tube 50 has an opening 56 in the area of the mirror 51 .

The method of operating this device will be described below.

The converged light ray 57 is reflected by the mirror 51 and passes through the aperture 56 to the outside as a contact ray 58. wall 59
The contact beam 58 is then reflected and returns in the direction of the measuring device 4 as a reflected beam 60. Due to the action of the mirror 51, the reflected ray 60 is searched by the receiver as long as the reflected ray lies in the plane of the triangle with the sides 57, 58, 60. The angle α can only be determined by the position of the mirror 51. The distance #1 between the surface 59 and the light receiver 55 is calculated by simple calculation.

Conveniently, for automatic control of the mirror 51 for changing the angle α, for example, when one photomultiplier tube receives the light, the current flows in the positive direction, and the other photomultiplier tube receives the light. It is also possible to provide a photoreceiver with two photomultiplier tubes in the form of fort diodes of known embodiments, which act on electrical depolarization so that the current flows in the opposite direction and in the negative direction. For difference amplification, both currents can be connected together. If a temporal difference occurs between the two maximum values, then the course of the total current follows the discriminator curve. The zero crossing is then a suitable point for determining the angle α very accurately and unambiguously.

A large number of solutions are known in the art for determining the angle α. For example, a step motor can be arranged as a drive for mirror positioning, or a step connection impulse can be produced in such a way that the number of steps corresponds to a certain angle.

FIG. 3 shows the automation of the above-mentioned measuring device 4 in which a first moving cuff 0 for rotating the mirror 51 and a second moving cuff 1 for rotating the measuring device 4 around the optical axis of the light emitter are provided. FIG. Furthermore, according to FIG. And the step setter 44 is divided into a measurement command section 448 and a measurement reception section 44b for more clarity. Also shown is a printer 715 with a computer screen and a printer 46.

A command from the computer 45 for controlling the state of the measurement plane in the moving cuff 1 and controlling the state of the mirror in the moving cuff 0 is transmitted through the conductor 43 by the measurement command section 44a. The photomultiplier tube signal from the photoreceiver 55 passes through the conductor 43,
Also, from the motive cuff 0, the input A is set at an angle α each time.
Similarly, the signal is applied to the measurement receiver 44b through the conductor 43. There it is processed and sent to the n1 computer 45 for operation on the inf4 machine GJit computer 45. In the calculation Ia/I5, the error with respect to the cross section and i1 is determined according to the applied program. The combination screen section is provided with the respective desired display, as is known in the computer art. As a convenience, a schematic cross-sectional view can be displayed. This makes it possible to record the measured cross-sections on the printer at the same time.

In contrast to the first-mentioned equipment with Rege light, the device according to the invention uses white light. Of course, in that case the convergence is not very good. However, expensive and heavy Rayner emitters do not have to be transported to the measurement site or operated. A less strong convergence of the light beam, however, can be eliminated, for example, by differential generation of two photomultiplier tubes.

Practically accurate measurements can be carried out using fairly cheap and simple equipment, and in addition, it is possible to automate the measurements.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel in which a device according to the invention is placed connected to a computer; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the device according to the invention; and FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram for objective measurement. =11- Patent Applicant Inge Niorbleau, Amber Gage 12-

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A light transmitter for emitting a converged light beam as an optical axis, a mirror for changing the direction of the light beam as a contact light beam, and a A device with a light receiver for searching for reflected light rays reflected at a point on a cavity construction wall in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, in which the light receiver and the mirror are arranged at a fixed location and have a spacer as a measuring base. and that the mirror is arranged so that it can pivot through the mirror surface at the point of intersection with the optical axis in relation to the angle α contained between the optical axis and the contact ray reflected by the mirror, An apparatus for measuring a cross section of a cavity construction object, characterized in that a distance 11td in the radial direction between points on the cavity wall surface where the reflected light beam is searched by the light receiving part is calculated by the formula d=b-tamα. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mirror is arranged so as to be able to pivot in a plane intersecting the optical axis, and the optical axis of the receiver also lies in this plane. (3) The device according to claim (1), characterized in that white light is used as a light source of the light transmitter. (4) The device according to claim (2), wherein the mirror and the light receiver are arranged so as to be rotatable about the optical axis of the light transmitter. (5) The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that it has a power for changing the angle α of the mirror and a power for the same rotation of the receiver and the mirror. (6) The photoreceivers are arranged one on the other in a plane determined by the optical axes of the sender and the receiver, and - the combined fort current is passed through an amplifier for the formation of a distinct position signal. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it has two depolarizing photomultiplier tubes connected together. (7) After positioning the device so that the optical axis is perpendicular to the cross section, place the receiver and mirror at the starting position of one point on the cross section near the corner point between the bottom and the following side wall. rotate,
Then, by continuously rotating the mirror and setting the angle α to twice the rotation angle of the mirror, the beam of light emits a specific signal to the receiver. A measuring method using the apparatus according to claim 1 (+>), characterized in that the same measurement is repeated at different rotational positions of the light receiver and the mirror. Claim 6, characterized in that the device is gradually pivoted step by step from one corner point to the other corner point between the bottom and the side wall, and a measurement is taken at each pivot point. (9) The method according to claim (7), characterized in that the measured value regarding the optical axis of the light transmitter is converted into the measurement axis of the cavity construction object by R1 calculation. (10) The method according to claim 7, characterized in that each measurement result of a cross section in each case is displayed by a combicoater screen and printed out on a printer after the measurement of the current cross section has been completed. (11) Claim (7), characterized in that the stepwise rotation is at least an angle of 1°.
Section method.