JPS5985061A - Heat insulating and waterproof construction of roof in concrete building - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a roof insulation and waterproofing method for concrete buildings.

In Japan, the temperature changes drastically between summer and winter, and especially on rooftops that receive solar radiation, temperature changes of more than 100 degrees can occur throughout summer and winter. For this reason, cracks are less likely to occur in concrete buildings due to expansion and contraction of the building blocks. Considering the above, external insulation methods are superior to internal insulation methods as a rooftop insulation method for concrete buildings. It is thought that it is also effective in preventing dew condensation.

Conventionally, external insulation methods include the so-called "upside-down method," in which a waterproof layer is placed on the outside of the concrete roof surface, a heat insulating layer is placed on the outside of that layer, and a protective layer is placed on the outside of that. A method using the "traditional construction method" is known, in which the outside is covered with a waterproof layer.

However, the above-mentioned "Azzo side down" construction method has several drawbacks, such as an increase in the roof load due to the provision of a protective layer, and although it provides a protective layer, the performance of the insulation layer and its service life are reduced due to the intrusion of rainwater, etc. In addition, the "traditional construction method" has the disadvantage that the waterproof layer such as asphalt applied on the outermost layer cannot withstand severe temperature changes in summer and winter. The coming water vapor and the water vapor generated as the concrete dries accumulates on the back side of the waterproof layer, causing blisters and significantly reducing the durability of the waterproof layer. Therefore, in order to discharge the water vapor accumulated on the underside of the waterproof layer to the outside, a part of the waterproof layer is torn open and a deaeration device is installed. It has defects such as inability to exert its effects.

On the other hand, there are various types of insulation materials used for the insulation layer.
Each type of heat insulating material has its own advantages and disadvantages, so if only one type of heat insulating material is used, the defects cannot be compensated for.

In order to improve these defects all at once, the present invention provides a fi+ insulation material with almost no moisture absorption and water absorption properties and an insulation material with moderate moisture absorption and water absorption properties on the outside of the concrete frame on the rooftop of a concrete building. (2) On top of that, a waterproof layer is formed by a metal plate, and the metal plate extends into the inside of the cap that covers the upper part of the parabet; (3) (The cap that covers the upper part of the parabet has an opening at its outer peripheral end, and the metal plate extending inside the cap has an opening at its end. This relates to the insulation and waterproofing construction method.

Since the present invention has such a configuration, firstly, by providing multiple heat insulating layers, the heat insulating layer having an appropriate moisture and water absorption property absorbs water vapor that permeates from indoors and water vapor that is generated as concrete dries. It not only absorbs water and prevents it from reaching the bottom surface of the waterproof layer and condensing, or delays the time when condensation occurs, but also increases the amount of condensed water above a certain amount even if the conditions for condensation persist. A thick heat insulating layer that is effective and moisture absorbent maintains stable heat insulating performance and increases moisture permeation resistance, suppressing water vapor permeation from indoors and generation of water vapor from concrete. That is, a heat insulating material made of a material with low moisture and water absorption properties, such as foamed polyethylene, polyethylene, or foamed glass, serves to ensure stable insulation performance and at the same time increases moisture permeation resistance, whereas a heat insulating material made of a material with low moisture and water absorption properties, such as foamed Polyurethane, fiberboard, or plywood do not form condensation at all, or if condensation conditions continue for a long time, and even if condensation does occur, it reaches equilibrium at a moisture content that is dependent on the moisture content characteristics of the material and no further condensation occurs. This prevents harmful condensation. Furthermore, when the heat insulating layer is made into two layers, it is possible to join the joints of the heat insulating material and form a comb, which further helps to effectively demonstrate the heat insulating performance and the moisture insulating performance.

In the present invention, a waterproof layer made of a metal plate, such as a completely welded stainless steel plate, is used as the waterproof layer constructed outside the heat insulating layer, so a semi-permanent waterproof layer that is resistant to heat and external forces is formed. Not only can this metal plate be exposed to sunlight, it can swell into a tunnel shape when the outside temperature rises, and can be used as a drainage path for water vapor generated when the insulation layer dries. By extending it to the top of the para-four, as will be described later, it is possible to improve the discharge of water vapor and to further perfect the waterproofing effect.

Each layer constructed in the present invention is normally constructed so that gaps are appropriately formed between them without adhering to each other, so that the permeable water vapor can easily circulate.
The waterproof metal plate mentioned above is extended into the cap that covers the upper part of the i9 rabbet, which is subject to strong wind pressure (positive pressure and negative pressure), and has an opening at the end. Since an opening is provided at the outer peripheral end and the water vapor is tightly covered, the water vapor present inside the waterproof metal plate can be extremely effectively discharged due to wind pressure.
4. The opening provided on the outer periphery of the rabbet is not blocked by accumulated snow and always works effectively with all wind pressure.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

The drawing is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment in which the construction method of the present invention is applied to the roof of a concrete building.

In the drawings, 1 indicates the reinforced concrete roof of the building, 5 indicates the roof, and 6 indicates the roof.

As the heat insulating material (I) 2, for example, foamed polyethylene (thickness: 3θ) without moisture and water absorption properties, and as the heat insulating material (n), for example, hard fiberboard (thickness: 9 degrees), which has moisture and water absorption properties, is used, and the concrete frame is 1 to form a heat insulating layer. When forming a laminated heat insulating layer, it is preferable that the joints 9 of the heat insulating materials are alternated (combined), and these multi-layer heat insulating materials do not adhere to each other, creating appropriate voids (water vapor passages). However, the insulation material may be grooved to form a larger water vapor passage.

On top of the heat insulating layer, a waterproof layer 4, k made of, for example, completely welded stainless steel plates is laid using hangers and metal plates so that air gaps can be formed naturally.

This waterproof metal plate 4 also extends to the inside of the cap 6 that covers the upper part of the pallite 5, as shown in the figure, and has an opening 7 at its end so that water vapor can escape.
In addition, the cap 6 covers the upper part of the pallite 5 with an opening 8 provided at the outer peripheral end thereof, and promotes the discharge of water vapor by the wind pressure applied to this part.

The present invention has the above-mentioned structure, and compared to a case where only a single layer of foamed polyethylene (thickness: 33 am) is used as a heat insulating layer, condensation water is less likely to form on the back side of the stainless steel waterproof layer. After the condensation occurred in the above-mentioned layer, no condensation was observed even after an hour had passed, and eventually it turned into a dry condition due to a rise in outside temperature, and the opening lower to the inside of the Kasagi was set to the left trunk. In this case, it has become clear that drying is quick and the hard fiberboard insulation returns to its original state if it is exposed to λ hours of sunlight during the day.

All of these have the above-mentioned effects, namely the installation of a double insulation layer,
This is due to the creation of voids and the installation of openings, etc. In addition, when stainless steel waterproof panels become hot due to sunlight in the summer, the thickness of polyethylene, which has a low heat resistance, is completely destroyed (thin). Even if the benefit of sunlight cannot be expected due to snowfall or cloudy weather, the increase in condensation will stop by the time the hard fiberboard reaches a completely hydrated state (saturated hydrated state). This has many benefits, such as preventing condensed water from flowing into the concrete structure.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The accompanying drawings are cross-sectional views of the invention. In the diagram, 1... Concrete roof frame, 2... Insulation material (
1) 3...insulation material CI+), 4...metal plate waterproof layer,
5... Parabet, 6... Kasagi, 7... Opening,
8...Opening, 9...Joint.

Claims (1)

[Claims] On the outside of the concrete frame of the rooftop of a concrete building, a heat insulating layer with low water absorption and a heat insulating material with high water absorption are layered together to form a heat insulating layer, and a metal plate is further coated on the outside to form a waterproof layer. A concrete construction characterized in that the waterproof metal plate has an opening at the outer peripheral end of the upper part of the parabet and extends to the inside of the capping tree that covers the upper part of the parabet, and has an opening at the end. Rooftop insulation and waterproofing method for objects.