JPS598486B2 - Collection check - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a collet chuck that grips a workpiece when cutting or grinding the workpiece.

A normal collet chuck that holds a workpiece has multiple slits that allow it to be elastically deformed in the radial direction.
It consists of a collet that grips a workpiece and a sleeve that fits into the collet, and a tapered surface is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the collet and the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve from one end to the other, respectively. It is.

As a result, the workpiece is gripped by the collet by deforming the collet in the radial direction via the tapered surface by moving the collet or the sleeve in the axial direction.

However, in such conventional collet chucks, the wall thicknesses of both end faces of the collet and sleeve differ greatly, making it impossible to manufacture collet chucks with long dimensions in the axial direction from the viewpoint of strength, and the workpiece I couldn't do a wide range of chucks.

Furthermore, the interference of the collet with respect to the workpiece has conventionally remained unchanged.

The present invention has focused on such drawbacks in the prior art, and has solved the above problems by making the tapered surfaces formed on the sleeve attached to the chuck body and the collet that fits inside the sleeve and grips the workpiece into a spiral shape. The purpose is to solve problems.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a workpiece holder that indexes and rotates a workpiece W while gripping it.A main shaft 3 passes through a hole 2 formed in a fixed housing 1 in the axial direction. It is installed so that it can move back and forth and rotate freely.

In order to reciprocate the main shaft 3 in the axial direction, a cylinder part 4 is fixed to the housing 1 with bolts 5, and a piston part 6 formed on the main shaft 3 is located inside this cylinder part 4. .

Oil chambers 7 and 8 are formed in the cylinder part 4 above and below the piston part 6, respectively, so that when the main shaft 3 is raised,
- Pressure oil is supplied from the oil port 9 formed in the housing 1 to the lower oil chamber 8 through an oil passage 10 formed in the cylinder part 4.

An oil port 9 formed in the housing 1 is used to lower the main shaft 3.
This is done by supplying pressure oil to the upper oil chamber 7 from a.

In order to rotate the main shaft 3, a drive ring 13 having a spur gear 12 that meshes with a rack 11 attached to the housing 1 is rotatably attached to the outside of the cylinder portion 4 via a retainer 14.

In order to support the drive ring 13, a support plate 16 is attached to the lower surface of the cylinder portion 4 with bolts 15.

As shown in FIG. 3, the lower surface of the drive ring 13 is provided with toothed portions 11 at a plurality of locations separated by an angle corresponding to the indexing angle of the main shaft 3, and the other portions are convex portions 18.

A clutch plate 21 is provided with a toothed portion 19 that corresponds to and meshes with the toothed portion 1γ, and a clutch plate 21 that is provided with a recess 20 that engages with the convex portion 18 is fixed to the main shaft 3. There is.

In this clutch plate 21, the toothed portion 19 of the clutch plate 21 engages with the toothed portion 17 of the drive ring 13 as the main shaft moves upward, and the power of the rack 11 is transmitted to the clutch plate 21 via the drive ring 13.

In the illustrated embodiment, since indexing is performed every 60 degrees, six toothed portions 17 and 19 are provided at every 60 degrees.

The number of teeth of the helmet and toothed parts 17 and 19 may be any number as long as all six of the teeth are the same.

In order to maintain the indexing accuracy of the main shaft 3, the housing 1 is provided with a ball index 22.

This ball index 22 is attached to the housing 1 by the bolt 2.
3 fixed indexing member 24 and bolt 25
It consists of a movable indexing member 28 attached by bolts 27 to a support member 26 fixed to the main shaft 3 by a screwdriver, and each indexing member 24, 28 has a large number of annular balls 29, 3, respectively. 0 is stored.

These balls 29, 30 are connected to retaining rings 31, 32, respectively.
This prevents the indexing members 24 and 28 from falling off.

Therefore, by supplying pressure oil into the oil chamber 8,
When the main shaft 3 is raised, the clutch plate 21 engages with the drive ring 13, and at the same time, the movable indexing member 32 integrated with the main shaft 3 is raised, and the pole 30 of the movable indexing member 32 and the fixed indexing member 31 are The ball 29 is separated, and the main shaft 3 becomes rotatable.

A chuck body 33 is attached to the support member 26 with bolts 34, and a sleeve 35 is fixed to a receiving hole formed in the chuck body 33.

A collet 36 that grips the workpiece W is fitted into the sleeve 35 .

As shown in FIG. 4, the sleeve 35 has a serrated engagement surface 39 on its inner circumferential surface, which is composed of a tapered surface 37 and a radial stepped portion 38.
is formed, and the tapered surface 3γ and the stepped portion 38 are continuous in a spiral shape.

This sleeve 35 has a collet 36 that grips the workpiece W.
An engaging surface 42 consisting of a tapered surface 40 and a stepped portion 41 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the collet 36 in correspondence with the serrated engaging surface 39.
1 is continuous in a spiral.

Further, a large number of axial slits 43 are formed in the collet 36, so that the collet 36 can be elastically deformed in the radial direction.

A rubber material 4 such as urethane rubber is placed inside these slits 43.
4 is enclosed to prevent chips and dust from entering the slit 43 and to provide return force when the collet is elastically deformed in the radial direction.

In addition, the shape of the engaging surface 39 may be formed into a chevron shape by two tapered surfaces in opposite directions.

The sixth figure shows the fitted state of the sleeve 35 and collet 36.
As shown in the figure, by pushing the collet 36 into the sleeve 35 in the axial direction, the diameter of the collet 36 decreases according to the tapered surface due to sliding contact between the tapered surfaces 37 and 40. Transform the workpiece W into collet 3
6 and chucks the workpiece W.

To release the grip on the workpiece W, the collet 36 can be pulled out in the opposite direction.

The amount of contraction of the collet 36 in the radial direction when holding the workpiece W is determined by the stroke S between the front surface of the collet 36 and the front surface of the sleeve 35.

To change this, by rotating the collet 36, the axial movement is regulated by a clamper, which will be described later, so the collet 36 and the sleeve 35 move relative to each other in the axial direction, and the collet 36 can be rotated without changing the diameter of the collet 36. You can change the amount of reduction of 36.

In order to move the collet 36 in the axial direction, a piston 46 is located in a storage hole 45 formed in the main shaft 3, and a pressure oil is stored in an oil chamber 47 formed between the piston 46 and the main shaft 3. An oil passage 48 is formed in the main shaft 3 to supply the oil.

The sleeve 50 is attached to the piston 46 (a driving member 49 housed in the chuck body 33 so as to be movable in the axial direction relative to the piston 46).
The disc spring 51 housed in the chuck body 33 applies a downward elastic force to the drive member 49 in the figure, that is, a force in the direction of retracting the collet 36 relative to the sleeve 35. ing.

The collet 36 grips the workpiece W by this force.

To release the grip of the workpiece W by the collet 36, pressure oil is supplied into the oil chamber 47 and the drive member 49 is raised.

The connection between the drive member 49 and the collet 36 is made by a conical C clamper 53 secured to the drive member 49 by bolts 52.

The collet 36 fits into the hole 54 formed in the clamper 53K, so that the clamper 53 and the collet 36 are integrated.

An oil passage 55 is formed in the main shaft 3 to supply lubricating oil to the sliding surface, and this oil passage 55 and the oil passage 4
In order to supply oil from a hydraulic source not shown in Figure 8, a supply bow is installed.
A joint 58 having 56 and 57 is fitted to the lower end of the main shaft 3.

In the illustrated embodiment, the collet 36 is deformed in the radial direction by pushing the front surface of the collet 36 in the axial direction with the clamper 53.
It may be retracted from the rear end.

Also, the taper direction may be reversed.Next, the operation of the above-described embodiment will be explained.

First, in order to index the workpiece W in the circumferential direction, pressure oil is supplied from the oil port 9 to the oil chamber 8 through the oil passage 10.
The main shaft 3 is raised relative to the housing 1.

Then, both indexing members 31 of the ball index 32,
32 is separated to release the indexed state, while the drive ring 13
The clutch plate 21 meshes with the clutch plate 21 .

Therefore, when the rack 11 is moved by a specified stroke and the main shaft 3 is rotated via the drive ring 13 and the clutch plate 21, the collet 36 is also rotated at a predetermined angle via the support member 26 and the chuck body 33, which rotate in synchronization with the main shaft 3. The workpiece W is indexed by rotating by .

Then, by removing the pressure oil in the oil chamber 8 from the oil port 9 or by supplying pressure oil into the oil chamber 7 from the oil port 10, the main shaft 3
When lowered, the engagement between the drive ring 13 and the clutch plate 21 is released, while the ball index 32 is engaged at the specified position.

In this case, if the work W is deviated from the predetermined indexing position, the toothed portion 19 of the clutch plate 21 and the toothed portion 17 of the drive ring 13 cannot mesh with each other, making indexing impossible.

Therefore, by meshing the toothed portion of the clutch plate 21 and the toothed portion 17 of the drive ring 13, the toothed portion of the clutch plate 21 and the toothed portion 17 of the drive ring 13 are engaged with each other.
Indexing is performed almost every 0 degrees, and then the ball 30 of the movable indexing member 32 and the ball 29 of the fixed indexing L member 31 are engaged by the ball index 32, and high accuracy is maintained by the ball index 32. .

When indexing is performed using only the ball index, if the indexing deviates by the radius of the balls 29, 30, the balls 29, 30
30 may be engaged at a position other than the predetermined indexing angle, but as described above, the clutch plate 21 and drive ring 1
If the indexing is performed by the cooperation of the engagement with the ball index 3 and the engagement of the ball index, indexing at each predetermined angle and positioning at that angle with high accuracy can be ensured.

Further, in order to attach and detach a workpiece, pressurized oil is supplied from the port 51 to the oil chamber 47 through the oil passage 48 to raise the chuck body 33 relative to the main shaft 3.

Then, the support member 26 is attached to the disc spring 51 via the spacer 50.
The clamper 53 rises against the spring force of , and the clamper 53 rises via the cylindrical body.

As a result, the collet 36 that is integral with the clamper 53 also rises, and the collet 36 becomes loose with respect to the sleeve 35.
The tightening of the workpiece W is loosened and the workpiece W can be replaced.

In addition, in order to grip the workpiece W after replacement, the collet 36
Insert the workpiece W into the port 57 and transfer the pressure oil in the oil chamber 47 to the port 57.
Then, the drive member 49 is lowered by the force of the disc spring 51.

Then, the clamper 53 and collet 36 also descend,
The tapered surface of the collet 36 rides on the tapered surface of the sleeve 35, and the collet is deformed inward to reduce its diameter and tighten the workpiece W inside.

Next, in order to have the collet 36 grip a workpiece W having a different size, the clamper 53 is removed or a jig (not shown) is attached to the collet 36.
Rotate 6.

Then, each tapered surface has a spiral shape, so
As the collet 36 whose movement is restricted by the clamper 53 rotates, the relative position of the collet 36 and the sleeve 35 in the axial direction changes, and the dimensions between the front surface of the sleeve 35 and the front surface of the collet 36 change.

As a result, the dimension in which the clamper 53 pushes the collet 36 changes, and the amount of deformation of the collet 36 in the radial direction is adjusted.

As described above, according to the present invention, the collet for gripping a workpiece has a tapered surface corresponding to the tapered surface on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve, which is fixed to the chuck body and has a tapered surface formed on the inner circumferential surface. Since the taper surfaces are formed in a spiral shape, the thickness of both end faces of the collet can be made almost the same, and the length of the collet in the axial direction can be increased. , can perform a wide range of chucks on wargs.

Further, by rotating the collet, it is possible to adjust the interference.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
3 is a rear view showing the drive ring in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the sleeve in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a front view showing the collet in FIG. 1. 6 are sectional views showing a state in which the sleeve and collet are fitted. 1...Housing, 3...Main shaft, 4.
...Cylinder part, 6...Piston part, 8
...oil room, 11...one rack, 13. ．．
．． ．． ．． ．． Drive ring, 17, 19...Toothed part, 21
...Clutch plate, 32...Ball index, W...Work, 35...Collet, 36...Sleeve, 37,40.・・・
...Tapered surface, 33...Chuck body. 26

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A collet that has a tapered surface corresponding to the tapered surface on the outer peripheral surface and that grips a workpiece is fitted into a sleeve that is fixed to the chuck body and has a tapered surface on its inner peripheral surface, and A collet chuck with a spiral tapered surface.