JPS598434B2 - cleaning equipment - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a cleaning device.

During the manufacturing process of automobiles, tractors, etc., there is a cleaning process after machining.

Items to be cleaned include various items such as crankcases, transmission cases, clutch housings, connecting rods, cylinder heads, shafts, gears, bosses, and cams. The direct main purpose of the work in the cleaning process is to remove dirt and grime that have adhered in the previous process.
The purpose is to remove cutting and grinding debris and attached oil, and the ultimate purpose is to maintain good engine performance and product quality. In order to improve the cleaning efficiency in the cleaning process, spray cleaning is performed by using a type of cleaning agent that is suitable for the substances adhering to the object to be cleaned, and by heating the cleaning liquid.

Cleaning is carried out using a cleaning device, in which the cleaning liquid is recycled and reused until its cleaning power is exhausted. Typically, a cleaning device includes a conveying device for objects to be cleaned, a cleaning booth room, a cleaning liquid tank, a degreasing spray device, an air blow device, an exhaust device, a circulating filtration device, a belt schema, and the like. Points to consider in terms of cleaning equipment performance are cleaning quality, cleaning cost,
These include cleaning ability, cleaning versatility, and energy saving. In the above-mentioned general cleaning equipment that circulates and reuses the cleaning fluid, the circulating cleaning fluid contains oil and oil.
It gradually becomes contaminated with chips, dirt, etc., and becomes further concentrated.

Conventionally, oil content has been removed using a belt scheme, but the removal efficiency is poor, so the spray liquid (circulating cleaning solution) contains a considerable amount of oil content and cannot perform a sufficient cleaning function. I didn't get it. In addition, contaminants other than oil are periodically removed from the system using a vacuum truck, etc., but at the same time oil that cannot be removed by the belt schema is also removed, and these are properly disposed of in the waste liquid treatment equipment. was. As a measure to remove contaminants such as oil,
Methods such as diluting the oil content of the cleaning liquid and discharging it using a coagulation-sedimentation method and the adoption of a UF device can be proposed, but the former has a lower processing capacity when a closed system for circulating and reusing the cleaning liquid is required. The latter has the disadvantages of membrane clogging and restrictions on water quality conditions, making it difficult to operate smoothly. Moreover, in either case, there is a problem in that the equipment cost and the maintenance and management cost are high. The performance of the cleaning fluid decreases as the oil concentration increases.

In the case of a closed type cleaning device, a large amount of cleaning agent is normally replenished once the oil concentration of the cleaning fluid reaches a limit of 67/t to 7 f/t. Deteriorated cleaning waste liquid is 1-2
It is disposed of outside the system once every month. Therefore, the cleaning liquid is repeatedly sampled at appropriate times until the oil concentration reaches a predetermined range of 67/t to 77/t, and its effectiveness is tested. This test involves checking the free alkalinity or total alkalinity using an indicator or the like. If the amount of cleaning agent is insufficient, replenish it in a timely manner. Next, the conventional method for heating the cleaning liquid was to install a coiled thermocoil inside the cleaning liquid tank, pass steam through the coil, and use the thermal energy to heat the cleaning liquid to around 60-70°C. . The disadvantage of this method is that the thermocoil itself has poor heat transmission efficiency, and the heat transfer surface is free from contaminants in the cleaning liquid.
This is due to the fact that the reactants adhere and reduce the heat exchange efficiency. That is, the thermal coil has a slow rise in its heat transfer curve, and its heat transfer efficiency is 400 to 500 KC0t/Hr. Since the thermocoil has poor heat exchange efficiency, the steam whose temperature has been lowered by heat exchange becomes wet steam, and becomes steam drain (hot water) when released to the atmosphere. Therefore, it can be said that there is still room to utilize the latent heat of vaporization of steam.
In addition, the steam drain will be reused and some will be used as water for cleaning equipment. The usage rate for this is around 2070, and the remaining 8070 is used for equipment other than the cleaning equipment. The reason why the utilization efficiency of the steam drain is limited in this way is that there is a limit to the amount of circulating fluid that can be held, and there is a restriction in terms of balance. The present invention has excellent features in a closed type cleaning device in that it extends the useful life of the cleaning liquid and heats the cleaning liquid effectively and appropriately. The useful life of the cleaning liquid varies depending on the amount of oil attached to the object to be cleaned, the degree of dirt, etc., but it is generally said to be about 1 to 2 months.

However, by continuously removing the degreasing oil content and timely removing reaction deposits, dirt, chips, etc. of cutting oil components, grinding oil components, and cleaning agent components, the effective life of the cleaning fluid itself can be increased, and the cleaning quality can be improved. Cleaning costs can be reduced. Furthermore, energy saving can be achieved by improving the heating efficiency of the cleaning liquid and making maximum use of the steam for heating the cleaning liquid. In addition, the forced external heating method simultaneously purifies the circulating cleaning fluid and treats oil and other waste fluids, and by extremely reducing the volume of waste fluid, it improves cleaning versatility, improves productivity of cleaning work, and eliminates pollution. It can be achieved. The present invention has been made with attention to the above points. Examples of the present invention will be described below. A hood 2 forming a cleaning booth chamber 1 has a plurality of nozzles 3 therein, and
It has an exhaust pipe 5 with a demister 4 at the top.

A cleaning liquid tank 6 is installed at the bottom of the hood 2. The inside of the cleaning liquid tank 6 is divided into two by a partition plate 7, and a port 8 is formed between the partition plate 7 and the bottom plate of the cleaning liquid tank, and the upper edge of the partition plate 7 is configured as a dam 7A. As a result, a cleaning liquid dilution chamber 6A is provided inside the cleaning liquid tank 6.
and a cleaning liquid concentration chamber 6B are formed. A conveyor 9 is extended between the cleaning liquid tank 6 and the hood 2 for carrying the object to be cleaned P into the cleaning booth chamber 1. A cleaning liquid circulation line 10 is provided between the cleaning liquid dilution chamber 6A and the nozzle 3. The cleaning liquid circulation line 10 has a strainer 11 at its starting end, and in order in the circulation direction of the cleaning liquid L,
A circulation pump 12, a cartridge type filter 13, and a pump 14 are interposed. On the other hand, 16 is a concentrated liquid sub-tank,
Reference numeral 17 indicates a power randria evaporation tube which is an example of a steam generator. The cleaning liquid concentration chamber 6B and the concentrated liquid sub-tank 16 are connected via a concentrated liquid drawing line 19 having a pump 18, and the concentrated liquid sub-tank 16 and the heat exchanger section 17A of the power randria evaporation pipe 17 have a pump 20. It is connected via a concentrate supply line 21. The heat exchanger section 17A of the power land rear evaporation pipe 17 is an inner chamber 17 into which the concentrated liquid is introduced.
a and a steam chamber 17b surrounding the inner chamber 17a.
is connected to a dedicated furnace 23 through a waste liquid drawing line 22. 24 indicates a pump.

Further, a steam line 26 extending from a steam header 25 of an external boiler is connected to the steam chamber 17b. A demister 27 is disposed in the upper part of the evaporation tube 17. Reference numeral 28 denotes a line for extracting the concentrated liquid vapor generated within the evaporator pipe 17, and this vapor extracting line 28 is connected to a treated water tank 29.

The steam extraction line 28 includes, in order from the upstream side, an air cooling serpentine pipe 30, a vacuum balancer 31, and the vacuum balancer 3.
A water ejector 32 for generating vacuum, which operates according to the degree of vacuum of 1, is interposed. In addition, the water ejector 32 for vacuum generation
Also has a make-up water line 33, and a steam drain extraction line 34 in the heat exchanger section 17A of the power randria evaporation tube 17 is connected to the steam extraction line 28 immediately downstream of the vacuum balancer 31. A vacuum balancer 31A is also interposed in the steam drain extraction line 34, and this vacuum balancer 31A is connected to the steam extraction line 28. On the other hand, a forced external heat exchanger 35 is interposed between a portion immediately upstream of the air-cooling corrugated pipe 30 in the steam extraction line 28 and a downstream portion of the cartridge type filter 13 in the cleaning liquid circulation line 10. Note that 26A is a steam return line provided between the intermediate portion of the air cooling corrugated pipe 30 and the steam line 26. 36 is a forced external heat exchanger 35
Shows the water line for cleaning.

A treated water injection line 37 extending from the treated water tank 29 is connected to the outlet side portion of the forced external heat exchanger 35 in the cleaning liquid circulation line 10.
A pump 38 is interposed. To provide operational flexibility between the illustrated cleaning equipment and other cleaning equipment not shown,
A line 39 leading to another cleaning device is connected to the treated water tank 29. The inlet portion of the forced external heat exchanger 35 in the steam extraction line 28 and the steam header 25 are connected via a steam supply line 40. When the object P to be cleaned is placed on the conveyor 9 and entered into the cleaning booth chamber 1 below the nozzle 3, and the cleaning liquid is sprayed from the nozzle 3, the object P to be cleaned is cleaned and the cleaning liquid L is received in the cleaning liquid tank 6.

This cleaning liquid L contains oil, chips and other sludge, and these are passed through the opening 8 by the action of the partition plate 7.
Alternatively, it overflows the dam 7A and moves to the cleaning liquid concentration chamber 6B.

Therefore, the cleaning liquid dilution chamber 6A contains a diluted cleaning liquid that does not contain much oil, sludge, etc., and the cleaning liquid concentration chamber 6B
Concentrated cleaning liquid containing more oil and sludge is stored in the tank. In order to make such a tendency noticeable during continuous operation, it is effective to provide a filter, a magnet, etc. at the bottom of the cleaning liquid tank 6. Dividing the cleaning liquid L into a diluted liquid and a concentrated liquid is effective in that the diluted liquid is circulated and reused for cleaning, and in order to remove as much foreign matter as possible from the cleaning device before reaching the nozzle 3. This is because it is effective. The cleaning agent components are SlO37OO~140
0P, P04600~900P, Na400~4200
P, surfactant 120-370P, C0324101P
It should be about 1. The concentrated cleaning liquid is temporarily stored in the concentrated liquid sub-tank 16 through the concentrated liquid drawing line 19, and is then sent into the heat exchanger section 17A of the power randria evaporation pipe 17 through the concentrated liquid supply line 21. In the heat exchanger section 17A, the concentrated cleaning liquid is distilled by the steam sent from the steam header 25 through the steam line 26.
After passing through the demister 27, the steam generated in this way enters the steam extraction line 28, while the concentrated liquid is sent as waste liquid through the extraction line 22 to the dedicated furnace 23, where it is incinerated. Inorganic materials will be disposed of appropriately at the final disposal site. The steam generated in the forced land dryer evaporation pipe 17 is introduced into the treated water tank 29 through the steam extraction line 28. On the way, the forced external heat exchanger 35 exchanges heat with the diluted cleaning liquid flowing in the cleaning liquid circulation line 10. The heat energy retained in the mist whose boiling point has increased after distillation separation is released. Further, while passing through the air-cooling corrugated pipe 30, it is air-cooled and condensed. The steam drain discharged from the heat exchanger section 17A of the power randria heat exchanger 17 is merged into this condensate through its extraction line 34, and is stored in the treated water tank 29. At that time, the problem of balance is the vacuum balancer 31
, 31A1 is solved by the action of the vacuum generating ejector 32. Surplus wet steam or steam drain after heating that comes out of the forced external heat exchanger 35 is transferred to the air cooling corrugated pipe 30.
It is taken out midway through the return line 26A, returned to the heat exchanger section 17A of the power randria evaporation tube 17, and reused for processing concentrated waste liquid. On the other hand, cleaning liquid circulation line 1
The components of the cleaning fluid flowing through the cleaning fluid will vary depending on the cleaning agent components, cutting oil components, oil components attached before machining, etc., but in general, the oil components that have a significant effect on the effective life of the cleaning fluid will be removed after the start of use. After 8 days, the number reaches 2,000 to 35,000, and the oil content increases by 250 to 440 P per day. In addition, the amount of oil adhering to the object to be cleaned P is 0.5 to 57/t,
Water quality other than oil is PH7-9, moisture 95-9870,
Nal5OO~3000. ．． B0D5000~1000
01C0D1000-2500. This is because cleaning agent components, cutting agent components, adhering oil components, etc. are mixed in. This cleaning liquid is forced into the external heat exchanger 35
If the spray is directly sprayed from the nozzle 3 after heating, the cleaning effect will not be much improved. Therefore, treated water tank 2
The purified liquid (condensate) after distillation stored in 9 is injected through the treated water injection line 37. Since the purified liquid in the treated water tank 29 is produced by distillation, it is much improved compared to conventional cleaning liquids. The water quality is PH9 or lower COD7P or lower, SSlPl or lower, N hex20 or lower, TDSl3OlPl or less, SiO223
P or less, M alkali 62P or less, Ca hardness 1 polish or less, E
The water quality is below C2OOP, which is comparable to distilled water, and is sufficient for cleaning purposes. Therefore nozzle 3
The cleaning water that is sprayed is the water quality of the circulating diluted cleaning solution that has been improved with purified water after heating.
Shows high cleaning performance. Note that makeup water is introduced through the makeup water line 33. Due to operational reasons, if the amount of heat retained by the steam generated in the forced land dryer evaporation pipe 17 is insufficient to heat the diluted cleaning liquid in the forced external heat exchanger 35, the steam is supplied from the steam header 25 through the steam supply line 40. Replenish steam.

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the concentrated cleaning liquid is passed through a steam generator and distilled, so that it is purified and the water quality is greatly improved.Moreover, the cleaning liquid is divided into diluted cleaning liquid and concentrated cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid tank. Because of the separation, only the concentrated cleaning liquid containing a large amount of oil and sludge can be distilled, resulting in efficient distillation.In addition, the energy possessed by the mist with an elevated boiling point after the distillation separation of the concentrated cleaning liquid itself can be used as a heating heat source for the circulating cleaning liquid. Since the cleaning liquid is utilized to the maximum extent, it is possible to save energy, and since the distilled and separated purified liquid after being used as a heat source is used again as a cleaning liquid, it is possible to easily improve the performance of the circulating cleaning liquid. can.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing is a flowchart showing an example of implementation of the present invention.
...Object to be cleaned, L...Cleaning liquid, 3...
...Nozzle, 6...Cleaning liquid tank, 6A...
...Cleaning liquid dilution chamber, 6B...Cleaning liquid concentration chamber, 10...Cleaning liquid circulation line, 17...
・Power Landria evaporation tube (steam generator), 19...
・Concentrate withdrawal line, 21... Concentrate supply line, 28... Steam extraction line, 29...
・Treatment water tank, 35...forced external heat exchanger,
37... Treated water injection line.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A cleaning liquid tank that receives the cleaning liquid sprayed from the nozzle onto the object to be cleaned is divided into a cleaning liquid dilution chamber and a cleaning liquid concentration chamber by a partition plate having a dam, and the diluted cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid dilution chamber is directed toward the nozzle. A cleaning liquid circulation line for circulation is provided, a steam generator is provided for heating the concentrated cleaning liquid from the concentration chamber to generate steam, and heat exchange is performed between the steam extraction line of the steam generator and the cleaning liquid circulation line. 1. A cleaning device comprising a treated water injection line which condenses the steam discharged from the steam extraction line and then sends it to the cleaning liquid line.