JPS5977524A - Method and device for controlling temperature in refrigerating chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To execute the control with high accuracy by fetching the optimum control value as an operating signal by a regulator having a deviation value calculated by a computer controller and having a PI or PID operation, and operating each valve by this signal. CONSTITUTION:When a program is stored in a computer controller 14 by a kind, quantity, etc. of goods contained in advance in a refrigerating chamber, the controller 14 inputs a deviation value calculated by calculating in a complicated high level each value of TA, TB and TS converted to an electric signal by an R/L converter 15, to temperature controllers 16-18, deviation between a set value of each controller 16-18 and this deviation value is controlled by a PI or PID operation, an output of each controller 16-18, being an optimum control value is inputted as an operating signal of electronic temperature expansion valves 5, 6 and an electronic evaporation pressure adjusting valve 7, each valve 5-7 is operated, and a blow-out temperature of air cooling chambers 1, 2 is controlled with high accuracy in accordance with a program prescribed in advance.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Using computer control 1, which controls the temperature of the stored items with high precision against a fixed value and brings the temperature of the stored items as close as possible to the setting value at the first operation of the refrigerator, Regarding the temperature control method and its device].

Conventionally, as a temperature control device for a refrigerated room, as shown in FIG. Two temperature sensors 22 and 23 are installed to detect the temperature.
Lower limit alarm controller that notifies overcooling of J wetness in ¥ 24.24
Then, set the other temperature sensor ~23.23 to P, 1. D Temperature controller 25, 25 with (proportional→-integral-sufficient differential) operation
A pilot electric valve 27 that operates the evaporation pressure regulating valve 26 and 26 attached to the outlet side of the cooler 20° 21 through the
．． 27, respectively, and opened and closed according to temperature changes detected by two temperature sensors 28 and 29 attached to the inlet side of the cooler 20 and the outlet of the cooler 20 and 21, respectively. A valve 3o and a low-temperature automatic expansion valve 31 are interposed in parallel. In addition, the temperature control method is based on a temperature sensor 2 installed at the air cooler outlet.
3 detects a temperature change, the temperature controller 25 adjusts the pilot voltage ζHf according to the deviation between the detected value and the set value.
-,,',%,7'Flq-fj? 27, the evaporation pressure adjustment valve 26 operates, changing the evaporation pressure and stabilizing the blowing height of the air cooler at the set value. However, the left and right refrigerator compartments have separate There are coolers 20.21 and each refrigerator room has two air-cooling units. g
However, there is a drawback that it is difficult to set each cooler to the same Suita temperature using the individual temperature controllers 25. −
For the temperature-type self-weight IJ expansion valve, the temperature control range is set to the set value.
), the pressure difference fC before and after the valve is required to be greater than a certain pressure difference, and for this reason, a condenser pressure adjustment valve (water utilization valve) is required, +'+rJ notation 26 Since the total pressure is 26 pressure, the electric method for the compressor has a poor performance and has the disadvantage that it is not energy saving.Furthermore, the above temperature 1ii1
1 bait 1゛ place installed / The operating condition of the refrigerator is 1! ;
As shown in Figure 4, the compression +1 mode is operated to start cooling, and the cooler blows out at t! When i-ΔIB2 reaches the cooling process set value (supercooling point) K, the temperature is set by the temperature sensor 22.2.
2, and the output of the lower limit alarm controller 24.24 indicates -
Issuing a notification [7. After that, the operation of the refrigerator will be manually operated from the supercooling point to the P bow/D operating temperature controller 25.
, 25 TCj: The temperature of the items stored in the refrigerator room does not easily drop to the set value when kept cold (offset), but the temperature of the items stored in the refrigerator room does not easily drop to the set value when kept cold (offset), and the outlet temperature of the cooler is maintained. It takes 3 to 4 days after adjusting the temperature to the set value. 40 hours plus the storage period is quite a long time, so combined with the speeding up of refrigerated ships, the cargo cannot be stored until the stipulated storage period has elapsed even after reaching the destination. 11 Unable to carry out the work due to his injuries, he was forced to stop at the target location, which was considered a huge loss both in terms of time and expense.
It is Tajihouki.

The operating state of the refrigerator in the present invention is as shown in Fig. 2 during the cooling process up to the cooling process set value (supercooling point). 2. Directly detect the cooler outlet temperature TA, the refrigerant liquid evaporation temperature 'rB, and the suction pipe heating temperature TS, and input them to the computer controller to calculate the filling machine I (-value') in a highly complex manner. For a certain period of time (a period determined by the items to be stored), the operation is performed at a control temperature that is below the set value (maintaining the supercooling point), and the temperature of the stored items is brought to the maximum temperature set during cold storage. Then, the Suita temperature of the cooler is controlled and calculated in the same way,
By raising the temperature in steps over time and returning it to the cold storage setting while maintaining the operating balance of the refrigerator, the supercooling point, which causes low-temperature damage to fruits and vegetables, can be raised to a high degree of blueness. Since the temperature of the items stored in the refrigerator is maintained automatically for a certain period of time, the temperature of the items stored in the refrigerator compartment will be the closest to the set value, without any temperature difference as shown in Figure @54, and the set temperature will be adjusted accurately. Therefore, as in the past, it takes 3 to 4 days for the product to reach the set temperature.
1; It takes a long time, but it can be shortened to almost 3 to 4 days, so the refrigerated carrier will arrive at its destination after or at the same time as the expiry of its storage period. It is possible to significantly shorten the berthing period during which cargoes arrive and they immediately begin unloading or are put into storage.Furthermore, the present invention “A, T.I.
3. Calculate each detected value of Ts as a deviation value using the arithmetic function of the cosipyu-ku controller, extract the deviation between the deviation value and the set value of the planting controller as an operation signal as the optimum control value, and use the deviation to Since the temperature expansion valve and the electronic evaporation pressure adjustment valve are operated, it is possible to make the outlet temperature of the coolers in the port and starboard side refrigerator compartments and the two or more coolers in each refrigerator compartment the same. . Furthermore, the electronic temperature expansion valve of the present invention can be controlled over a wide range ('a range is 3 to 100% of the set value), and the condensing pressure regulating valve (water control valve) required in conventional equipment can be controlled. Low seawater temperature without need
In Sea Area A, the power consumption of the compressor can be significantly reduced, saving energy and simplifying the equipment itself.

Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

1. Air coolers installed in the refrigerated chambers installed on the port and starboard sides of a 2-keet refrigerated carrier, etc., each connected to a compressor 3 and a condenser 4 as shown in solid lines in Figure 1, and used in a known refrigeration cycle. k K'fl is formed. Reference numerals 5 and 6 are constant electronic temperature expansion valves attached to the pipes connecting the cooling/1Ify liquid inlet of the cooler 1.2 and the condenser 4, respectively. The throttling action is adjusted by electronic signals according to changes in load, causing adiabatic expansion and low-pressure cooling 1! : Something that is made into a liquid. 7 is an electronic evaporation pressure regulating valve attached to the pipe connecting the refrigerant gas outlets of the coolers 1 and 2 and the compressor 3, and the evaporation pressure is adjusted to a predetermined pressure by an input electronic signal regardless of load changes. It is to be maintained. The electronic temperature expansion valve 5.6 and the evaporation pressure regulating valve 7 may be powered by either an electric type or a pneumatic type. Reference numerals 8 and 9 denote temperature sensors such as temperature measuring resistors attached to the air outlet of the coolers 1 and 2, respectively, which detect the air cooler air outlet temperatures TA and TA' of the coolers 1 and 2, respectively. 10.11 are temperature sensors similar to +iTj attached to the refrigerant liquid inlets of coolers 1 and 2, respectively;
The evaporation temperature Tnffi of the refrigerant liquid at step 2 is detected. 12.13 are similar temperature sensors attached to the refrigerant gas outlets of the coolers 1 and 2, respectively, and the respective cooling dg1.2
The superheat temperature TS of the refrigerant gas suction pipe from the compressor 3 to the compressor 3 is measured. 14 is each temperature sensor 8°9.10
, 11, 12.18 respectively to resistance/current (R/Sat) conversion 8
A known computer controller (Fuji Electric Kozo K, Kyo Compact Controller F) is connected to the input terminal via G15 as shown by the chain line in Figure 1, and the resistance detected by each temperature sensor is connected to the R/1 converter 15. The detected value converted into a 4-ki signal is subjected to highly complex calculations and is calculated as a deviation value. In this case, the &lg sensor 8 of the air outlet 10 of one of the coolers 1 is used as the main control sensor, and the other sensor 9 is used as a sensor for correction so that the air outlet temperature ゛[Δ and TA' on both sides are equal. This is what I used.

16. 17 and 18 are the output terminals of the computer controller 14, and the terminals of the temperature expansion cell 5, 6 and electronic evaporation pressure adjustment) f7. ■-1・]-(]proportional-t-integral or P・■・interposed between ↓t+ signal input terminal
A temperature controller as an electric value controller having D operation, inputs the deviation value calculated by the computer controller, and calculates the deviation between the deviation value and the set value of the planting controller as an optimum control value. This signal is outputted from the output terminal as an operation signal for the temperature expansion valves 5, 6 and the evaporation pressure control valve 7. In addition,
The temperature controller 18 of the electronic evaporation pressure regulating valve 7 is not reliable unless the same compressor 3 is equipped with coolers for 1ji refrigerator compartments and different cooler Suita temperatures are obtained for each refrigerator compartment. It is. Reference numeral 19 denotes 11+' information transmitting means such as a computer, a lamp, a buzzer, etc. connected to the alarm output terminal of the -controller 14.

When using the present invention, a program is written in the computer controller 14 in advance according to the type, quantity, etc. of the items to be stored in the refrigerating room.
Deba 11. TA converted into an electrical signal by the /I converter 15
, 'rB, and TS in a complex manner and input the calculated deviation value to the temperature controllers 16.17 and 18, and calculate the deviation between the set value of each controller 16° and 17.18 and the deviation value. (
, p/r t or P/■/D operation, and the output of each controller 16, 17, 18 as the optimum control value is adjusted to the electronic temperature expansion valves 5, 6 and the electronic evaporation pressure regulating valve 7. The control signal is inputted as an operation signal, operates each valve 5, 6.7, and controls the Suita temperature of the air coolers 1, 2 with high precision according to a predetermined program as shown in FIG.

In addition to the above features, the present invention has the following features compared to conventional control methods and devices.

(1) A highly reliable automatic control system that precisely controls the air cooler's outlet temperature, which eliminates manual operation, resulting in labor savings.

(2) Since the superheating temperature of the suction pipe is controlled to the optimum value, the capacity of the air cooler is maximized and the evaporation temperature is kept high, thereby improving the efficiency of the compressor and making it possible to save energy.

(3) By installing a highly accurate electronic evaporation pressure regulating valve, it is possible to set the coolers in multiple cold storage rooms to different Suita temperatures with a single compressor, making it possible to use a refrigerated transport ship. It is possible to save energy when storing items together.

(4) In the present invention, the condensing pressure regulating valve (?1i
The table below shows the reduction in power consumption of the compressor in areas where seawater temperatures are low and no water valve is required.

(5) Broom Figure 1 shows the computer controllers that control the refrigerating compartments, one on the port side and one on the starboard side.
It is also possible to install a large number of computer controllers and centrally control each individual controller using a central supervisory control computer.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 3 is a piping and wiring diagram of the conventional device, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the operating state of the conventional device. 1.2...Cooler, 3...Compressor, 4...Condenser/5゜6...Electronic temperature expansion valve, 7...Electronic evaporation pressure adjustment valve, 8,9, 10,11,12.13...Temperature sensor, 15...R1/1 converter, 16,17°18...Temperature controller, 19...Alarm means, 20°2
1...Cooler, 22.23...Temperature sensor, 24
...lower limit alarm controller, 25...temperature controller, 2G.
...Evaporation pressure adjustment valve, 27...Pilot electric valve,
28.29...Thermometer sensor, 30...Temperature-type expansion valve for high temperature, 31...Temperature-type automatic expansion valve for low temperature. Applicant: Nisshin Gyogyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The air cooler outlet temperature, the refrigerant evaporation temperature, and the suction pipe superheating temperature are each directly detected, and each of the output values is converted into an air signal and sent to a known computer controller. Let's calculate,
It is calculated as a deviation value, and the deviation value and P・■ or P・Work・
1. A method for controlling temperature in a refrigerating room, characterized in that a controller having D operation extracts an optimum control value as an operation signal, and the operation signal operates an electronic temperature expansion valve and an electronic evaporation pressure regulating valve. 2. An electronic temperature expansion valve is installed on the refrigerant liquid inlet side of the air cooler, and an electronic evaporation pressure regulator is installed on the refrigerant gas outlet side of the air cooler, and the cold air blowout temperature is adjusted at the air cooler outlet. A temperature sensor that detects the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant is provided at the inlet of the cooler, and a temperature sensor that detects the superheated temperature of the suction pipe is provided at the outlet of the cooler, and the output terminals of each of the temperature sensors are switched. 1. Connect to the input terminal of the computer controller through the
The electronic temperature expansion J↑ and the electronic A refrigerating room temperature control device, characterized in that the type evaporation 1 power regulating valve is connected with or without intervening the l!ll1 degree i:(i meter).