JPS5968577A - Swash plate type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To give shoes high hardness and enough strength by a method wherein structural steel, of which shoes are made, is applied by carburized hardening and metallic cementation treatment in order to realize an integral construction. CONSTITUTION:An aluminum swash plate is small in size or about 60-90mm. in diameter and contains about 15-20% silicon. On the other hand, the shoe 3 is made of structural steel as a whole. The shoe 3 is a disc, the diameter of which is 13-20mm., the thickness of which is 3-5mm., and the depth of the spherical recess of which is 2-4mm.. The show 3 can be given high hardness and enough strength, because the shoe 3 is made integral by applying carburized hardening and metallic cementation treatment to structural steel. In this case, the preferable thickness of the treated surface layer is 10-50 micrometers.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a swash plate type compressor, and more specifically, to a swash plate type compressor using a swash plate made of an aluminum alloy.

Swash plate compressors are disclosed, for example, in co-owned U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,037,522 and 4,244,67.
No. 9 is known, and its structure is that a swash plate rotated by a rotating shaft is placed in a cylinder, and as the swash plate rotates, a piston consisting of an upper and lower or both heads moves into the cylinder and RP lure. The swash plate is fitted and held between the swash plate and the piston to convert the rotational movement of the swash plate into the reciprocating movement of the piston. ? - the shoe is placed at a predetermined position on both sides of the swash plate, one side of the shoe slides into contact with the side of the swash plate, and the other side is formed with a spherical recess to fit and hold a portion of the ball; A part of the ring is also fitted and held in a recess inside the piston.

In the above-mentioned US Pat. No. 4,244,679, the swash plate is made of spheroidal graphite cast iron or alloy steel, and when used in combination with this swash plate, it has the best load capacity, high-speed sliding property, and durability. Sealed tin with impact and abrasion resistance 2.
A shoe is used in which a sintered layer consisting of 5 to 5 parts, 20 to 25 parts of lead, and the remainder substantially copper is formed on the sliding surface side with the swash plate.

In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-129311 submitted by the applicant
According to the publication, as a shoe, a copper lining is applied to the flat side that is the sliding surface with the swash plate, and a coating made of a material that does not easily seize with steel is applied to the spherical concave surface of the sliding surface with the goal. It is known to use layered steel-based materials.

According to Japanese Patent Application No. 54-40263 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 55-133493) also filed by the present applicant, when silicon-containing aluminum alloy is used for the swash plate in order to reduce the weight of a swash plate compressor, It is known to form a fired layer of a boron-containing iron group metal on the sliding surface side of the swash plate as a sheet having excellent sliding properties with respect to the swash plate.

The object of the present invention is to provide a swash plate type compressor using a swash plate sound in which the swash plate is made of a silicon-containing aluminum alloy.
The purpose is to further improve the seizure resistance and sliding performance of the shoe, or to achieve the same performance at a lower cost.

The problem with shoes that slide against a swash plate made of an aluminum alloy with a silicon content of 15 to 20% (hereinafter referred to as At swash plate) is that the shoes slide because of the hard primary silicon in the At swash plate. If the seizure resistance is insufficient, for example, the shoe of U.S. Pat. No. 4,037,522 having a Cu-3n-Pb sintered layer on its surface will instantly seize. Therefore, the present applicant filed the above patent application in 1984-40.
In No. 263, a new shoe (hereinafter referred to as a boride dispersion shoe) that combines a boride-dispersed surface layer and a base with high mechanical strength improves seizure resistance and sliding performance compared to silicon-containing aluminum swash plates. I suggested that it be made better. However, recent research has shown that the baking performance of boride-dispersed shoes is still insufficient, and that a firing process is required to form a boride-dispersed layer.
There is a drawback that the shoe cost increases.

The applicant has conducted research on shoes and found that superior performance can be obtained if the shoe is made of integral structure or a single material and is made of case-hardened steel or carbon steel that has been carburized and quenched or metal-impregnated.

The applicant is US Patent No. 42 related to a swash plate compressor.
No. 44679, and prior to the completion of the present invention, it was discovered that if spheroidal graphite cast iron or alloy steel is used as the swash plate, and silicon-containing aluminum alloy (Arnol alloy) is used as the shoe, seizure will occur instantly. I was getting . Therefore, the above patent proposed the use of a copper alloy in which hard phosphides and intermetallic compounds and soft lead were dispersed for the shoe. However, when the swash plate 7>E is made of a silicon-containing aluminum alloy, such as an Alsil alloy, instead of a shoe, it unexpectedly turns out to be case-hardened steel or carbon steel (hereinafter collectively referred to as structural steel) that has been carburized and quenched or metal-penetrated. It has been found that a sheet made of a material (referred to as .

The swash plate compressor for car coolers according to the present invention includes:
A swash plate arranged in a cylinder and rotated by a rotating shaft, the swash plate being made of a silicon-containing aluminum alloy, and an unlinder j? a piston operatively connected to the swash plate to be moved in the direction of the rotating rack 1 in the column frame; and a fuel and a beer fitted and held between the swash plate and the piston. Become,
The mesh is made of one material selected from the group consisting of carbon steel and case-hardened steel, and one side of the seam in contact with the swash plate is substantially flat at least in the center, and this flat surface is carburized or hardened. It is metal infiltrated, and the other side is formed with a spherical recess that fits and holds a part of the sail, and a part of the ball also fits and holds the four spherical parts inside the piston. It is.

Hereinafter, the swash plate type compressor of the present invention, in particular, the shoe will be described in detail in comparison with a boride dispersion shoe that has good seizure resistance against the At swash plate.

First, the surface layer of the boride-dispersed tube has Hv650-12.
The shoe according to the present invention has a hardness as high as 0.00, and is indistinguishable from a boride-dispersed shoe in terms of hardness.

However, from a structural perspective, the surface layer of the boride-dispersed shoe has a particularly low fatigue strength because there are considerable interparticle interfaces around the bonded boride particles, and the particle size of the boride itself is small. In contrast to the boride powder manufacturing method, which results in fairly coarse grains, in the case of the present invention, the structural steel undergoes plastic processing such as forging rolling, extrusion, and drawing after melting, so the density of the material is reduced. It matches the theoretical density and has high homogeneity.

Next, while the boride dispersion shoe has a composite structure consisting of a base and a surface layer as described above, the shoe of the present invention has an integral structure. Although it cannot be said whether a composite structure or an integral structure has better seizure resistance, in the present invention, structural steel is carburized and quenched and metal infiltrated (hereinafter collectively referred to as surface treatment). By using the integrated structure, performance comparable to or superior to that of a boride dispersion shoe was obtained. This means that the surface of the surface-treated structural steel is Hv
Because it has a high hardness of 700 or more and sufficient strength,
This is thought to be due to the ability to sufficiently withstand the load exerted by the At swash plate on the mating material during sliding. Although the hardness itself of the surface layer of the boride-dispersed seam may be higher than that of the surface treatment layer of the structural steel according to the present invention, the shoe of the present invention has high strength as a whole and has a hard surface treatment and toughness. Since the base part is integrated, it maintains good performance over a long period of time.

In the present invention, the carburizing and quenching treatment involves infiltrating carbon into the structural steel by gas carburizing or solid carburizing, preferably to a depth of 0.3 to 1 mm, followed by quenching from 830 to 880°C and, if necessary, 150°C. This method involves low-temperature tempering at ~200°C or removal of heat. Next, metal infiltration treatment, known in the industry as the TD process, is a method in which metals from groups I and V of the periodic table are infiltrated into the steel base metal from a halide salt bath to form carbides. be.

The carbon steel and case hardened steel in the present invention may be known ones, such as 510C, 545C, 515CK, SCM21, etc. The carbon content of these structural steels is between 0.1 and 0.
, 6% is preferred.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

In FIG. 1, there is a seam between the At swash plate 5, which is rotated by the rotating shaft 2 in the cylinder 1, and the gas stone 4.
3 and a ball 8 are fitted and held, and both heads of the piston 4 are caused to reciprocate in the direction of the rotating shaft 2 within the cylinder 1 in accordance with the rotation of the Atf+ plate 5. At of Nyu 3
The side surface on the swash plate side has a flat surface polished to a roughness of 08 to 1.6 microns, while a part of the peel 8 is fitted and held on the ball 8 side of L-3. A spherical recess is formed. In the swash plate compressor of the present invention, At
The swash plate 5 is small with a diameter of 60 to 90 mm, and also has a diameter of 15 to 20 mm.
However, Sea-3 is made entirely of structural steel. The shoe 3 is thick (the maximum thickness of the part where the four spherical parts are not formed) is 3 to 5 + n, and the diameter is 13 to 20.
It is disc-shaped, and the depth of the spherical concave portion is 2 to 4 degrees.

In this case, the thickness of the surface treatment layer is preferably 10 to 50 μm.

The shoe 3 has an At swash plate (
The central part of the (not shown) side may be flat, and may have a through hole (not shown) as the case may be, and the remaining part may be chamfered (3b). Incidentally, such a chamfered shoe is known from Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-64714.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

A sliding test was performed on the shoes shown in Table 1 under the conditions described below, and the load at which the shoe and the mating material were seized was determined.

A, constant sliding speed -15 m/sec.

B. Load - 20 kg/crn2 increments, each loading step lasting 30 minutes.

C8 lubricating oil: A mixed lubricating oil containing 1 volume of refrigerating machine oil and 9 volumes of light oil.

D. Lubrication method - felt application, approximately 0.8 cc/min.

E, mating material test piece: standard value 19-21% 81°5-6
% Cu, 0.45 to 0.65% Mg, balance At, straightness is 11 or less, surface roughness is 0.4 to 0.
．． 63 discs.

F. Shoe: Straightness 1 micron or less, roughness 0.4-0.
Table 1 shows the 6S seizure load measurement results.

Table 1 Note that the above boride dispersion material is an alloy powder consisting of Ni2O% and the balance iron, ferro-containing iron powder, lead powder, and ferrophosphor powder, B content -120%, PB content 5%,
P content is 8%, the remaining iron is mixed, applied to a steel plate with a thickness of 2 dragons, and then heated to 1100~1 in a hydrogen reducing atmosphere.
It was prepared by firing at 000°C.

FIG. 3 shows the results of measuring the friction coefficients of the above sample materials 1.2, 3.4 and 6 under the above conditions.

From the graph in this drawing, it can be seen that the sample material of the present invention has a low and stable coefficient of friction up to high loads.

From the above description, especially from the examples, it is clear that the present invention provides a swash plate compressor with an At swash plate that has higher seizure resistance and better sliding characteristics than conventionally known shoes. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a swash plate compressor for a car cooler. FIG. 2 is a front view showing one aspect of the shoe. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of measuring the coefficient of friction of several test materials of the examples. 1... Cylinder, 2... Rotating shaft, 3... Shoe, 4... Piston, 5... At swash plate, 8...? −
Le.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A swash plate arranged in a cylinder and rotated by a rotating shaft, the swash plate being made of a silicon-containing aluminum alloy, and a swash plate that rotates according to the rotation of the swash plate. a piston that is operatively grounded to the swash plate to be reciprocated in the direction of the rotational axis within the swash plate, and a shoe and a ball that are fitted and held between the swash plate and the piston;
The shoe is made of one material selected from the group consisting of carbon steel and case-hardened steel, and one side of the shoe in contact with the swash plate is substantially flat at least in the center, and this flat surface is carburized or hardened. A spherical recess is formed on the other side to fit and hold a part of the ball, and a part of the ball is also fitted and held in the spherical recess inside the piston. Swash plate compressor for coolers.