JPS596682B2 - A rotating device that condenses vapor and evaporates liquid in the gas. - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for concentrating vapor and evaporating liquid in gas.

In the first case of condensing steam, there are great practical difficulties in condensing the steam contained in the gas.

This is because the condensate exists in various mixtures with all the condensed products, and at the same time, during condensation, fog is formed,
or that known flocculant devices are inefficient in certain ways;
The gas becomes saturated with steam, and this saturated steam is not used and is carried away from the equipment, resulting in losses.

In the second case of evaporating a liquid in a gas, evaporation of a liquid for various exotic purposes (saturating the gas, evaporating the liquid by passing it into an inert gas, etc.) This is carried out with the same condensing and evaporating device proposed in the invention, which is further explained in the specification and some examples thereof.

This invention includes the following steps.

(1) Utilizing strips of any shape and diameter made of materials that withstand the temperature of the gas entering the device or the operating temperature of the device or bonding together the bottoms of strips of different metals or materials; The gas is given a rotational motion in a condensing tube whose bottom part has a spiral shape so that it can rotate in one of two directions (from right to left or vice versa) without being connected to each other. (2 ) The condensing tube is externally cooled using conventional methods known in the industry, such as water jackets, forced convection, natural convection, etc., and when the condensing tube is used as an evaporator, known equipment (steam jacket, oil (3) optionally introducing a cooling liquid into the gas for the purpose of both cooling the gas and cleaning the interior surfaces of the condenser.

The device used can also be used as an evaporator without changing the direction of gas circulation outside the device.

In fact, when used as a condenser, the gas enters the above-mentioned device at the top and flows to the bottom, which contains a solid-liquid separator of the type known in practice (cyclone atomizer,
grid, etc.) are located.

When used as an evaporator, gas enters the device at the bottom and rises in countercurrent to the liquid to be evaporated.

The liquid to be evaporated is introduced from the top of the aforementioned device,
In case of an emergency, the jacket used as a cooling element can be used as a gas heater with a temperature regulator, in which case the use of this will keep the gas at the desired temperature, or the liquid will keep the temperature of the gas when it evaporates. The desired temperature is maintained, in which case no external heating circuit is used and therefore no configuration thereof is required.

It is natural that the treatment of the problems and therefore the structure of the condensing device will be different in each individual case, as detailed above, i.e. working in parallel, varying in length, and with various materials suited to the particular problems of the individual. A variety of tubes of different diameters can be used, but the characteristic that they all have in common is that they can be made of the same or different materials that can be used for condensation or evaporation and can be introduced into the interior of each tube, as will be seen from the examples below. The idea is to use a helical strip twisted in either direction (from right to left or vice versa).

The thickness of the aforementioned strips is variable, as is the number of helical rings per meter.

This is because, for each problem, if we research the optimal solution to it, we should be able to find it.

The advantages of the device according to the invention are as follows.

(1) For the same flow rate of gas compared to the case of conventional condensers, which saves considerably on the cooling surface and therefore on the length of the tubes,
Heat and material transfer efficiency is several times better.

(2) If the gas to be cooled contains a sufficient amount of vapor to be subsequently condensed and is given a downward rotational motion, the liquid will always be forced towards the wall by the action of centrifugal force; Easier removal and subsequent collection of condensate;
Also, the inner surface of the condensing tube is continuously cleaned.

(3) When the gas enters the condenser at a temperature higher than the boiling point of the liquid used as the coolant, k'! , the gas is suddenly cooled to the aforementioned temperature and saturated with the liquid.

Due to the temperature difference and the centrifugal force exerted on the gas, a diffuse flow of vapor is generated from the gas towards the walls of the condenser tube.

This diffusion is accompanied by the centrifugal force of the gas, which greatly increases the diffusion of the vapor, and condensation is expected, thus significantly increasing the efficiency of material conveyance.

(4) In many cases, when fog is generated or when the gas contains the mist, the droplets are forced towards the wall and condense along the wall by the force generated by the rotational motion of the gas. The separation effect of small droplets is improved.

When used as a gas evaporator or saturator, this method has the following advantages:

(5) turbulence is generated to bring the gas and liquid into intimate contact, which allows the gas to be saturated with much smaller equipment than known to date; With a heating jacket, the temperature is constantly controlled and the work can therefore be carried out with very small equipment that is easy to handle and control.

The gas entering the evaporator at the temperature available in each individual case is
the liquid you want to evaporate (which descends through the interior of the tube)
and the countercurrent flow rises through the interior of the tube.

The outer jacket acts as a thermostat, and the helical strip acts as a rotating element that creates a high degree of turbulence that helps saturate and homogenize the gas. .

The proposed new condenser and evaporator can be applied in the following cases.

(1) Gas was cooled by passing liquid through the outside of the device.
or when it is desired to carry out all or part of the evaporation in a previous process and recondense it with external cooling action, or when it is desired to remove the gas from the device without cooling.

It is possible and interesting to recirculate this method for several, but not limited, uses.

In this case, it is possible to design suitable devices for gas-liquid separation and subsequent processing of the cooling liquid.

Examples 1 and 2. (2) Condensers where steam or a mixture of dilute vapors that can be condensed is found in a separated gas or gases at °C.

Example 3. (3) A method for evaporating a liquid or a mixture of liquids in which vapor is introduced into the gas or gas mixture.

(4) Gas scrubbers used in all methods in which the gas contains solid particles or a liquid to be separated and this liquid is circulated inside a tube with a helical strip.

The cleaning liquid used for this purpose carries all the solid particles or liquid with the movement of the cleaning liquid and causes the gas to slowly descend into the interior of the tube to prevent adhesion (sedimentation) on the surface and at the same time to provide the cleaning action of the gas. conduct.

It can be inferred from the above description that the device according to the invention can be applied as a cooler, condenser, evaporator and gas scrubber.

Example 1 Outer diameter 76mm 1 inner diameter 73m. A stainless steel tube was used, and the jacket surrounding this tube was a 6 m long external cylindrical cover of the same material (stainless steel), sealed at both ends, and water at a temperature of 14 °C circulated inside the jacket. do.

The upper part of the tube with an outer diameter of 76 mrIL has a thickness of 2 mrrt and a width of 7
2mm stainless steel strings were introduced and 0.3
It was twisted spirally from left to right with a 9 m screw pinch, and air was introduced at a rate of 300 m'/h at 150°C.

The temperature of the gas at the outlet was 25°C and the temperature of the external cooling water was 16°C.

The gas leaving the lower part of the tube was separated from the water introduced into the circuit at this lower part.

The water actually passed through the top of a 76 mm diameter tube and passed inside at 140°C was introduced at a rate of 3 liters per minute, partially evaporated as it entered and exposed to the 150°C Q gas.

As the mixture progressed through the tube, it condensed again to water, and the heat of condensation was absorbed by an external cooling circuit, so cooling of the gas could be accomplished with very small equipment.

A cyclone was located below the gas outlet, with which the water introduced into the interior of the tube was separated from the gas.

Water from this cyclone was pumped into a tank from which it was recirculated to the top of the pipe and used again.

Example 2 “Similar to the previous example, except that the internally circulated water is used only once.”
was always introduced.

This experiment showed that the condenser could be used without the need for auxiliary water storage equipment.

If you install this water storage device, it will only be used once (
Large quantities of water (for example, seawater) will have to be made available.

Example 3 A stainless steel tube with an outer diameter of 7 6 1 nm, an inner diameter of 73 mm and a length of 8 m is used, which has a strip of the same material (stainless steel) with a thickness of 2 m'rL, a width of 72 mm and a length of 8 m, with an outer diameter of It was wrapped in a sealed tube with a diameter of 150 mm, leaving a space (external cooling circuit) between the former tube and the latter tube, in which water was constantly circulated at a temperature of 14 °C. .

Inside a pipe with an outer diameter of 76 am, water at 14°C flows at a rate of 15 liters per minute.
At the same time, combustion gas from a furnace for roasting mercury ore was processed at a rate of 100 m3/min.

The concentration of mercury was 5 g/m8 of gas including combustion gas, water vapor, dust, etc.

A cyclone and a droplet separator were located at the bottom of the 76 mm outer diameter tube, which then allowed gas to be introduced into the purification unit.

Contrary to conventional condensers, this device is capable of handling metals of this method, provided that its operation is not interrupted by the washing action described earlier in this specification and is not blocked at any time for a period of one month. The collection efficiency is 99%.

The drawing shows that, as in Application Example 4, the gas contains solid particles or liquid to be separated, and the gas containing the liquid is circulated inside a tube having a spiral strip while being cooled (heat exchanged) from the outside. In the figure, 1 is a hot gas containing a solid substance (solid particles) or a water-free liquid and its introduction part, and 2 is a part of a closed circuit ( 3 is a condensation tube with a helical strip inside, 4 is a circulation chamber for cooling (heat exchange), 5 is a cooled and solid particle etc., 6 and 6a are the inlets and outlets for uncontaminated cooling fluid, 7 are the inner walls of the tubes 3 (helical strips are formed by centrifugal force).

) is arranged concentrically with the pipe 3 for separating solid matter and liquid adhering to the chamber 8 and introducing the cooled gas to the chamber 8.
A pipe with a smaller diameter, 8 is a discharge chamber for cooled gas, 9
1 is a chamber in which the solid matter separated by centrifugal force and attached to the inner wall of the tube 3 is washed and collected by contaminated water 2 introduced from the inlet, 10 is a tank for separating water and solid matter, and 11 is a solid matter. Indicates the outlet for liquids or non-water-containing liquids, respectively.

In the above configuration, hot gas 1 containing suspended matter or liquid matter comes into contact with contaminated water 2 circulating in a closed circuit at the inlet, and both are cooled on the outside in cooling chamber 4. The condensation tube 3 is guided into a swirl-type condensing tube 3.

The contaminated water 2 acts as a heat transfer medium, i.e. as cooled particles, which improves the heat transfer coefficient of the tube wall of the tube 3, which is cooled in the chamber 4 on the outside, so that the liquid or solid matter is in a vapor state with gas. It is condensed inside.

Also, this contaminated water continuously washes the precipitates inside the tube 3 along the spiral body (strip) as a result of condensation and the far-field force, and carries them to the chamber 9.

Also, the cooling fluid can flow between the inlet 6 and the outlet 6a without being contaminated.
It is more circulated and removes the heat of the gas.

The gas passes through a pipe 7 having a smaller diameter than the pipe 3, and is led to the outlet 5 in a state free of solid particles.

On the other hand, the contaminated water carrying the condensed solids or liquids from the outside of the two-way small-diameter pipe 7 leaves the condensing device by the action of centrifugal force, enters the chamber 91, and is separated by the separator 10.
The contaminated water 2 is used again to wash the inside of the pipe 3.

Note that when this device is used as an evaporator, the &J jacket 4 acts as a heater, and the fluid to be evaporated is introduced from (2) and is a conditioned gas.
) leaves from exit 5.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawing is a schematic diagram of an apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention. Meter: A tube with a spiral strip inside;
4... Cooling or heating chamber.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. One or more types of tube, one or more types of strip located in this tube, made of the same material or a different material as this tube, and twisted in the direction of rotation, and known externally. a cooling device of the type and in some cases a heating device, imparting a rotational motion to the gas and dislodging the solid particles or liquid contained in the gas into the tube in which the helical strip is located under the action of centrifugal force. A rotating device that condenses vapor and evaporates liquid in the gas by forcing it toward the inner wall. 2. Claim 1 characterized in that the number of threaded loops of each helical body facing in the same direction is one or more and is unlimited.
Rotating device as described in section. 3. The width of the slip lip is such that it can be introduced into the pipe, and is characterized in that it can be adjusted as far as possible from the wall of the pipe and that the entire assembly can be manufactured as one unit. A rotating device according to claim 1 or 2. 4. Each configuration, such as the length of the tubes, the number of tubes, the string passages, and the materials used, will vary depending on the process in which the rotation device is used, but the common purpose is to impart rotational motion to the gas, and to The rotating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rotating device is moved forward to greatly assist physical and chemical processing. 5. One or more inlets for the cooling liquid introduced into the gas before or at the inlet of the device according to each of the preceding claims, in each case cooling and condensing, depending on the intended use of the device. 4. A helical strip is provided in each tube, as a whole or individually, for the purpose of promoting, evaporating or cleaning gases. Rotating device described in any of the sections. 6. A patent characterized by the circulation of a cooling liquid inside a tube with a helical strip, which can be used as a gas cooler and can be used for an indefinite period of time and does not require any special treatment beforehand. Claim 1
The rotating device according to any one of Items 1 to 5. 7. The gas to be condensed is passed inside the tube with the strip, and an auxiliary liquid may or may not be further introduced, and the tube may or may not be provided with a cooling device externally; Items 1 to 6 of the range of patent claims characterized in that they are collected at the bottom of the page.
The rotating device described in any of the paragraphs. 8 Circulating the gas, liquid or mixture of gas and liquid in a tube or in a tube with a helical strip in countercurrent or in the same direction as the liquid to be evaporated in whole or in part and at the same time providing heating with an external circuit. A rotating device according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 9 Patent characterized in that a gas containing solid particles, a liquid or a gas to be separated is circulated inside a tube provided with a strip in countercurrent or in the same direction as a liquid capable of absorbing or transporting said substances A rotating device according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 10 A tube of a smaller diameter than the tube with a helical strip inside is arranged concentrically in the lower part of the device,
The condensate deposited by centrifugal force on the inner wall of the tube with a helical strip exits the tube through the annular section bounded by both tubes, while the gas exits through the smaller diameter tube. The rotating device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the rotating device is configured to move in the direction of the rotation direction.