JPS5959260A - Sorter for powdery body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To separate a powdery body in response to its charged electricity, by supplying the powdery body to be sorted to a rotary charger, forming frictional charging by the collision of particles against the rotary body, and introducing the charged powdery body into a sorting chamber in which a DC electric field is formed by a couple of parallel-plate electrodes. CONSTITUTION:In the apparatus for separately sorting a mixed powdery body comprising two or more different kinds of components into every specified component, the amount of a powdery body sent out from a quantitative feeder 4 is held at a predetermined value corresponding to the number of rotation of the rotary body of a charger 5. At said charger 5, a rotary body 52 to be rotated at a high speed and a powdery body-supplying means 53 for bringing the particles of the powdery body to be sorted into collision with the surface of said rotary body to provide said particles with frictional electricity are provided. In addition, at an electrostatic separating part 9, a couple of electrodes 901, 902 on which DC voltage is impressed are provided, so that charged particles supplied from the charger 5 to a space between said electrodes is separated in response to their charged polarity. By this method, the step of treating, dehydrating or drying sludge can be omitted or simplified.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a powder sorting device that selects and separates only a specific component from a mixture of two or more types of powder (particles) having different components. The equipment in this building is used, for example, for refining ores and making powder raw materials. Option A and Option A have been put into practical use. however,
Conventional methods cannot be said to be effective means for selecting materials with small differences in specific gravity and small differences in magnetic properties. For example, when using coal, deashing, dehydration, desulfurization, etc. are important issues through various processes such as transportation, combustion, and coking, and various refining equipment has been developed and put into practical use. It was never enough.

Regarding conventional coal preparation, many methods have been developed, including heavy liquid coal preparation, jig coal preparation, table coal preparation, rheo coal preparation, and flotation, and recently, oil agglomeration methods have also been developed. The heavy liquid coal separation method uses a pseudo-heavy liquid in which heavy liquid materials such as magnetite and iron sand are suspended in water, and raw coal is suspended or sedimented in this liquid to separate it into carbonaceous components and mud/stone components. It is.

Such a heavy liquid coal selection method is usually used to select raw coal of 7.5 to 50 wn, and is limited to coal with a particle size of at least 3 m or more. For this reason, there is a problem in that it is not possible to remove the ash present in the maple charcoal as shell material. Additionally, the equipment requires a recovery system for heavy liquid materials, which complicates the equipment and requires a dehydration and drying process after coal washing. Furthermore, recently, the demand for pulverized coal for pulverized coal combustion and pulverized 00M raw material requires pulverization again, which becomes inefficient and uneconomical.

Another conventional coal preparation method, the jig coal separation method, involves placing a net horizontally in a closed water tank, with the upper layer of the net serving as air and the lower layer serving as an ice chamber, and raw coal being poured onto the net from one end. At the same time, the pressure in the pressurized chamber communicating with the lower part of the ice chamber is cut off and the pressure is changed in an arbitrary manner, thereby causing the water surface to vibrate up and down. By this operation, by the time the raw coal reaches the other end, the low specific gravity in the raw coal is separated into the upper layer, and the high specific gravity is in the large layer. Coal selection is done.

This jig coal preparation is commonly used for raw coal of several tens of nanometers, and recently various improvements have been made to enable coal preparation down to fine coal with a particle size of about 1 wl.

However, this method also has the same problems as heavy liquid coal preparation, including the treatment of sludge contained in wastewater.

Next, both the table coal separation method and the rheo coal separation method use water as a sorting medium, and the former has the problem of requiring a large installation area relative to its processing capacity, while the latter has poor screening efficiency and can only be used for a limited number of coal types. Both have their own problems, similar to heavy liquid coal preparation and jig coal preparation. In addition, flotation coal is 0
．． This method targets pulverized coal with a diameter of 3 m or less. Raw coal is suspended in an aqueous solution, nitrogen is pumped in from the bottom of the water tank, and the water is immersed (thick coal particles are collected on the surface of the bubbles). The coal is exposed above 1nj of water, and the mud, stones, and internal parts are left in the water to prepare the coal.This method has the advantage of being able to be collected in fine powder form, and is beginning to be used in many cases. Dirt V1 treatment 1 Dehydration after re-selection
Problems with preparation such as drying remain.

In addition, in all agglomeration, pulverized coal is suspended in water, and a certain amount of heavy oil is mixed and stirred to form lipophilic coal particles. Fi1 is used as a binder to form pseudo-foam granules, and is separated from water and mud/stone components using a screen. This method also has problems such as the problem of wastewater treatment, the problem of consumption of heavy oil from shiso leaves, and the restrictions on the use of charcoal due to the granulated coal.

The present invention eliminates the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional equipment, and provides sludge treatment,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a powder sorting device that can omit or open-end the dehydration and drying steps. According to the present invention, the powder to be sorted, which has been ground into fine powder, is
The particles are supplied to an electric device to generate frictional electrification due to collision between the rotating body and the particles, and then the charged powder is transferred to a pair of parallel flat plates d.
The purpose is achieved by introducing a direct current electric field into a sorting chamber with poles and separating it according to the charged screen.

Below, actual measurement examples of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a coal selection process diagram for coal as an embodiment of the present invention. In this process, raw coal is first crushed into appropriate sizes by a crusher 1 and stored in a hopper 2. This stored raw coal enters a crushing mill 3, where it is finely crushed into, for example, 200 meshes or less. In this grinding mill 3, if necessary, dry air or non-flammable gas (used every time 44 powder shots are expected) is passed in the direction shown by broken lines 31 and 32 to keep the powder at a constant level of dryness. The pulverized and dried powder is guided to the metering Hamamatsu feeder 4 as shown by the arrow 41.The amount of powder sent back from the metering feeder 4 to the path 42 is:
The value is maintained at a value corresponding to the rotation speed of the rotating body of the band viewing device 5. In the charging device 5, the powder particles are subjected to a frictional force according to the relative speed difference with the rotating body, which will be described later, and after obtaining the early sardine charge according to the component, they are sent to the electrostatic separation chamber 9 where they are separated. . Electrostatic charge 61f
In chamber 9, the powder is separated into a high-grade fraction and a coal ash mixture with 9 mineral fractions.The high-grade fraction is separated into 1 pieces as shown by an arrow 91 and made into a product, and the hostage fraction is divided into 9 parts as shown by an arrow 93. Separated and treated as waste. The charcoal/ash mixture is indicated by arrow 92.
It is either returned to the constant acid supply feeder 4 for re-selection process (as shown in FIG. 1) or disposed of as product or waste.

Next, the charging device 5 that becomes the living body of the present invention in the coal selection process will be described. FIG. 2 shows an example of the configuration of a charging device including a rotating body, in which a conical shell 52 having a V-shaped cross section is attached to a rotating shaft 51, as shown in FIG. , the direction of arrow 54 or the opposite direction I through the rotating shaft 51 by a drive source (not shown).
This is rotated. A powder supply port 53 to be sorted protrudes from the upper curved portion of the circular shell 52, through which the separated particles are supplied. Due to the rotation of the conical shell 52, an air current is generated in the vicinity of its surface in a direction that is a combination of the rotational direction as shown by the arrow 55 and the centrifugal direction as shown by the arrow 55. Typically, the rotational airflow velocity is much greater than the centrifugal airflow velocity. Therefore, the powder particles Q sent out from the granule supply port 53 are moved near the upper surface of the conical shell 52 in the radial direction of the surface of the conical shell 52 (in this 57 and 58Q], and when pressed in the direction perpendicular to the surface, the force 59 is applied.Therefore, if the rotational speed of the conical shell 52 is set to an appropriate value I, the powder particle Q is pressed under the force 59. By receiving a proportional frictional force, it is possible to obtain five friction peaks determined by the conical iron material and the particle components (by bending, it is possible to perform effective frictional charging).

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of another rotating body, in which a narrow mounting shaft 501 is used to radially attach a large number of metal aJ#502 serving as contacts to a rotating shaft 501 for connecting to a drive source (not shown). is attached. When this rotating body rotates in the direction of arrow 510 or in the opposite direction, air currents in the directions shown by arrows 511 and 512 are generated above and below the rotating body, and air currents flow outward as shown by arrow 513 around the rotating body. Airflow occurs. At this time, since a thin wire is used as the contact, a large speed difference occurs between the rotational speed of the contact and the swirling speed ♂ of the gas around the rotation including the rotation area of the contact and the child. Therefore, if the powder to be sorted is fed from the axial direction, all the powder particles will fly out in the direction of the arrow 513 through the rotation area of the contactor, but the powder particles will not follow the flow line of the gas. Since it moves along the same direction, it can collide with the contact and receive a sufficient M friction load.

The above two embodiments of the rotating body have been shown, but as is clear from the explanation, the structure of the rotating body is one that generates reliable friction without being affected by the airflow generated around the rotating body. The powder may also be supplied by using a hollow rotating shaft and passing it through the shaft in rows f and Q.

5 and 6 show the relationship with the static component separation chamber 9 when the above-mentioned charging device having a conical shell is used. Seizokubu 1
The first chamber 9 is sealed with an outer wall 900, and a pair of negative and positive flat plate electrodes 901 and 902 are installed in the chamber. At the lower end of the electrostatic separation chamber 9, hoppers 904, 905, and 906 for taking out the purified powder are provided. i
The charging device 5 is arranged in the central part of the sorting chamber so that the charged particles flying out from the charging device R5 are
The plate electrode 901 is subjected to the action of a DC electric field created by the plate electrode 902, and positively charged particles are separated and sorted toward the cathode side, and negatively charged particles are separated and sorted toward the 11-electrode side. Particles that have not been sufficiently charged by friction fall into the central hopper 905. The sorted powder particles adhering to the plate electrodes 901 and 902 are removed by means other than the hopper 90.
4 and 906, respectively.

By arranging the band device 5 in the center of both flat plate top electrodes in this way, the rotation of the rotating body causes a turbulent air flow in the sorting chamber to form a gap between the flat plate electrodes 9()1 and 902. Charged particles flying out of the DC electric field become bulky, and the flat electrode 901
．． The electric field created between the outer wall 902 and the outer wall 900 can prevent charged particles from adhering to the unrecoverable portion.

Using this device, the ash content is 20% crushed to 200 mesh or less.
When we conducted a sorting experiment on 6A coal, we found that the cathode 1111
In No. 1, refined coal with an ash content of 9% was obtained internally, and Akane Oita coal with an ash content of 45% was obtained on the anode side. Furthermore, in multi-stage sorting using three wooden machines, refined coal with an ash content of 5%, and intermediates with a hard ash content of 85 cm and an ash content of 30% were obtained.

As for the materials for the charging device 1, copper and stainless steel have shown good characteristics, and the ash content is negatively polarized and the carbon content is positively polarized, but the materials are not limited to these two. , which has a (flN propensity) intermediate between coal content and ash content.

In the present invention, powder particles are charged by friction and then separated and purified by passing them through a direct current (DC) field, making use of the electrical properties of substances. Has characteristics. That is, (1) Since no water is used during the powder processing process, no sludge is generated and there is no environmental pollution caused by ash content.

Additionally, there is no need for post-processing such as dehydration and drying of the product, simplifying the system and reducing processing costs.

(2) Since the sheath product has already been pulverized, the pulverization process when using the product is small.

(3) Since static electricity is used, surface accuracy is required, including those with small differences in specific gravity and small differences in magnetic properties.
, comes.

(4) Since the charging device is a rotating body, the operating cost is low, and it can be placed quietly in the separation chamber, resulting in high space efficiency.

By the way, the M-soldier kite made of powder was sent when the powder was added.

During cyclone collection. Although it occurs in a fluidized bed, it requires a positive charging device, which consumes a lot of power. For example, in a cyclone, it takes more than 10 times the power to obtain the same charge as in the present invention. In addition, in the flow *b) t4, sufficient distribution was not possible because not only the power was large but also positive and negative αJr were generated due to collisions between particles of the same component.

The above description has been given using the refining of coal as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It can be used as a device to extract a specific substance from a mixture of two or more types of powder, such as removing foreign substances.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a sorting device for stone IA, which is an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. Figure 4 is the other 1
5 and 6 are a plan view and a sectional view taken along line A-A11 of one embodiment of the structure of a static parrot separation chamber including a charging device. 1: Crusher, 2: Hopper, 3: Grinding mill, 4: Constant supply feeder, 5: Charging device, 9: Silent branch room, 51.50
1: Rotation axis, 52: Circle 641! shell, 503': thin wire mounting shaft, 502: thin wire, 53: powder supply port, 900: outer wall,
901,902: Parallel plate electrode, 90'4,905.9
06: Hopper. Bu 1 Kuniya 2 Kuniichisai 3 Kansai 4sen, 312

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) In a device that separates and sorts a mixed powder consisting of two or more different components into specific components, powder particles to be sorted collide with a rotating body that rotates at high speed and the surface of this rotating body. It has a particle charging section consisting of a powder supply means for imparting a frictional charge, and a pair of 'α poles to which a DC voltage is applied, between which the charged particles supplied from the charging section are charged. What is claimed is: 1. A powder sorting device comprising: a separator that separates according to polarity; 2. The device according to claim 1, comprising: a rotating shaft disposed vertically; a conical shell having a V-shaped cross section passing through the center; and means for driving the rotating shaft; A powder sorting device characterized in that at least one conical shell is coaxially attached to the rotating shaft to form a rotating body. 3) Percentage Percentage The device according to claim 1, characterized by a rotating shaft arranged in the vertical direction and a large number of fine metal wires attached radially around this shaft to form a rotating body. Sorting device. 4) A powder sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotating body is disposed at the center of a pair of bar poles that generate a DC electric field.