JPS5955408A - Optical device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To branch, combine, and multiplex light with high precision through simple constitution by forming a convex lens on one end surface of a columnar photoconductor and a slanting plane where a semitransparent film is stuck at a specific angle on the other end surface. CONSTITUTION:The convex lens is formed on one end surface of the columnar optical element 20 and the semitransparent film or demultiplexing film 21 which is the slanting plane at the specific angle to the center axis is stuck to the other end surface. Light from a light source 22 is reflected by the film 21 and focused on a point B and the remaining light is transmitted through the semitransparent film 21 and focused on a point A, thus branching the light. Composite light of wavelengths lambda1 and lambda2 from the light source 21 is demultiplexed by the demultiplexing film 21 into light of wavelength lambda1 and light of wavelength lambda2. An optical element 20 is arranged as an optical multiplexer in the opposite direction and light beams from light sources 22 and 24 are focused on a point C by the semitransparent film 21. Thus, the area of the slanting plane is sufficiently large, so the film 21 is formed precisely and the light is branched, combined, and multiplexed with high precision through the simple constitution.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (R) Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical element for branching, combining, and combining light for use in branching and combining communication lines in optical communications.

(b) Prior Art and Problems Figures 1V to 4 show conventional optical devices, and are diagrams for explaining an optical branching/combining device and an optical multiplexing/demultiplexing device. Figure 1 shows a lens configuration type that uses a semi-transmissive film or a splitting film.
In the figure, 1.2.3 is an optical fiber, 4.5.6 is a lens,
7 is an optical plate attached with a splitting film, and Fig. 2 is a fiber processing type that also uses a semi-transparent film or a splitting film.
+, 3 is the original fiber, 8 is the optical plate attached with a splitting film,
Figure 3 shows the lens in Figure 1 changed to a spherical lens.
In the figure, 1.2.3 is an optical fiber; -17 is an optical plate attached with a demultiplexer 1; 9.1O111 is a spherical lens;
This is a diagram in which a part of a spherical lens is used in the fiber processing type shown in the figure, and in the diagram, 1, 2, and 3 are original fibers, 8 is an optical plate attached with a splitting film, and 9 is a spherical lens. Although FIGS. 1 to 4 all show examples of branching filters, if a semi-transparent film is used in place of the branching film, it becomes an example of an optical splitter.

Fig. 1 shows one of the conventional examples of an optical demultiplexer, in which an optical plate 71 located approximately at the center of three lenses 4, 5, and 6 forms a dielectric multilayer film, that is, a demultiplexing film. The light containing wavelengths λ1 and λ2 that passes through the optical fiber 1 on the left side is focused by the left lens 4 and is delivered to the splitting film 7.The component of wavelength λ1 in the light passes through the splitting film and passes through the right lens. 5, it enters the right optical fiber 2. On the other hand, the component of wavelength λ2 is reflected by the splitting film, is focused by the lower lens 6, and enters the optical fiber 3i.

This W splitting membrane is used as a semi-transmissive membrane. As shown in the figure, the wavelength splitting film 8 is placed in the section, and the two wavelengths λ1゜λ24 included 1
-p) Y: is the branch 11jJl Koyorien] As shown,
λ1 is inserted into the optical fiber 2, and λ2 is inserted into the optical fiber 3. lens ff
(Narihaya uses many parts, and is an old lens of 9.1o.)
1 and rI4] of the optical plate 7 attached with the splitting film.Since the relative position of ``9)'' must be mechanically accurately placed in order for tl to become ``I'', there are many j1M alignment points, and the difference between It has the drawbacks of being difficult to adjust, difficult to miniaturize, and high price. On the other hand, the optical fiber processing type shown in Figs.
A dielectric multilayer film, i.e., a dielectric multilayer film, must be formed.
:i';&, since the evaporation area of molecule fQlii',i is extremely small, it has the disadvantage of stable Ill % (z4. is only 1f). You will encounter exactly the same problem AU as when using a wave film.The same problem occurs when combining Y; and combining ζ.

(c) Object of the Invention It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the drawbacks mentioned above and to provide a high-efficiency original device, that is, an optical branching/combining device and an optical multiplexing/demultiplexing device with a piecemeal mechanism.

(d) The object stated in the structure of the invention is to provide an optical element for branching, combining, demultiplexing, and multiplexing of light. In addition, the other end surface is an oblique plane having a predetermined angle 711 to the central axis of the cylindrical light guide, and a semi-transmissive film or a splitting film is attached to the oblique plane ζ. providing a device (thereby accomplished);

(e) Examples of the invention Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the optical element which is the basis of the present invention. In the figure, 20 is the optical element according to the present invention I, 21 is a semi-transmissive H (or splitting film), and 22 is a light source.

Figures (a), (b), and (c) in Figure 6 show the manufacturing procedure of this optical element. On the other hand, cut along the dotted line 1. (b) shows the completed cutting, (c)
In the figure, a semi-transparent membrane is attached to the slanted Y surface, and a layer of silver is blown onto the surface of the surface.

In Figure 5, a part of the light emitted from the light source 22 is reflected by the semi-transparent film 21, passes through the lower plane, and is focused at point B, and the rest of the light passes through the semi-transparent film 21. It passes through and focuses on point A.

Figures 7 and 8 show seven examples of using this optical element for light branching.
is an optical fiber, 2o is an optical element, 21 (1 semi-transparent film,
7 is a 7 auto-converter for converting an optical signal into a η-like signal.
Light receiving elements such as Dimate are shown.

7N, 8th figure, optical fiber 1 coming out of light @, 22
T? , - The light Po transmitted from the optical element 2° (transmitted light P1 and reflected light I from the attached semi-transparent m1r2xc), (separated, the transmitted light P1 is light)
The n1 reflected light P2 is focused on the optical fiber 2, and is further transmitted to the optical fiber 3.

In the case of FIG. 8, the transmitted light Pl is focused on the optical fiber 2f and propagated, but the reflected light P2 is focused on the fort diode 231c and converted into an electric current. Furthermore, P1
The ratio of P and P can be arbitrarily determined based on the ratio of the transmittance and reflectance of the semi-transmissive film III to form a semi-transparent chamber.

Figure 9 shows an example of using the present invention as a wavelength splitting membrane.
In this case, for example, TiO2 and Si
O! A multi-layered dielectric film is used as a splitting film.

In the figure, 22 optical elements, 2] are branching II? , 22 (a light source including elements of four wavelengths λ1 and λ2, 1.2.3 is an optical fiber.

In FIG. 9, light from a light source 22 having wavelengths λI and 22 is transmitted through the original fiber 1, and from an optical element 20 and a splitting film 211, transmitted light containing only light with wavelength λJ and wavelength λ
The reflected light consists of only 2 lights, and 2.31 optical fibers are collected, respectively.

Figure 10 (This is a diagram showing an application example in which the invention is used in the opposite direction, in which case it becomes a light combiner or optical multiplexer. In Figure 10, 20 is the optical element of the present invention, and 21 is a semi-transparent film. , 22.
24 is a light source.

101'' and 21f, part of the light emitted from the light source 227'+1 is transmitted through the semi-transparent film and imaged by the optical element 20, and part of the light emitted from the light source 24 is transmitted from the Eitsu 1 station. After being repulsed by the membrane 21, the light is focused by the optical element 7-2 ().At this time, the positions of the light sources 22 and 24 are finely adjusted. I can do it.

2' Figures 11 and 12 show implementation 1 as a photosynthesizer.
1 is not shown, and in FIGS. 11 and 12, 20 (G is an optical element according to the present invention, 2 is a semi-transparent film, and 1.2.3 is an L).
Ibar, 22.24 is a light source, 251 Knee is Fort.
Glue 8 and optical elements such as diodes are shown r0 Figures 11 and 12
In the figure, from the light source 22 to the fiber 1
1 strand 1 ql' tq Transmitted light of the coming light Pa' ■)
'', the reflected light P2' of the light Po' which has come out of the source 7 and is carried through the optical fiber 3I is 'r-.

The light is focused by a scientific element. In Figure 11, 4M is placed at this r~'L position.
1 fiber 2 is placed, and the light p, /, p2/ is further removed. In Fig. 12, a fort diode 2 is placed at this position.
5 to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal.

In this case, two input lights can be received at once by one light receiving element.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention used as an optical multiplexer. In FIG.
J is a splitting film, 22 is a light source with a wavelength λ1, 24 is a source with a wavelength λ2, and 1.2.3 is a source fiber.

In FIG. 13, light with a wavelength λ1 comes out from the light source 22, is transmitted through the optical fiber 1, passes through a portion δζv21, and is focused on the optical fiber 2 through the optical element 2 (H).On the other hand, the light that comes out from the light source 7 ,)゛[;The origin of the wavelength λ2 generated by transmission through the fiber 3 is reflected by the splitting film 2, and is transmitted to the optical element 201.
From this, the light is focused on the original fiber 2I. Like this −ζ
'y(-fiber 2) Two lights with wavelengths λ1 and λ2 can be simultaneously transmitted through the fiber 2.

As detailed above, the optical element according to the present invention can branch, combine, demultiplex, and multiplex light with a very simple configuration compared to the conventional optical system. Since the area is wide, it is possible to form a semi-transmissive film and a splitting film with high precision, thereby achieving cooperative efficiency. Furthermore, when constructing an optical branch/combiner and an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, there are fewer parts, so they are small, low-grade, simple, and have a wide range of application. As explained above, the present invention allows the anus to be hidden.
Using the optical element described above, the branching, combining, demultiplexing, and multiplexing of light that has been performed using the optical system 72 can be performed with mIJ'+l h, and moreover, it has a great effect in that it can be split at a high rate. It is something.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 4 show a light branching/combining device (Nu 1 for explaining a two-way multiplexing/demultiplexing device), and Figure 1 shows a lens-containing Luli using a semi-transparent film or a splitting film. Figure 2 is also Tetoru iM
Hω-nu is a fiber-processed type that uses a splitting membrane, and a spherical lens (this is a modification of the ``/lens'' in Figure 1).
Fig. 4} (1 This is a diagram in which a spherical lens is partially used in the fiber processing 311j of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an optical unit that is the basis of the present invention, and in the figure, 20 is a diagram showing the use of a spherical lens in the fiber processing 311j of Fig. 2. 21 is a semi-transparent film, 22
indicates a light source. FIGS. 6(a), (b), and (C) are diagrams showing the manufacturing procedure of this optical element. Figures 7 and 8 show an example in which this optical element is used for light branching, Figure 9 shows an example in which the present invention is used as a splitting film, and Figure 10 shows an example in which the present invention is used in the opposite direction. FIGS. 11 and 11 are diagrams showing application examples using this method. Fig. 1 Yλ2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 20 S Fig. 3 Taku 6 Fig. 10 Me nl! Il-'pi-U,)B'S>4
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Claims (1)

[Claims] In this optical element, a convex lens is formed on one end surface of a cylindrical light guide, the other end surface is an oblique plane having a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis of the cylindrical light guide, and a semi-transparent film is provided on the oblique plane. Or an optical device characterized by having a wavelength splitting film attached thereto.