JPS5954166A - Low pressure mercury vapor electric-discharge lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the rise characteristic of the luminous flux of a low pressure mercury vapor electric-discharge lamp by installing a metal having a high affinity to mercury near the electrode. CONSTITUTION:In a low pressure mercury vapor electric-discharge lamp of a twin tube structure, a silver 13 used as a metal having a high affinity to mercury is installed near an electrode 6 which is fused within one end of an inner tube 4. The silver 13 is fixed near the electrode 6 through both a supporting nickel bar 12 and an electrode-supporting conductor 7. Owing to such constitution as above, the rise of the liminous flux of the lamp can be rapidly achieved by increasing the pressure of mercury vapor in an electric discharge path by positively collecting mercury around the metal 13 and heating the metal 13 by means of the electrode 16 as soon as the lamp is activated. As a metal having affinity to mercury, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, copper, zinc and germanium are listed in addition to silver.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp.

In particular, the present invention relates to a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp in which the coldest part of the tube wall, which is directly heated by discharge plasma and determines the mercury vapor pressure, is formed at a position of 1°.

1. First, we will give an example of five low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps in which the coldest part of the tube wall that determines the mercury vapor pressure (hereinafter referred to as the coldest part) is formed in a position that is not directly heated by the discharge plasma. do.

First Example The one shown in FIG. 1 is an example of a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp having the coldest part, and is a so-called light bulb type fluorescent lamp. This structure is known from Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 54-44370. This lamp has an outer tube 1 forming an airtight space and a diffusion film 3 coated on the inner surface.

One end is the base of the outer tube, which is located inside the lepidoptera.

2, and the other end is opened to the space.

It has two inner tubes 4.4 and a double inner and outer tube structure 5. A rare gas of several Torr and a small amount of mercury are sealed inside the outer tube, and a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge occurs.
Inside the sealed end side, an electrode supporting conductor 7 is provided.

7 and is carried out between sealed electrodes 6.6. The ultraviolet light generated by the discharge is converted into visible light by the phosphor 5.5 coated on the inner surface of the inner tube 4.1.4.

Conventional fluorescent lamps having such a structure have had the following problems regarding the luminous flux after lighting.

5 The efficiency of a fluorescent lamp depends on the mercury vapor pressure inside the tube,
It is known that the maximum saturated vapor pressure of mercury corresponds to a temperature of 50°C to 50°C. For lamps with this structure,
The mercury vapor pressure inside the tube is determined by the temperature around 0, 6, and 6 points of the center point of the circle indicated by the symbol A, which is the coldest part of the outer tube 1, and is the mercury vapor pressure inside the tube when the light is turned off.

The value usually corresponds to room temperature. child.

Therefore, if the room temperature is lower than 40℃, the lamp.

Immediately after lighting, the luminous flux is small, and as the tube wall temperature rises.

The mercury vapor pressure inside increases, and its value reaches an optimum value, reaching a stable luminous flux. In general fluorescent lamps.

Because the plasma is in direct contact with the inner surface of the glass tube, the temperature of the tube wall rises quickly, and therefore the luminous flux is generated in a short period of time.

Chi” Nigaru. However, in the lamp of this structure, the lamp.

Since most of the power is consumed inside the inner tube 4.4, the temperature of the inner tube 4.4 rises without being turned off after the lamp is turned on.

The temperature of the outer tube 1, which determines the mercury vapor pressure, is inside.

The ratio is due to the heat transferred from the tube 4.4 by thermal radiation.

It rises relatively slowly. Therefore, in the lamp of this structure, the rise and fall of the luminous flux are delayed. Also, this phenomenon.

This is particularly noticeable when the ambient temperature around the lamp is low.

Furthermore, in conventional low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps that have a double structure of an outer bulb and an inner bulb and have the coldest part in the outer bulb, mercury is unevenly distributed in the coldest part of the outer bulb. The partial pressure of mercury vapor decreases, resulting in start-up.

L2 had the disadvantage of poor performance and poor lighting characteristics.
Example This example has a T-shaped structure in which the coldest part of the discharge tube is in direct contact with the plasma, as shown in FIG. 5 With reference to FIG. 2, this lamp consists of a pair of supporting conductors 7 and 7, which are supported by an electrode 6, which is sealed within an H-type tube 8 whose inner surface is coated with a phosphor 5. , low among Otsu.

A fluorescent lamp that discharges pressurized mercury vapor and is a discharge tube.

The coldest part is the part that is not directly heated by the plasma.

It is located near point B. For this reason, it takes time for the temperature of the coldest part to rise sufficiently after the lamp starts.
Therefore, there was a problem that the rise of the luminous flux was delayed.

The problems described in the first and second examples above are not limited to the lamp structure examples described above, but are caused by low-pressure mercury in which the coldest part of the discharge tube is located in a part that is not directly heated by the plasma. This is a common occurrence in steam discharge lamps.

The object of the present invention is to improve the luminous flux rise characteristics and increase the luminous flux in a short time in a structure that has the coldest part that determines the mercury vapor pressure in a position that is not directly heated by the discharge plasma. The means to do it.

An object of the present invention is to provide a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp equipped with the following features. 5. The low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp of the present invention, which achieves the above-mentioned purpose, is characterized in that a pair of electrodes is installed inside a glass tube forming an airtight space.

A few r'' o r r of rare gas and a small amount of mercury are sealed in a gas tube, and the mercury is placed in a position that is not directly heated by the discharge plasma.

In a discharge lamp in which the coldest part of the tube wall is formed, which determines the vapor pressure, a metal strip having a strong affinity for mercury or a metal to which mercury easily adheres is arranged near the electrode. One form of the discharge lamp has at least one inner tube within an outer glass tube forming an airtight space, and one end of the inner tube supports one of the electrodes. Together with the conducting wire, it is placed inside the tube and sealed to the base of the outer tube, and the other end of the inner tube is opened to the space for force. Note that the metal having a strong affinity for mercury is disposed near the electrode to support the electrode.

or plate the conductor with the metal.

Or, to a certain extent, the material of the conducting wire that supports the electrode.

It is good because it is used. 1, the aforementioned mercury.

It is preferable to arrange a metal to which mercury easily adheres near the electrode, since a metal plate to which mercury easily adheres is placed at the base of the electrode.

According to the present invention, discharge plasma is used.

It also has the coldest part in the lower position where it is directly heated.

However, if mercury is unevenly distributed in the coldest part.

To actively collect mercury on a metal with a strong affinity for mercury or a metal to which mercury easily adheres, which is placed near the electrode, and immediately heat the metal with the electrode upon startup to increase the mercury vapor pressure in the discharge path. Additionally, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of starting failures and to allow the luminous flux to rise quickly.

Metals with a strong affinity for mercury in the present invention include manesium, aluminum, calcium, copper, zinc, kermanium, arsenic, selenium, strontium, silver, cadmium, indium, tin, antimony, tellurium, barium, lanthanum, cesium, and praseodium. , Eurobiuno 3, Itztel.

Bium, gold, thallium, lead, bismuth, boronilla.

metals, and alloys containing these metals.

At least one kind of metal can be mentioned.

Examples of metals to which mercury easily adheres in the present invention include general getter materials such as titanium and zirconium.

can be used.

In the following, the invention will be described by way of example with reference to the drawings.

will be explained in more detail.

Example 1 In this example, the present invention is applied to a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a double inner and outer tube structure shown in FIG. is arranged.

Referring to FIG. 3, which is an enlarged view of the portion near the electrodes of the structure of the light bulb type fluorescent lamp shown in FIG. Silver 13, which is a metal with a strong affinity for mercury, is disposed near the sealed electrode B. The silver 13 weighs 10 mg and is fixed near the electrode via a nickel support rod 12 and an electrode support conductor 7.

FIG. 4 shows the rise characteristic 5 of the luminous flux of this lamp. In FIG. 4, a broken line 14 is a curve showing the characteristics of a conventional self-ballasted fluorescent lamp in which no silver is disposed near the electrodes, and a solid line 15 is a curve representing the characteristics of a conventional compact fluorescent lamp in which no silver is disposed near the electrodes.

Characteristics of a light bulb type fluorescent lamp equipped with silver 13 as an example.

This is the curve shown. , 0 In contrast to both curves in FIG. 4, due to the arrangement of silver.

It can be seen that the rise time of the luminous flux has been greatly improved.

This example, like Example 1, has the same structure as the low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp having a double inner and outer tube structure shown in FIG. 1, except for the 5 minute portion near the electrodes.

In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 5, which is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the electrode, the electrode supporting conductor 7 is plated with silver.

Even with this structure, the luminous flux rise characteristics are as follows.

It was as shown by the solid line 15 in Figure 4. In other words, the supporting conductor 7 of electrode A is mercury.

Use something plated with silver, a metal with strong affinity.

By using this, the rise time of the luminous flux was greatly improved.

According to this embodiment, it is sufficient to plate the electrode supporting conductor, so compared to the case of the first embodiment, silver is used.

This reduces the hassle of installing lamps in the lamp manufacturing process.

This contributes to shortening the time and reducing costs. , 0 Note that, as a matter of course, similar effects were obtained when silver was used as the material for the electrode support conducting wire 7.

Embodiment This embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to a fluorescent lamp having an H-type structure as shown in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 6, which shows a cross section of a portion near the electrodes of the discharge tube in which the inner surface of the I-I type discharge tube 8 is coated with the phosphor 5, a support rod is placed near the electrode B. 12, silver 13 was disposed via the electrode support conductor 7. The resulting rise characteristics of the lamp luminous flux were as represented by the solid line 15 in FIG.

T-saw, electrode support conductor 7 is silver-plated.

The same applies to those using silver and those using silver as a material.

It had similar effects.

In Examples 1 to 6 described above, silver 5 was disposed near the electrodes. Silver is placed near the electrode.

By doing so, the double tube structure is still the coldest of the H-shaped structure.

The reason why the rise characteristic of the luminous flux of the lamp with the metal part has been improved is due to silver's strong affinity with mercury. It evaporates quickly due to heat radiation, etc. and becomes an arc tube.

This is because it fills the inside. Therefore, not only silver but also mercury.

Metals that have an affinity for magnesium and aluminium.

Mu, calcium, copper, zinc, kermanium, arsenic, selenium, strontium, cadmium, indium, tin, antimony, tellurium, barium, lanthanum, cesium, praseodymium, europium, ytterbium,
Gold, thallium, lead, bismuth, polonium, or alloys containing these metals (including alloys of silver) can provide a similar effect. Where is the metal that collects the mercury?

It is not necessarily limited to the vicinity of the electrode.

The same applies if the location is directly heated by discharge plasma.

The following effects can be obtained.

Example 45 In this example, the present invention is applied to a double pipe structure.

This is an example.

Referring to the sectional view of FIG. 7, an electrode 6 is connected to one end of each of the two bent inner tubes 4 whose inner surfaces are coated with a phosphor 5 in the outer tube 1. It is sealed to the outer tube base part 2 so as to be located in the In inner tube together with the supporting conductor 7.

The other end was installed so as to open into the outer tube. .

After exhausting the entire outer tube 1 through the exhaust pipe 26,

Torr of rare gas and a small amount of mercury were sealed. and.

In this lamp, there is a wire approximately 3 mm near the electrode B.

Titanium metal plate 27, which is a metal to which mercury easily adheres.

Arranged.

A comparison test was conducted by blinking 20 lamps of this example and 20 lamps of the prior art in which titanium metal plates were attached.

The lamp of this example still contains a small amount of mercury even after it is turned off.

It is attached to the metal plate 27, so it is listed in Table 1.

A difference in lighting probability was observed as shown.

From the results shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that the device according to this example can be turned on regardless of the blinking conditions. Note that the material of the metal plate 27 is a stable metal.

If so, use general getter materials such as T+ and Zr.

It has been confirmed that it can be used.

Thus, according to the invention, a light bulb type fluorescent lamp is provided.

Regardless of the progress of lighting, mercury is less likely to be unevenly distributed or present in the lamp, which has the effect of always maintaining constant startability.

As is clear from the above explanation, the effect of applying the present invention to a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp having a structure in which the coldest part of the tube wall that determines the mercury vapor pressure is located in a position that is not directly heated by the discharge plasma is This is extremely significant.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a sectional view of a light bulb type fluorescent lamp, which is a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a double inner and outer tube structure. 5. FIG. 2 is a partially sectional side view of a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp of type II structure. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view showing a cross section of an electrode portion of an embodiment of a light bulb/type fluorescent lamp with a double tube structure to which the present invention is applied. Figure 4 shows luminous flux versus elapsed time after lamp startup. It is a graph showing the relative value of. FIG. 5 shows a light bulb with a double tube structure to which the present invention is applied. Fig. 3 shows a cross section of an electrode portion of another embodiment of the type fluorescent lamp. This is an enlarged view. 15 FIG. 6 is a side view showing a cross section of an electrode portion of an I-T type low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 7 is a sectional view of another embodiment of a double tube structure self-ballasted fluorescent lamp to which the present invention is applied. 1... Outer tube 2... Outer tube base 6...
・Diffusion film 4... Inner tube 5... Fluorescent material
6... Electrode 7... Electrode support conductor wire 8.
...) Type 4 discharge tube. 12...Support rod 16...Silver 26...Exhaust pipe 27...Titanium metal plate 5A, B.
... Saireibubu representative patent attorney Junnosuke Nakamura 0 5 Fig. 1 ↓ t''21 Fig. 3 4 checkpoints, nacho 4 hair spout A confrontation (now) Spear 5 μs Continuation of the 1st page 0 shots Author: Shigeo Mikoshiba, Hitachi, Ltd. Central Research Laboratory, 280 Higashi-Koigakubo-chome, Kokubunji City, Hitachi, Ltd. Author: Akira Murayama, Hitachi, Ltd. Central Research Laboratory, 280 Higashi-Koigakubo-chome, Kokubunji City

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A pair of five electrodes are installed inside a glass tube forming an airtight space, and several Torr of rare gas and a small amount of mercury are sealed in the glass tube, and a discharge plasma is generated.・A tube that determines mercury vapor pressure in a location that is not directly heated. Mercury in a discharge lamp with a cold wall section. A low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp characterized in that a metal having a strong affinity for mercury or a metal 1° to which mercury easily adheres is arranged near the electrode. (2) The discharge lamp has an outer glass tube that forms an airtight space, and has at least one inner tube inside the outer tube, and one end of the inner tube is connected to one of the electrodes. Claim 1: The electrode is positioned in the tube together with the conductive wire supporting the electrode and sealed to the base of the outer tube, and the other end of the inner tube is opened to the space. Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps as described in . (6) The metals that have a strong affinity with mercury include magnesium, aluminum, calcium, copper, and zinc. Germanium, arsenic, selenium, storon-F-ram,'
Silver, cadmium, indium, tin, antimony, barium, lanthanum, cesium, praseodium, europium, ytterbium, gold, pentathallium, lead, bismuth, polonium, and more. Claim 1, which is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of alloys containing the following metals. Or the low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp described in paragraph 2. (4) The above-mentioned metal having a strong affinity with mercury is the above-mentioned metal. The low voltage according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is disposed very close to the conductive wire that supports the electrode, or the conductive wire is peeled off with the metal. Mercury vapor discharge lamp. (5) The reason for disposing the metal having a strong affinity for mercury near the electrode 5 is that it is used as a material for the conductive wire supporting the electrode. A low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp described in . (6) The metal to which mercury easily adheres is a general getter material such as titanium or zirconium.
Low-pressure mercury vapor as described in paragraph 2. discharge lamp. (7) The electrode is made of a metal to which mercury easily sticks. Place it nearby in front of a metal plate to which mercury easily adheres. Claim 1
Low-pressure mercury vapor/diffusion lamps as described in Item 2 and Item 6.