JPS5951130A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively utilize the energy of combustion gas so as to improve the efficiency of internal combustion engine by determining the expansion ratio at an expansion part larger than the compression ratio at a compression part in a double scroll mechanism. CONSTITUTION:The side of moving and stationary blades 7 and 8 forms a compression part which performs the compressive action while the side of moving and stationary blades 9 and 10 forms an expansion part which performs the expansive action. The mixture of fuel and air is sucked from a suction port I into a compressor sucking space II and then fed by the blades 7 and 8 into a compression chamber III. Thereafter, the mixture is exploded and burnt by an ignition plug 12 in an enclosed chamber IV which is defined between the blades 9 and 10 to revolve a main shaft 1. The expansion ratio at the expansion part is predetermined to be greater than the compression ratio at the compression part. The energy of combustion gas may be thus effectively utilized, hence improving the efficiency of internal combustion engine.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine using a scroll mechanism. Conventionally, reciprocating or rotary type internal combustion engines have been exclusively used as positive displacement internal combustion engines, but these engines perform the functions of intake, compression, ignition, and expansion in the same chamber. It is characterized by being exposed. This seems reasonable, but since the stroke volume of the piston is the same for both compression and expansion, especially in the expansion process after ignition, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas in the cylinder must be sufficiently thick. The piston reaches F dead center before it fully expands to near atmospheric pressure, and therefore, high-pressure gas is released outside the machine. This is a phenomenon that occurs because the stroke volume of the engine is constant, and although the volume of compressed gas and the volume of combustion gas are originally different, in order to operate within the same volume U'', As for the combustion gas, the bleed valve opens when the operating pressure remains, and energy is wasted into the atmosphere. Figure 1 shows this relationship in terms of changes in engine cylinder volume and internal pressure. This is a pressure car volume diagram (also called a p-vei 1 diagram or an indicator diagram) as shown in Figure 1.The figure shows the case of a generally used electric ignition gasoline engine, which is called an otto cycle (more The air-fuel mixture sucked into the cylinder in state a is compressed to point b, where it is ignited and the pressure inside the air becomes C.
It suddenly goes up and down in meaning. Then, while pushing the piston, it expands and reaches point d. At this point, as shown in the figure, even though the IF force is higher than atmospheric pressure, the piston does not move back any further, so it is ejected from point d toward atmospheric pressure. Therefore, as mentioned above, it has the disadvantage of wastefully emitting energy. In order to eliminate these drawbacks of the conventional ones, the inventors have developed a mechanism in which the gas at point d continues to expand (
';] 1. We focused on the fact that the engine reaches point e in the figure and is emitted into the atmosphere, so the amount of work performed by the engine increases by the area deaO, and based on the knowledge obtained during the above research, this book was developed. An invention has been made. The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the fundamental drawbacks of conventional internal combustion engines, especially positive displacement internal combustion engines such as reciprocating type, rotary type, etc.
The purpose is to provide an internal combustion engine that is more efficient than conventional ones by effectively utilizing the energy of combustion gas. Another object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine that is relatively smaller in size than conventional positive displacement internal combustion engines, and has a long life with less wear on sliding parts. The present invention is provided with two sets of scroll mechanisms each consisting of two spiral scroll blades that perform relative translational circular motion, the first scroll mechanism is configured to perform a compression action and is used as a compression section, and the second scroll mechanism is configured to perform a compression action. The scroll mechanism is configured to perform an expansion action to serve as an expansion section, the expansion ratio of the expansion section is set larger than the compression ratio of the compression section, the operations of the compression section and the expansion section are interlocked, and the compression section communicates the discharge port of the expansion section with the suction port of the expansion section, and guides the mixture of fuel and air compressed in the compression section to the expansion section for explosive combustion;
The internal combustion engine is characterized in that power is extracted from the expansion section. A major feature of the present invention is that the compression section and the expansion section are separated to form completely different stroke volumes. In order to achieve this, a known mechanism called a scroll fluid machine was introduced. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to Figure 1. Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operating principle of a scroll fluid machine, in which a spiral movable blade 7 and a fixed blade 8 are engaged as shown in the figure. The fixed blade 8 is fixed, and the movable blade 7 is formed to perform relative movement while maintaining contact with the fixed blade 8. At the signal (at), the movable blade 7 and the fixed blade 8 are , C, and D, and the inhalation gas is trapped in the space formed by diagonal 11J. (b
1 indicates a position where the movable blade 7 moves counterclockwise while maintaining its relative attitude with respect to the fixed blade 8, and the hatched space is compressed as the movable blade 7 moves counterclockwise. Contact points A, B, C, and D have moved approximately 90°. Furthermore, in (cl), the movable vane 7 is moved approximately 180 degrees from the position (8) to 1, and the hatched space is further compressed.And (dl), due to the movement of the movable vane 7, the suction gas in the hatched space is The compressed gas is sent out to the N-hole 13 that is perpendicular to the plane of the paper.Then, gas is newly sucked in from the outer periphery of the spiral blade, and the state returns to al and the next cycle begins.The points to note here are (,) Space 15 with the same shape exists at a position exactly axially symmetrical to space 14, which is compressed toward the center in the same way as space 14, and space 14.15 becomes At the same time, the gas is sent to the through hole] 3. The above is an explanation of gas compression, but this scroll mechanism can be used conversely as an expansion engine. If the gas in the line 1 is a combustion gas with pressure, then (dl→(el→()
After the process of bl→(at, the gas moves the moving blade 7 while expanding, and is released from the outer circumferential portion to the atmosphere. During this time, power can be generated by the movement of the moving blade 7. In this way, the scroll fluid A machine can perform compression or expansion by combining two fixed and movable spiral blades, but the compression ratio, that is, the volume when gas is taken in, and the volume when it is discharged The volume ratio changes depending on the number of turns of the spiral.This is exactly the same for the opposite expansion ratio.In the case of Fig. 5, the movable blade 7 and the fixed blade Aid 8 are used for convenience of explanation. They are each drawn with approximately 1.5 turns, but according to calculations, when the number of turns is 3, the IF compression ratio is approximately 4.32.If the number of turns is increased to 4.5, the compression ratio is approximately 6.5. By taking advantage of the flaw length that can change the volume ratio of compression or expansion 1r,'J by changing the number of turns, it is possible to construct an internal combustion engine with n5;1 light on the side.21'!, Figure 3 is the rotation 1 of the engine according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- A cross-sectional view including the main i11+ 1, the main ill1l11
A large gear 2 is provided with f=1 gear, and meshes with a small gear 3. Since the small gear 3 is attached to the eccentric shaft 4, the eccentric shaft 4 rotates at a faster speed than the rotational speed of the main shaft 1. This eccentric shaft 4 is provided with an eccentric cam 5', which is in contact with the movable vane mirror plate 5, and the forceps/plate 5 is connected to the axis C of the main shaft 1.
It is designed to move in a translational circular motion around the . σ is a reverse eccentric cam that is popular as a countermeasure for balancing the eccentric cam 5', and maintains dynamic balance when the eccentric shaft 4 rotates at high speed by eccentrically rotating the balance weight 6. A scroll-type compression movable blade 7 is attached to one side of the end plate 5 and engages with a fixed blade 8, and a movable expansion blade 9 is similarly attached to the opposite side and fixed blade 10.
They are interlocked. Both fixed vanes 8.10 are mounted on the casing 11, and the moving and fixed vanes 7.9
The moving and fixed blades 7 and 8 side have a compression section that performs a compression action according to the principle of the scroll fluid machine described above.
Moving and fixed vanes9. The lO side is an expansion part that performs an expansion action. To see this from the axial direction, see A- in Figure 1.
The cross-sectional views taken along the planes A and B-B are shown in Figures 4 and 5, respectively.
As shown in the figure. That is, Fig. 4 shows the scroll blade of the compressor, and Fig. 5 shows the expansion-like sphincter.

Figure 4 also shows the end plate 5 and the eccentric shaft 4 having an eccentric cam 5' that engages with the mirror 1. In Fig. 4, the movable blade 7 is attached to the @15 plate 5, and the nail and the guide q' that slides on the upper F2 ker r9r and the four-core cam 5' are integrally attached to the plate 5. As the eccentric shaft 4 rotates, the eccentric cam 5' rotates, and as a result, the mirror plate 5 maintains its vertical direction via the guide 5''.
Rotate and move the length of center iI 11C. In FIG. 4, the number of turns of the blades 7 and 8 is approximately three. 2JN In Figure 5, since the moving blade 9 is attached to r7 & 5, the moving blade 9 moves along with the turning movement of 5.
performs a relative movement with respect to the fixed blades 10, forming a scrolling machine. In Figure 5, the winding number of blades 9 and 10 is approximately 4+, and the moving and fixed blades 7 in Figure 4 are drawn.
, 8 has more windings than the others, and the spiral direction is opposite. In order to make such a 4M-built fluid machine work as an internal combustion engine, as shown in Fig. 3, a nail 1;
l (l TL ) 3 is provided, and the expander side fixing '1-
The spark plug 12 is provided near the center of the plate 17. The operation of this mechanism is as follows. The mixture of fuel and air is sucked into the compressor suction space ■ from the intake port ■ formed with the outer periphery of the plate 16 fixed on the compressor side ← casing ] l, and the chain plate 5 is drawn in the center of Fig. 4. When a turning movement is performed in the direction of the arrow, the moving and fixed blades 7,
8 compresses it toward the center and sends it into the compression chamber (2). Since the compression chamber 111 is connected to the expansion side compression chamber I through the through hole 3, the compressed air-fuel mixture flows between the movable blade 9 and the fixed blade 10 as the expansion side movable blade 9 eccentrically rotates. The confinement chamber formed by contacting the confinement at its innermost end 1. The spark plug in the phase immediately after the IV is closed]
2 to 71+πt, ignite the compressed air-fuel mixture, and cause it to explode and burn. As a result, the combustion gas expands toward the outer periphery of the expander while rotating the movable blade 9, so that the end plate 5 eccentrically rotates to create a new peak of 1°.
The main shaft 1 is rotated by rotating the gears 3 and 2. After combustion, the exhaust gas is transferred to the expansion part, (+111exhaust space which is the outer peripheral chamber)
; FT', one of which is fixed, from the first publication Vl on board 17, it should be used outside the box. In addition, the first partition chamber Vll formed on the outer periphery of the eccentric shaft 4 and the casing 11, and the gear space II in which the gear 2.3 is stored, are as follows:
It is isolated from the above-mentioned air-fuel mixture or exhaust gas, and by sealing in some lubricating oil, it is possible to lubricate each part. In this way, in the internal combustion engine of the present invention [in Part 1, the air-fuel mixture compression mechanism and the explosion furnace combustion gas expansion mechanism are of the same O
L・Separately installed back to back on both sides of the board,
The dimensions of each mechanism can be arbitrarily determined according to the compression ratio and expansion ratio of E. This means that in the Seikle diagram of Figure 21 mentioned earlier, the compression mechanism is installed with a stroke volume of @ - + l) dimension, and the stroke volume of the 4μ side of L, N, is the row iso volume of C → e. Compared to the conventional piston type, in which compression and expansion operate at the same volume ratio, the combustion gas is It is 01 that can cause extra work to be done and is harmful to improving the efficiency of internal combustion engines. With the present invention, it is possible to increase allowances without increasing fuel consumption, reduce fuel consumption during work, and provide a highly efficient and compact engine for light vehicles. It is possible to achieve extremely great practical effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a p-v diagram of the internal combustion engine, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the scroll mechanism, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.
! Figures 4 and 5 are lines A-A and B- of Figure 3, respectively.
FIG. 1... Main shaft, 2... Large gear, 3... Small gear, 4 - Eccentricity iq: +, 5... End plate, 5' eccentric cam, 5''... Guide, 6... Balance weight, 6'... Reverse eccentric cam, 7... Moving blade, 8... Fixed blade, 9... Moving blade, 1
0...Fixed blade, 11. Casing, ]2nd
...Ignition plug, 13..Through hole, 4th...Space,
15...Space, 16...Fixed vane mirror plate, ]7th...Fixed vane mirror plate, ■...Intake port, ■...Intake space, 11...
Compression chamber, ■...Confinement chamber, ■...Between exhaust walls, Vl
...exhaust port, ■...partition room, Vt...gear room. Patent applicant Ebara Corporation Iri1! Patent Attorney Go Hatayama - Same
Thousand 1) Minoru vb
(v) (a) (b) busy) (d)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Two sets of scroll mechanisms each consisting of two spiral scroll blades that perform a relative translational circular motion are provided, and the first scroll mechanism is formed into a coffin so as to perform a compression action, and serves as a compression section. None, the second scroll mechanism is configured to perform an expansion action to serve as an expansion section, the expansion ratio of the expansion section is set larger than the compression ratio of the compression section, and the operations of the compression section and the expansion section are linked. The discharge port of the compression section and the suction port of the expansion section are communicated, and the mixture of fuel and air compressed in the compression section is guided to the expansion section for explosive combustion, and power is generated from the expansion section. An internal combustion engine housing I characterized by being able to take out the engine. 2. The first and second scroll mechanisms each include a fixed scroll blade and a movable scroll blade, and the movable scroll blades of the second and second scroll mechanisms form one pot (1
The inner furnace 5 (engine) according to claim 3, which is provided on the front and back of the plate.