JPS5945329B2 - Method and device for pacifying sardines - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and a device for calming the agitation of sardines during sardine farming, and its purpose is to reduce the agitation of sardines (a group of sardines making noise and swimming in a disorderly manner). The objective is to prevent death due to peeling off of scales, damage, etc. caused by contact between fish bodies and fish tanks or fish nets, or between fish bodies when swimming in the state (state).

In general, sardines are weak and sensitive fish that are easily agitated by external stimuli such as human handling, and their scales may peel off.
(hereinafter referred to as descaling) and damage.

In the past, we only tried to avoid irritating people as much as possible, and when they became agitated, we did not have the means to calm them down.

Especially on bonito pole and line fishing boats, when the sardines that are used as bait are stored in the boat's aquarium, it is said that they tend to become agitated if the tank is dark, so one or more 60W incandescent light bulbs are usually installed in the tank.
Two are installed.

However, this is still not enough, and temperature changes,
They become agitated due to stimuli such as sounds and vibrations, and a large number of fish gather at the opening (batch area) of the aquarium, often resulting in large numbers of fish dying due to descaling, injury, etc.

Also, large numbers of fish gather at the aquarium opening at sunset and sunrise.
May cause death.

In particular, sardines tend to become agitated for several days after being kept in an aquarium, when they are cultured at high density, or when they are under stress due to temperature changes or deterioration of water quality.

Conventionally, in such cases, the method of intimidating the fish by sprinkling seawater over the opening is to confine the fish in a large space within the tank to prevent them from being descaled or injured while waiting for the fish to calm down.

The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive experiments to actively suppress the agitation of sardines and prevent the occurrence of agitation. By changing the quality of the light to blue-white and keeping the amount of light energy received within the cultivation water area above a certain value,
Surprisingly, he discovered that sardines, which had previously been in an agitated state, immediately returned to a normal calm state, and even in response to some external stimuli, they did not become agitated, and the mortality rate was kept extremely low. invention has been achieved.

In other words, the present invention provides a method for reducing the amount of light energy received in the sardine cultivation water area to at least the minimum sedating light amount.
Fluorescent discharge lamp, mercury lamp, iodine bulb or 380-550n
The present invention relates to a method for pacifying sardines, characterized by irradiating light into a culture water area using an incandescent bulb as a light source equipped with a filter that transmits light in the wavelength range of m, and an aquarium in which the method is carried out.

The minimum sedating light amount mentioned here is the lowest light amount that allows sardines to maintain a stable turning swimming state, and is usually 100
It is known that it is about erg/7·min.

In particular, in the present invention, the amount of received light energy is 300erg/(
1'77!・When it is more than min, a remarkable effect is exhibited.

The light source used to carry out the present invention is preferably a fluorescent discharge lamp (hereinafter abbreviated as a fluorescent lamp), a mercury lamp, or an iodine lamp, and is equipped with a filter that transmits light in the wavelength range of 380 to 550 nm. Incandescent light bulbs (hereinafter abbreviated as filtered incandescent lights) can also be used.

Further, each of these light sources can be used in combination, and a conventional incandescent light bulb can also be used in combination.

The above-mentioned iodine light bulb is a lamp with a structure in which a tungsten filament is stretched in a thin silica glass tube, and iodine is sealed together with argon gas.

The above-mentioned fluorescent lamp is a type of low-pressure discharge lamp containing mercury vapor, and has a structure in which a fluorescent substance excited by the line spectrum of mercury emits visible light.

Fluorescent lamps can be broadly classified into hot cathode preheated fluorescent lamps, slim line type fluorescent lamps, cold cathode type fluorescent lamps, and special fluorescent lamps, but those that emit a large amount of light in the visible region are preferred.

The above-mentioned mercury lamps include low-pressure mercury lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, and ultra-high-pressure mercury lamps, but those that emit a large amount of light in the visible region are preferred, and in the practice of the present invention, fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamps are particularly preferred.

The above-mentioned filter may be of any type as long as it transmits light with a wavelength of 380 to 550 nm well and absorbs light with a wavelength of 550 nm or more. There are filters and color filters.

The light irradiation method in the present invention may be any method, and the light source may be placed in the aquarium in which sardines are cultivated or in the water of the fish, or the light source may be placed on the water surface and turned on. good.

Observation of the behavior of sardines in the culture tank revealed that they tend to become frightened and move around violently when there is darkness.

Therefore, it is preferable to illuminate the water area almost uniformly so as not to cause localized or uneven darkness within the water area.

Therefore, the light source used is preferably placed above the culture tank or approximately on the center line of the water body, or inside the water body.

It is also possible to arrange the light sources evenly around the water body, or to use them together with light sources on the center line.

Sardines to which the present invention can be applied are generally referred to as sardines, and include those belonging to the Ancholine family such as Japanese sardines, the Ancholine family such as Anchovies and Japanese sardines, and the Herring family such as Sardines. , has a particularly remarkable effect on fish of the Ancholine family.

The method of the invention is particularly suitable for highly densely packed fish tanks.
The preferred packing density is 10 to 4 oK, which has a remarkable effect.
I! /m8, particularly preferably in the range of 15 to 309/m3.

A typical example of such a high-density storage tank is the Spanish eel fish tank used in bonito pole-and-line fishing boats.

In addition to the above, preferred fields in which the method of the present invention may be utilized include sardine transport vessels, sardine storage ikements or tanks at sea or on land.

Even in these fields, the effects of the present invention are particularly large in the case of high-density accommodation.

Next, regarding the aquarium of the present invention, the attached drawings (Figures 1 and 2)
This will be explained using Figure).

The aquarium of the present invention includes an aquarium container 4 having a batch part 3, a light source such as a fluorescent lamp, a mercury lamp, or an incandescent lamp with a filter (in the attached drawings, a fluorescent lamp 1 with a reflector and a mercury lamp 6), and the light source are connected to the aquarium container. What is the shape of the aquarium container of the present invention, which is composed of fixed support parts (in the attached drawings, the fluorescent lamp fixed support part 2, the mercury lamp fixed support parts 5 and 8, and the mercury lamp fixing rope 7)? It may also be from.

The type and position of the light source are as described above,
When installing the light source underwater, a device to protect the light source may be attached as necessary, such as attaching a waterproof cover.

The fixed support part may be of any type as long as it can achieve the purpose of stably irradiating the light from the light source into the aquarium.

Preferred fields in which the aquarium of the present invention is utilized include breeding aquariums on bonito pole-and-line fishing vessels and on vessels transporting Japanese eagles.

As described above, the present invention works on the physiology and ecology of sardines and has the effect of keeping them in a resting state, and is extremely effective in preventing death due to agitation of sardines induced by external stimuli. demonstrate.

In particular, by applying the present invention to sardines used as active parts for bonito pole and line fishing, it is possible to suppress the turbulence of the sardines after they are loaded into the inboard aquarium, and to prevent death due to this.

Furthermore, the effects of the present invention are tremendous when the sardines are subjected to great stress, for example when trying to farm them at high density, or when storing them in aquarium water with a large temperature difference from the open sea.

Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be shown by Examples.

Example 1 Anchovies (average weight: 5 g/fish), which were trapped live in a ike in the sea for about 5 days after being caught by fixed net fishing, were placed in 60 to 9 pieces, with a volume of about 3.3 m8 (1.5 m x 1.5 m x 1.5 m). 5
The fish were housed in a rectangular aquarium (m), and the swimming state of the fish was observed through a viewing window provided at the top opening and the side.

First, as a comparative example, one 40W incandescent lamp was hung in the center of the aquarium as shown in Figure 2, and with it turned on, the side wall of the aquarium was struck to shake it up, and the time until it came to a resting state was measured. However, it took about 7 minutes.

Next, a 20W daylight color fluorescent light with a reflector was placed above the water surface at the opening of the aquarium, and after stirring the sardines in the same manner as above, the fluorescent light was turned on. The patient was in a state of rest.

Then, when we shocked the sardines in the same way as above, with the incandescent lights in the water turned off and only the fluorescent lights on the water surface turned on, we noticed that some of the fish only changed their swimming direction immediately after the impact. It immediately returned to its normal resting state.

(This means that when the sardines are agitated while the fluorescent light is on, the tranquilizing effect of the fluorescent light is greater than when the sardines are agitated and then turned on.

) The above shows that the light emitted from the fluorescent lamp has a significant calming effect on sardines.

Note that the above experiment was conducted in a dark place where there is almost no influence of external light such as sunlight.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned resting state refers to a state in which a group of sardines stably swims uniformly in one direction at a constant angular velocity.

Examples 2 to 5 A water tank with a volume of approximately 3.37713 (1.5 m
The light source shown in Table 1 was installed in the position shown in Table 1 in a rectangular aquarium measuring 1.5 m x 1.5 m), 80 or more anchovies were housed, and a peephole was installed at the top opening and side of the tank. The swimming state of the fish was observed through the window (the anchovy mentioned above was the same as in Example 1).

Within 2 days after storage, differences from the comparative example were examined using the following two methods.

■ Steady swimming state was observed with the light source turned on.

■ With the light source turned on, the animals were shaken by striking the side wall of the aquarium, and the time until they returned to a resting state was measured.

(Note that the above-mentioned resting state is the same as in Example 1.) As in Actual Example 1, the experiment was conducted in a dark place where there was almost no influence of external light such as sunlight.

Table 2 shows the observation results.

Further, Table 3 shows the minimum amount of received light energy calculated from the minimum illuminance on the wall of the aquarium.

The above shows that light from fluorescent pairs, mercury lamps, iodine bulbs, and filtered incandescent lamps installed to provide more than the minimum sedating light amount has a significant sedating effect on sardines.

Example 6: Bait for a 430-ton bonito pole-and-line fishing boat in a sardine culture tank (capacity: approximately 2
3mB) is shown below.

Two 40W fluorescent mercury lamps were suspended from the center of the tank in the same manner as in Examples 3 to 5, and 410 anchovies (accommodation density: 18 Kq/m8) were housed.

As a comparative example, two 60W incandescent lamps were hung and lit in another similar fish tank in the same manner as in the example, and 41 anchovies were harvested.
0 to (accommodation density 18 to 7/m3) was accommodated.

(The anchovies mentioned above were caught in fixed net fishing and then kept alive in a cage in the sea for a week, with an average weight of 411 kg.
/ tail) After storage, differences from the comparative example were observed from the following two points of view.

■ Swimming status of sardines at dusk and at night ■ Mortality rate up to 3 days after captivity The results are shown in Table 4.

Furthermore, Table 5 shows the amount of received light energy calculated from the minimum illuminance on the wall of the aquarium.

The above shows that the light of the mercury lamp installed so that the amount of light is equal to or higher than the minimum sedating light amount has a significant sedating effect on sardines.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGS. 1 and 2 are vertical sectional views showing an example of the apparatus of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Transmit light from a fluorescent discharge lamp, mercury lamp, iodine lamp, or a wavelength range of 380 to 55 QHm so that the amount of light energy received in the sardine cultivation area is at least the minimum amount of sedating light. A method for pacifying sardines, which is characterized by irradiating light into an aquarium using an incandescent light bulb equipped with a filter as a light source. 2 The amount of received light energy is 300 erg/cIIL-
yym or more, the method according to claim 1. 3. Will the storage density of sardines in the farming area increase from 10 to 40?
/m". 4. A fluorescent discharge lamp, a mercury lamp, an iodine lamp, or a 380~ A culture tank for transporting sardines, characterized in that an incandescent light bulb equipped with a filter that transmits light in a wavelength range of 550 nm is installed as a light source.