JPS5943719B2 - heat storage device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a heat storage device that collects and stores heat from various heating fluids (waste gas, heated waste water, etc.) each exhibiting various temperatures. Various waste heat utilization systems have been developed for this purpose.

The first issues that arise when developing a waste heat utilization system include the scale of the waste heat generation source, temporal fluctuations in the amount of waste heat generation, and the distance between the waste heat generation source and the waste heat utilization equipment.

Immediately (3) When trying to utilize waste heat, if the scale of the waste heat generation source is too small and the amount of waste heat generated is small, it may be difficult to install waste heat utilization equipment compared to the economic effect of waste heat recovery. The cost required will be relatively high, and even if there are many waste heat generating needles, if the waste heat is not obtained constantly but is generated intermittently, Even if heat utilization equipment is installed, its utilization rate is low (eventually, it becomes unprofitable).

In addition, if the distance between the waste heat generation source and the equipment that requires the waste heat is very large, there will be a lot of energy loss when trying to transfer the waste heat in the form of thermal energy; If one were to convert the energy into electrical energy and then transfer it, there were problems such as the need for large-scale auxiliary equipment such as generators and generators.

Therefore, most of the waste heat utilization equipment that has been developed in the past has been installed in places where waste heat can be obtained on a large scale and constantly, such as power plants and steel mills. Waste heat emitted from small-scale boilers, various heating furnaces, reactors, waste incinerators, etc. used in Not done.

Furthermore, in the case of small-scale waste heat generation sources such as small-scale boilers, various heating furnaces, reactors, and waste incinerators as mentioned above, the amount of waste heat generated individually is small, but the number The number of waste heat sources is incomparably greater than the number of power plants and steel mills mentioned above, and the total amount of waste heat released from these small-scale or waste heat generation sources whose waste heat generation amount fluctuates over time is enormous. It was assumed that such a large amount of thermal energy would be used, and it would be extremely wasteful to not use it.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems with the waste heat utilization system, the present applicant has provided a new heat storage device that can first store heat at any location and radiate it at another location. .

9 The gist of this heat storage device is that a substance that absorbs and releases heat through phase change or chemical reaction is sealed in a heat storage body, and the heat storage body is detachably installed in a heat exchanger in a high-temperature waste gas passage. This device is configured to absorb heat into the body and then take it out.This device generates a small amount of waste heat, has temporal fluctuations in the amount of waste heat generated, or detects the source of waste heat. It is not possible to construct waste heat utilization equipment (integrated equipment from waste heat recovery to utilization) due to reasons such as the absence of equipment requiring waste heat in the vicinity of It is possible to recover the thermal energy emitted from the inconsistent waste heat generation source (wasteful), and since the heat storage body itself is detachable, the recovered heat can be used for example in energy centers etc. This waste heat can be used effectively if it is collected in a location different from the waste heat generating source that is most convenient for heat utilization.

By the way, the heat storage body used in this device is mainly one that is filled with a substance that absorbs heat through a phase change, that is, a substance A is brought into contact with a substance B that has a higher temperature than this substance. When equal, heat transfers due to the temperature difference from substance B, which has a high temperature, to substance A, which has a low temperature, and as a result, a part of the amount of heat that substance B has is absorbed and stored in substance A. At this time, the phase change temperature of substance A (
(melting point, boiling point, etc.), in addition to the sensible heat equivalent to the product of the temperature difference before and after heat storage and the specific heat, substance A will have stored latent heat during the phase change of the substance, and an extremely large amount of heat will have been stored in substance A. This system is designed to store as much thermal energy as possible even with a small amount of heat storage material that can be transported using this storage material.

According to such a heat storage device, a large amount of thermal energy can be efficiently stored, compared to a heat storage device such as a hot blast furnace used in blast furnace equipment, which stores heat simply by utilizing the specific heat of a substance (brick). becomes possible.

However, even in this heat storage device, if the temperature of the waste heat generation source is significantly higher than the phase change of the heat storage material, the amount of latent heat stored in this material relative to the total amount of heat stored in the heat storage material will increase. The ratio of the amount of heat being absorbed was low, and it was not always possible to store heat efficiently.

That is, for example, water at about 25°C is used as the heat storage material,
If heat is exchanged with waste gas having a temperature of about 110℃, the water will eventually turn into steam at about 110℃, and one gram of water will contain sensible heat (100-25℃) up to the boiling point. )X
I (specific heat) - 75 cal・Latent heat at boiling (phase change) 53
8.8 cal, and sensible heat after boiling (110-100)
XI (specific heat) = 1. This results in heat storage of 623.5 cal, which is the sum of Ocal, but even if the temperature of the waste gas is increased to, for example, 330°C, or 3 times, the increase in heat storage will be due to the heat being converted into steam. Therefore, there was a problem in that the heat storage efficiency gradually decreased as the temperature of the waste gas was raised.

On the other hand, if the temperature of the waste gas is lower than the phase change temperature of the heat storage material, the amount of heat stored is only a small amount of heat equivalent to the product of the specific heat and the temperature rise, and the heat storage material is short-lived. Another problem was that the temperature reached the temperature of the waste gas within a certain period of time, resulting in thermal saturation, and the latent heat during phase change could not be utilized at all for heat storage.

Therefore, the previously proposed heat storage device has the disadvantage that, for a large number of waste heat generation sources with different temperatures, it is necessary to select a heat storage material that is optimal for each temperature of the generation source. there were.

However, one of the purposes of the heat storage device proposed earlier was to
This is also common to waste heat generation sources that are distributed throughout the factory and only generate waste heat intermittently.
If an SR heat storage device is installed, it is portable and moved between waste heat generation sources, and used only when waste heat is generated, waste heat recovery can be made more efficient. O<It is extremely inconvenient to have to select a heat storage body depending on the temperature of the waste heat generation source.

Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems with the heat storage device previously proposed by the present applicant, the present inventor conducted intensive research to effectively solve the problems and came up with the present invention.

The object of the present invention is to effectively collect and store heat from various heating fluids (waste gas, hot waste water, etc.) each exhibiting a variety of temperatures, by adjusting the temperature of the heating fluid. To provide a device that can efficiently recover and store the amount of heat it contains regardless of the amount of heat it contains, and can also store as much heat as possible with a small amount of heat storage material.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heat storage device for recovering and storing heat from various heating fluids having various temperatures, including a heating fluid passage through which the various heating fluids pass, and a heating fluid passage. In order to recover and store the heat of the various heating fluids, a plurality of heat storage materials having different phase change temperatures are provided in a closed container formed to a size that can accommodate the heat fluid, and the heat storage materials are separated from the heat storage materials in the closed container for heating. A heat storage body provided with a heated fluid passage through which a fluid flows, and a housing body that detachably accommodates a plurality of the heat storage bodies and moves the heat storage body to selectively expose the heat storage bodies to the heated fluid passage. The above-mentioned problems are solved by providing a plurality of phase change temperatures which are different in hq to the heat storage body.

In other words, each substance has its own phase change temperature, and in general, the amount of heat absorbed as latent heat during a phase change is significantly greater than the amount of heat absorbed as sensible heat in any substance, and therefore, the amount of heat absorbed as sensible heat is significantly higher than the amount of heat absorbed as sensible heat. temperature range (Ta
-Tb) at appropriate intervals in multiple temperature ranges (
Ta=T, ), (T1-T2), (T3-T4)...
...(Tn to Tb), select one heat storage material having a phase change temperature within each range,
If a heat storage body is constituted by a plurality of heat storage materials having different phase change temperatures, it can be commonly used for waste heat sources at any temperature, and waste heat can be used as a heat storage material. The latent heat at each temperature and j
A large amount of heat can be efficiently used by dispersing and absorbing it.
Therefore, it is possible to provide a heat storage device that can absorb heat.6 Next, a preferred embodiment of the heat storage device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a heat storage body used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the same location, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the same location, and FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a heat storage device of the present invention accommodating the heat storage body of FIG. 1. , FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the heat storage device of the present invention that accommodates the heat storage bodies shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.As shown in FIG. It shows one solid R row of heat storage bodies to be used,
The illustrated heat storage body 1 consists of an airtight container 2 with a substantially fan-shaped cross section, and the interior thereof includes partition walls 3 a y 3 b and 3 C that are parallel to each other.
The chambers 4a, 4by4 are partitioned by and sealed respectively.
c t 4 d is formed.

In addition, the above-mentioned four chambers 4a, 4b, 4c are inside the airtight container 2.
, 4d are sequentially penetrated to form a large number of tube bodies 5, 5...
is inserted, and its inlet and outlet 5a, 5b are open to the outside of the container 2.

In the illustrated example, only a portion of the tube body 5 inside the container 2 is shown.

In the closed container 2 having the following configuration, that is, in the four chambers 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d, there are heat storage materials 16a, 6bt6c having mutually different phase change temperatures.

6d is satisfied.

These heat storage substances 5a, 6b. 6 c and 6 d are determined by considering the temperature range of the waste heat generation source that will be used in the heat storage body 1, for example, the temperature range of the waste heat generation source expected in advance (Ta=Tb ) in multiple (four in this example) temperature ranges (
Ta-T1), (to T1-T2), (T3-T4), (
6a, 6b, 5c by selecting a heat storage material having a phase change temperature within each range.

Determine 6d.

As the phase change temperature, various temperatures such as melting point, boiling point, and sublimation point can be used, but it is most suitable to use the melting point where the volume of the heat storage material does not change much before and after the phase change.

The heat storage body 1 shown in FIG. 2 is completely the same as the example shown in FIG. 1L except that the shape of the closed container 2 is a rectangular parallelepiped.

The heat storage body 1 shown in FIG. 3 is made by simply inserting a tube body 5 into a closed container 2 without providing a partition wall, and there is a temperature inside the closed container 2 that does not react with each other and has a phase change temperature. Various heat storage substances 13a) 13b t
13 e... is included.

, In this way, if the heat storage materials do not react with each other and have different phase change temperatures, then
[71, There is no sense of security in providing a partition wall as in the example shown in FIG.

Next, a heat storage device of the present invention using the heat storage bodies shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

FIG. 4 shows an example of heat recovery using the fan-shaped heat storage body 1 shown in FIG. The housing body 9 is housed in a removable manner and rotates about its center around a shaft 10.
FIG. 5 shows an example of heat recovery using the rectangular parallelepiped heat storage body 1 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. , a container 12 for accommodating a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped-shaped heat storage bodies 1 intersects with a duct 11 forming a heating fluid passage A, and a moving device 14 such as a cylinder is provided on the left and right sides of the container 12. The movement device 14 moves the heat storage bodies 1 alternately back and forth to expose the left and right heat storage bodies 1 into the heating fluid passage A. For example, after taking out the heat storage body 1 from the left storage body 12b as shown by the arrow, the right side The heat storage body 1 is housed in the storage body 12a as shown by the arrow 2, and the heat storage body 1 is moved into the object 11 by the moving device 14 on the right side.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail. 1. First, when a heating fluid such as waste gas flows through the tubes 5, 5 of the heat storage body 1 as shown in FIG. Heating fluid and heat storage material 6a through the wall.

Heat exchange is performed between 6b, 6c, and 6d.

3 When the heating fluid passes through the pipes 5, 5......
The heat storage objects 16a, 6b, 6c, and 6d are sequentially heated at a rate determined by their arrangement within the heat storage object 1 and their individual specific heats, and their temperatures rise.

Here, for example, if the temperature tg of &Qo thermal fluid is extremely high and higher than the heat storage material 6d which has the highest phase change temperature among the heat storage materials 6a, 6b y 6e, and 6d, the amount of heat possessed by the heating fluid is Substance 6a y 6b.

Heat is dispersed and stored mainly as latent heat during 6cy6d.

That is, as heat storage materials 6 aj 6 b, 5 c 7 e (10) people gradually reach a large phase change temperature as they are heated by a heating fluid, at that point they absorb a large amount of heat as latent heat and finally A high temperature determined by the temperature of the heating fluid is reached.

Therefore, the amount of heat stored in the heat storage body is significantly larger than that of the heat storage body made of a single heat storage material previously provided by the present applicant. b t 5 e -5d
If the phase change temperature of the heat storage body 6a, which has the lowest phase change temperature among the heat storage bodies 6a, is set to be lower than the expected lowest temperature of the heating fluid, the amount of heat held by the heating fluid is mainly transferred to the heat storage body 6a. The heat will be stored as latent heat.

This heat storage body 1 is housed in a housing case 9, 1 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
2. For heat recovery, for example, in a fan-shaped container 9 in FIG.

The heat storage body 1 is housed and one or more of them are exposed to the heating fluid passage A to exchange heat with the heating fluid, and when the temperature of the heat storage body 1 reaches a predetermined value, the housing body 9 is rotated. If so, a new heat storage body 1 can be brought into the heating fluid passage A without stopping the flow of the heating fluid.

In addition, if the heat storage body 1 after the heat storage has been recovered and stored is appropriately taken out and then a new heat storage body 1 is housed, almost continuous heat recovery can be performed.

Similarly, in the case of FIG. 5, the containers 1 on the left and right of the container 12
Heat can be recovered continuously by moving the heat storage body 1 from 2a and 12b to the intersection 4I'- and taking it out at 11N.

In addition, when extracting heat from the heat storage body 1 that has recovered and stored heat as described above, the heat storage body 1 that has recovered and stored heat is transported to a predetermined place where heat is required. If the fluid to be heated is made to flow through the heating fluid passage A using the heat storage body 1, the fluid to be heated can be heated by the heat storage body 1.

Incidentally, in the embodiment of the -1 lab, an example was shown in which waste gas was used as the thermal fluid, but it is of course possible to use not only waste gas but also various other fluids such as heated waste water and steam.

Furthermore, if suitable bacteria impurities are mixed into the heat storage material (iay6by6c, 6d), the phase change temperature can be finely adjusted.

In short, the present invention exhibits the following excellent effects.

(1) In recovering and storing heat from various heating fluids (waste gas, hot waste water, etc.) each exhibiting a variety of temperatures, each fluid has a phase change temperature (melting point, boiling point, sublimation point, etc.).
Since heat is recovered by a heat storage body having a plurality of heat storage materials with different temperatures, the heat storage material is selected according to the temperature of the fluid, and the amount of heat it has is mainly used as latent heat to be distributed and stored in several of the heat storage materials. This makes it possible to efficiently recover and store the amount of heat contained in the heating fluid regardless of the temperature of the heating fluid, and to store as much heat as possible with a small amount of heat storage material.

(2) The heat storage bodies are housed in multiple housing bodies in a removable manner, and the I
Heat can be continuously recovered from the heating fluid by selectively exposing the heating body to the heating fluid passage in the movement j~.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a heat storage body used in a heat storage device according to the present invention.
-- Figure 2 is a perspective view showing another example of the heat storage body, Figure 3 is a perspective view showing another example of the heat storage body, and Figure 4 is a heat storage according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing another embodiment of the heat storage device according to the present invention. In addition, [in the play, 1 is a heat storage body, 2 is a closed container, and 3a. 3b, 3e are partition walls, 4a> 4b y 4e y
4d is a chamber, 5 is a fluid passage, 6a, 6b)
6 cy 5 d yi3a, i3b, 13c are heat storage materials, 9 and 12 are containers, A is a heated fluid passage 1,

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A heat storage device that recovers and stores heat from various heating fluids having various temperatures, including a heating fluid passage through which the various heating fluids pass, and a heating fluid passageway large enough to be accommodated in the heating fluid passage. In order to collect and store the heat of the various heating fluids, a plurality of heat storage materials having different phase change bulks are provided in the closed container formed in the airtight container, and the heating fluid is separated from the heat storage materials in the closed container. a heat storage body provided with a fluid passage;
A heat storage device characterized by comprising a housing body that detachably houses a plurality of heat storage bodies and that moves the heat storage bodies to selectively expose the heat storage bodies to the heating fluid passage. 2. The heat storage body forms a plurality of chambers by providing a barrier in the closed container. A passage for the heated fluid passing through these chambers in turn is divided into the chambers, and each of the above chambers has a phase change temperature. 1. The heat storage device according to claim 1, which is formed by enclosing different materials. 3. The heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage body is formed by mixing substances that do not react with each other and have different phase change temperatures in a closed container containing a heating fluid. 4. The container is formed in a rotatable cylindrical shape, and the heat storage body is formed in a fan shape so as to be removably housed in the cylindrical container, and the rotation of the cylindrical container causes the - The heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein the housing body faces the heating fluid passage, and the housing body is formed in a rectangular shape to accommodate a rectangular parallelepiped heat storage body, and the heat storage body is reciprocated 1. The heat storage device according to claim 1, which is arranged so as to face the inside of the heating fluid passage.