JPS5941269B2 - rotating anode x-ray tube - Google Patents
rotating anode x-ray tubeInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5941269B2 JPS5941269B2 JP55105758A JP10575880A JPS5941269B2 JP S5941269 B2 JPS5941269 B2 JP S5941269B2 JP 55105758 A JP55105758 A JP 55105758A JP 10575880 A JP10575880 A JP 10575880A JP S5941269 B2 JPS5941269 B2 JP S5941269B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- anode
- ray tube
- rotating anode
- permanent magnets
- supporting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
- H01J35/101—Arrangements for rotating anodes, e.g. supporting means, means for greasing, means for sealing the axle or means for shielding or protecting the driving
- H01J35/1017—Bearings for rotating anodes
- H01J35/103—Magnetic bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0408—Passive magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0423—Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other
- F16C32/0429—Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other for both radial and axial load, e.g. conical magnets
- F16C32/0431—Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other for both radial and axial load, e.g. conical magnets with bearings for axial load combined with bearings for radial load
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
- F16C32/0476—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of one degree of freedom, e.g. axial magnetic bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
- F16C2300/40—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to environment, i.e. operating conditions
- F16C2300/62—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to environment, i.e. operating conditions low pressure, e.g. elements operating under vacuum conditions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2380/00—Electrical apparatus
- F16C2380/16—X-ray tubes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/02—Electrical arrangements
- H01J2235/023—Connecting of signals or tensions to or through the vessel
- H01J2235/0236—Indirect coupling, e.g. capacitive or inductive
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/10—Drive means for anode (target) substrate
- H01J2235/1026—Means (motors) for driving the target (anode)
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は磁気浮上形回転陽極X線管に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a magnetically levitated rotating anode X-ray tube.
従来採用されているボールベアリングに代えて回転陽極
を磁気により高速回転可能に支持する構造のX線管が提
案され公知である。従来提案されているものは、いずれ
も陽極電流を通すため真空容器を貫通する陽極端子と回
転陽極とを直接点接触する構造である、したがつて超高
速回転に対して適する磁気支持構造でありながら、この
陽極端子の接触点の摩耗と摩擦抵抗により所期の目的が
充分満されない不都合がある。本発明はこのような不都
合を解消するもので、回転陽極を磁気により完全に浮上
させ、陽極電流を非接触電流経路により流しうるように
した磁気浮上形回転陽極X線管を提供するものである。An X-ray tube having a structure in which a rotating anode is magnetically supported so as to be rotatable at high speed in place of the conventional ball bearing has been proposed and is known. All of the previously proposed structures have a structure in which the rotating anode is in direct point contact with the anode terminal that penetrates the vacuum vessel in order to conduct the anode current, and therefore are magnetic support structures suitable for ultra-high speed rotation. However, there is a disadvantage that the intended purpose cannot be fully satisfied due to wear and frictional resistance at the contact point of the anode terminal. The present invention solves these inconveniences by providing a magnetically levitated rotating anode X-ray tube in which the rotating anode is completely levitated by magnetism and the anode current can flow through a non-contact current path. .
以下、図面を参照してその実施例を説明する。なお同一
部分は同一符号であられす。第1図に示す実施例は、ガ
ラス、あるいはセラミックのような絶縁体真空容器11
が中央部を径大に両端を径小に形成されており、その内
部に回転陽極12が配設されている。Examples thereof will be described below with reference to the drawings. Identical parts are designated by the same reference numerals. The embodiment shown in FIG.
is formed with a large diameter at the center and small diameters at both ends, and a rotating anode 12 is disposed inside the anode.
なお真空容器は一部に金属を用いてもよい。回転陽極1
2は傘形のター、ゲット13、両側に延長されたシャフ
ト14、このシャフトに固定されたロータ15、ラジア
ル方向支持用永久磁石16、IT、スラスト方向支持用
永久磁石18、19がそれぞれ固定されている。一方、
真空容器11の一部には、ターゲット13に対向して陰
極構体20が設けられ、またターゲット13の位置を検
出するための位置検出器21が設けられている。他方、
容器11の外にはロータを回転させるためのステータコ
イル22が設けられている、またラジアル支持磁石16
、17に対応して設けられた永久磁石16a、1Ta、
および電磁石16b、17bが図に示すようにラジアル
方向にN、S極が位置するように配置されている。また
スラスト支持磁石18、19に対応して永久磁石18a
、19a)電磁石18b、19bがそれぞれ軸方向にN
、S極が位置するように設けられている。これら電磁石
は、ターゲット位置検出器21の位置表示信号で制御さ
れるように図示しない制御器で微細な回転陽極12の位
置を補正するものである。勿論各永久磁石の減磁を適当
に補うように機能することも当然である。さて回転陽極
12の一端面には内面に電子放射物層23が被着された
有底円筒状の支持体24がシャフトに電気的、機械的に
接続固定されている。Note that a part of the vacuum container may be made of metal. Rotating anode 1
2 is an umbrella-shaped target, a target 13, a shaft 14 extending on both sides, a rotor 15 fixed to this shaft, a permanent magnet 16 for radial direction support, an IT, and permanent magnets 18 and 19 for thrust direction support are fixed respectively. ing. on the other hand,
A cathode assembly 20 is provided in a part of the vacuum container 11 so as to face the target 13, and a position detector 21 for detecting the position of the target 13 is also provided. On the other hand,
A stator coil 22 for rotating the rotor is provided outside the container 11, and a radial support magnet 16 is provided.
, 17, permanent magnets 16a, 1Ta,
Electromagnets 16b and 17b are arranged so that their N and S poles are located in the radial direction, as shown in the figure. Also, a permanent magnet 18a corresponds to the thrust support magnets 18 and 19.
, 19a) Electromagnets 18b and 19b are each axially N
, S poles are located. These electromagnets are used to finely correct the position of the rotating anode 12 by a controller (not shown) so as to be controlled by a position display signal from the target position detector 21. Of course, it also functions to appropriately compensate for the demagnetization of each permanent magnet. Now, on one end surface of the rotating anode 12, a bottomed cylindrical support 24 having an electron emitting layer 23 coated on its inner surface is electrically and mechanically connected and fixed to the shaft.
電子放射物層23はこの実施例では酸化物陰極のような
熱陰極である。そしてこれに近接対向してタングステン
のような加熱フィラメント25が配設され、このフィラ
メント25は真空容器11を貫通するリード線26に接
続固定されている電子流捕集電極である.このリード線
26はこのX線管の陽極電圧印加のためと、陽極電流を
通すための電極である。このような本発明のX線管は、
回転陽極が真空容器および固定部材に対して完全に磁気
により浮上させられ回転させられる。The electron emitter layer 23 is a hot cathode, such as an oxide cathode, in this embodiment. A heating filament 25 made of tungsten is disposed close to and opposite to this, and this filament 25 is an electron current collecting electrode connected and fixed to a lead wire 26 penetrating the vacuum vessel 11. This lead wire 26 is an electrode for applying a voltage to the anode of this X-ray tube and for passing an anode current. Such an X-ray tube of the present invention is
The rotating anode is completely magnetically levitated and rotated relative to the vacuum vessel and the fixed member.
てして加熱フイラメント25を容器外の電源から供給す
る加熱電力で加熱する。これによつてこのフイラメント
に近接している電子放射物層23もフイラメントからの
輻射熱で加熱され、熱電子が放出可能となる。もちろん
ターゲツト13に対向して設けられた陰極構体20も熱
せられる。この状態で陰極構体20に対してリード電極
26に正の高電圧(例えば150k)を印加すると、電
子放射物層23から発生する熱電子により回転陽極とフ
イラメント25とはわずかな電圧降下はあるがほぼ短絡
状態となり、陰極構体20から発生してターゲツト13
へ入射する電子流による陽極電流経路が完成する。つま
り陽極電流は、リード電極26から、捕集電極フイラメ
ント25、電子放射物層23、シヤフト14、ターゲツ
ト13を経て陰極構体20に至る。これは回転陽極が真
空容器などの固定部材から完全に非接触で浮上させられ
たまま動作するので、毎分1万回転以上の超高速回転で
も摩耗することなく長寿命の大容量X線管が実現できる
。Then, the heating filament 25 is heated with heating power supplied from a power source outside the container. As a result, the electron emitter layer 23 in the vicinity of this filament is also heated by the radiant heat from the filament, and becomes capable of emitting thermoelectrons. Of course, the cathode assembly 20 provided opposite the target 13 is also heated. When a high positive voltage (for example, 150 k) is applied to the lead electrode 26 of the cathode structure 20 in this state, there is a slight voltage drop between the rotating anode and the filament 25 due to thermionic electrons generated from the electron emitting layer 23. It becomes almost a short-circuit state, and it is generated from the cathode structure 20 and reaches the target 13.
The anode current path is completed by the electron flow incident on the anode. That is, the anode current reaches the cathode structure 20 from the lead electrode 26 via the collection electrode filament 25, the electron emitter layer 23, the shaft 14, and the target 13. This allows the rotating anode to operate completely non-contact and suspended from a fixed member such as a vacuum vessel, allowing it to maintain a long-life, high-capacity X-ray tube without wearing out even when rotating at ultra-high speeds of over 10,000 revolutions per minute. realizable.
上記の実施例では電子放射物層として熱電子放射物を用
いたが、これに代えてMgOのような冷陰極物質を用い
てもよく、この場合は加熱フイラメントは不要であつて
、その代わりに冷陰極始動用のフイラメントと電子流捕
集電極とをこの冷陰極に対向させて真空容器に設ければ
よい。Although a thermionic emitter was used as the electron emitter layer in the above embodiment, a cold cathode material such as MgO may be used instead. A filament for starting the cold cathode and an electron flow collecting electrode may be provided in the vacuum container so as to face the cold cathode.
第2図に示す実施例は、回転陽極12のシヤフト端部に
高周波誘導加熱で昇温する材料からなる円板状支持体2
7を固定し、その端面に電子放射物層23を被着させて
ある。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a disk-shaped support 2 made of a material whose temperature is raised by high-frequency induction heating is attached to the shaft end of a rotating anode 12.
7 is fixed, and an electron emitter layer 23 is applied to the end face thereof.
さらにこれに近接対向して捕集電極25を設けてある。
そして容器外に数百KHzの高周波誘導コイル28を設
け、外部からの誘導加熱で電子放射物層を加熱させるよ
うにしている。第3図に示す実施例は、PbOのような
光電子放射物層23をシヤフトに設け、容器外から投光
器29で光電子放射物層23を励起し電子を放出させる
ようにしたものである。Further, a collection electrode 25 is provided close to and opposite to this.
A high frequency induction coil 28 of several hundred KHz is provided outside the container, and the electron emitting material layer is heated by induction heating from the outside. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a photoelectron emitter layer 23 such as PbO is provided on the shaft, and the photoelectron emitter layer 23 is excited by a light projector 29 from outside the container to emit electrons.
以上のように本発明の回転陽極X線管は、回転陽極の一
部に電子放射物層を設け、これに近接対向して陽極電流
路を形成する電子流捕集電極を真空容器内に固定的に設
けて非接触形とし、陽極を磁気浮上させるものであるた
め、安定な超高速回転が可能である。As described above, in the rotating anode X-ray tube of the present invention, an electron emitting material layer is provided on a part of the rotating anode, and an electron current collecting electrode that closely opposes this layer and forms an anode current path is fixed in a vacuum container. Since it is a non-contact type, and the anode is magnetically levitated, stable ultra-high speed rotation is possible.
なお陽極に設ける電子放射物層は、1000mA以下の
電流をとり出しうるように、充分な電子放射面積を得る
ように、上述の図示の形状に限らず、二重またはそれ以
上の重合円筒状や、複数の面対向の形にすることができ
る。Note that the electron emitting material layer provided on the anode is not limited to the shape shown above, but may have a double or more polymerized cylindrical shape, etc., in order to obtain a sufficient electron emitting area so that a current of 1000 mA or less can be extracted. , it can be made into a shape with multiple faces facing each other.
第1図は本発明の一実施例を示ず縦断面図、第2図およ
び第3図は各々他の実施例を示す要部縦断面図である。
11・・・真空容器、12・・・回転陽極、13・・・
ターゲツト、16〜19・・・磁気浮上用の磁石、23
・・・電子放射物層、25・・・電子流捕集電極。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are longitudinal cross-sectional views of essential parts showing other embodiments. 11... Vacuum vessel, 12... Rotating anode, 13...
Target, 16-19...Magnet for magnetic levitation, 23
...electron emitter layer, 25...electron flow collecting electrode.
Claims (1)
させられるように構成された回転陽極X線管において、
上記回転陽極の一部に電子放射物層が形成され、陽極電
圧印加電極に接続された電子流捕集電極が上記電子放射
物層に近接対向して配設されてなることを特徴とする回
転陽極X線管。 2 電子放射物層が熱電子放射物質でなり、該物質が外
部から加えられる加熱電力により加熱されるように構成
されてなる特許請求の範囲第1項記載のX線管。[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotating anode X-ray tube configured such that a rotating anode disposed within a vacuum vessel is magnetically levitated,
An electron emitter layer is formed on a part of the rotating anode, and an electron flow collection electrode connected to an anode voltage applying electrode is disposed close to and opposite to the electron emitter layer. Anode X-ray tube. 2. The X-ray tube according to claim 1, wherein the electron emitting material layer is made of a thermionic emitting material, and the material is heated by heating power applied from the outside.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP55105758A JPS5941269B2 (en) | 1980-07-31 | 1980-07-31 | rotating anode x-ray tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP55105758A JPS5941269B2 (en) | 1980-07-31 | 1980-07-31 | rotating anode x-ray tube |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5730249A JPS5730249A (en) | 1982-02-18 |
JPS5941269B2 true JPS5941269B2 (en) | 1984-10-05 |
Family
ID=14416118
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP55105758A Expired JPS5941269B2 (en) | 1980-07-31 | 1980-07-31 | rotating anode x-ray tube |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5941269B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60171877U (en) * | 1984-04-21 | 1985-11-14 | 株式会社 玉新 | Chicken egg pack with opening for opening |
JPH01114536U (en) * | 1988-01-28 | 1989-08-01 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3343886A1 (en) * | 1983-12-05 | 1985-06-13 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | TURNING ANODE X-RAY TUBES WITH A SLIDE BEARING |
US4679220A (en) * | 1985-01-23 | 1987-07-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | X-ray tube device with a rotatable anode |
FR2637124B1 (en) * | 1988-09-23 | 1990-10-26 | Gen Electric Cgr | SUSPENSION SYSTEM OF A ROTATING X-RAY TUBE ANODE HAVING PASSIVE MAGNETIC BEARINGS |
US6873683B2 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2005-03-29 | General Electric Company | Axial flux motor driven anode target for X-ray tube |
CN102449335A (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2012-05-09 | 西门子公司 | Bearing arrangement for a touch-free magnetic axial bearing and x-ray tubes with said bearing |
CN103216527A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-07-24 | 浙江大学 | Magnetic bearing based on radial rejection and application thereof |
-
1980
- 1980-07-31 JP JP55105758A patent/JPS5941269B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60171877U (en) * | 1984-04-21 | 1985-11-14 | 株式会社 玉新 | Chicken egg pack with opening for opening |
JPH01114536U (en) * | 1988-01-28 | 1989-08-01 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5730249A (en) | 1982-02-18 |
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