JPS5941007B2 - Structure of engine combustion chamber - Google Patents
Structure of engine combustion chamberInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5941007B2 JPS5941007B2 JP54002811A JP281179A JPS5941007B2 JP S5941007 B2 JPS5941007 B2 JP S5941007B2 JP 54002811 A JP54002811 A JP 54002811A JP 281179 A JP281179 A JP 281179A JP S5941007 B2 JPS5941007 B2 JP S5941007B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- cylinder head
- mouthpiece
- engine
- spring pin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
- F02B19/165—The shape or construction of the pre-combustion chambers is specially adapted to be formed, at least in part, of ceramic material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、セラミック材を適用して、熱効率、耐熱性、
耐久性、経済性等を向上させた内燃機関の燃焼室、とく
に渦流室周部またはガソリン機関の副室の構造に関する
。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention applies ceramic materials to improve thermal efficiency, heat resistance,
This invention relates to the structure of the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, particularly the periphery of the swirl chamber or the pre-chamber of a gasoline engine, which has improved durability and economical efficiency.
ガンリン機関、ディーゼル機関を問わず、内燃機関の渦
流室を形成するには、チャンバ口金を含め、高温にさら
されるがために、従来耐熱合金を使用するのが通例であ
った。To form the swirl chamber of an internal combustion engine, regardless of whether it is a Ganlin engine or a diesel engine, it has been customary to use a heat-resistant alloy, since the chamber mouthpiece and other components are exposed to high temperatures.
しかし、資材節約、軽量化、経済性の観点から、耐熱性
、耐久性のある他の安価な材料で代替することが望まれ
ている。However, from the viewpoints of material saving, weight reduction, and economic efficiency, it is desired to replace it with other inexpensive materials that are heat resistant and durable.
この観点から、渦流室周壁、とくにチャンバ口金をセラ
ミック材から構成することが考えられるが、鋳鉄、アル
ミ材、アルミ合金材よりなるシリンダヘッドとの熱膨張
差も考慮に入れてシリンダヘッドに如何に無理なく保持
させ得るか、また燃焼特性等、種々の特性を考慮して決
定された現用機関の構成に如何に本質的な設計変更を加
えることなしにセラミック材に代替し得るかが、実用化
に際して重要な問題となる。From this point of view, it is conceivable to construct the surrounding wall of the swirl chamber, especially the chamber mouthpiece, from ceramic material. The key to practical application is whether it can be maintained without difficulty, and how it can be replaced with ceramic materials without making essential design changes to the current engine configuration, which has been determined by considering various characteristics such as combustion characteristics. This is an important issue.
本発明は、これらの問題を解消した機関の渦流室の構造
を提供することを目的とする。An object of the present invention is to provide a structure of a swirl chamber for an engine that eliminates these problems.
以下に、本発明の機関の渦流室の構造の一実施例を図に
従って説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the structure of a swirl chamber of an engine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図乃至第４図において、１は鋳鉄、アルミ材、アル
ミ合金材等よりなるシリンダヘッドで、２はインテーク
ポートまたはエキゾーストポートである。In FIGS. 1 to 4, 1 is a cylinder head made of cast iron, aluminum, aluminum alloy, etc., and 2 is an intake port or an exhaust port.
３はチャンバ口金でその中央部には渦流室４に連なる通
路５が貫通させて設けられている。Reference numeral 3 denotes a chamber base, and a passage 5 communicating with the vortex chamber 4 is provided through the center of the chamber base.
チャンバ口金３は、シリコンナイトライド、シリコンカ
ーバイド、アルミナ、ガラスセラミック等のセラミック
材から一体に形成されている。The chamber base 3 is integrally formed from a ceramic material such as silicon nitride, silicon carbide, alumina, or glass ceramic.
セラミック材自体は難削材であるが、焼結させる前の成
形素材にあっては極めて容易に形状を加工でき、したが
って、精度の要求される部分の精度も成形時ではマ出す
ことができ、焼成後に一応、相似に収縮して最悪の場合
でも、焼成後の若干の研削加工のみで十分な精度に仕上
げられ得る。Ceramic material itself is difficult to cut, but the shape of the material before sintering can be processed extremely easily, and therefore the precision of parts that require precision can be achieved during molding. Even in the worst case, where the material shrinks in a similar manner after firing, it can be finished with sufficient precision by only a slight grinding process after firing.
セラミック材のチャンバ口金３は、組付時において、シ
リンダヘッド１のチャンバ口金保持孔１ａに、軽い打込
み乃至焼ばめで嵌合させられる。During assembly, the chamber cap 3 made of a ceramic material is fitted into the chamber cap holding hole 1a of the cylinder head 1 by light driving or shrink fitting.
これによって運搬時にチャンバ口金３がシリンダヘッド
１から外れることはなく、また、チャンバ口金３にシリ
ンダヘッド１から過度の荷重がかかることもない。As a result, the chamber base 3 will not come off from the cylinder head 1 during transportation, and no excessive load will be applied to the chamber base 3 from the cylinder head 1.
セラミック材のチャンバ口金３とシリンダヘッド１との
両者にわたって、チャンバ口金３の中心線と平行方向に
延びる円筒面状のピン穴６が少なくとも１個形成されて
おり、このピン穴６には、金属材からなる耐熱性を有す
るスプリングピンγが打込まれている。At least one pin hole 6 having a cylindrical surface extending in a direction parallel to the center line of the chamber mouthpiece 3 is formed across both the chamber mouthpiece 3 made of ceramic material and the cylinder head 1. A heat-resistant spring pin γ made of material is driven into the spring pin γ.
スプリングピン７の抜止めを果たすために、スプリング
ピン７がピン穴６に打ち込まれた後、シリンダヘッド１
のピン穴６開ロ部はかしめまたは抜止束が設けられてい
る。In order to prevent the spring pin 7 from coming out, after the spring pin 7 is driven into the pin hole 6, the cylinder head 1
The opening portion of the pin hole 6 is provided with a caulking or a retaining bundle.
ここで、ピンとしてスプリングピン７を用いるのは、最
大熱膨張時にシリンダヘッド１とチャンバ口金３間に微
少間隙が生じても、スプリングピン７の弾圧力を利用し
て緩衝性をもたせながら緩みなくチャンバ口金３を保持
するためである。Here, the reason why the spring pin 7 is used as the pin is that even if a slight gap occurs between the cylinder head 1 and the chamber cap 3 at the time of maximum thermal expansion, the elastic force of the spring pin 7 is used to provide cushioning and prevent loosening. This is to hold the chamber cap 3.
また、ピン穴６はシリンダヘッド１とチャンバ口金３の
両者にまたがらせたのは、回転方向の位置決めを果たさ
せるためである。Further, the reason why the pin hole 6 is made to straddle both the cylinder head 1 and the chamber mouthpiece 3 is to perform positioning in the rotational direction.
この場合、ピン穴６は、横断面の過半部がシリンダヘッ
ド１部に位置するようにシリンダヘッド１側に中心をず
らして設けられるが、これは、スプリングピンγのシリ
ンダヘッド１との接触面積を増やしてスプリングピン７
の位置決めを効果的にするためである。In this case, the pin hole 6 is provided with its center shifted toward the cylinder head 1 so that the majority of its cross section is located in the cylinder head 1, but this is due to the contact area of the spring pin γ with the cylinder head 1. Increase spring pin 7
This is to make positioning more effective.
シリンダヘッド１に形成されたチャンバ口金保持孔１ａ
は段付に形成されており、この段面１ｂとチャンバ口金
３の挿入側の端面との間にはガスシール８が介装されて
いる。Chamber mouthpiece holding hole 1a formed in cylinder head 1
is formed in a stepped manner, and a gas seal 8 is interposed between this stepped surface 1b and the insertion side end surface of the chamber mouthpiece 3.
このガスシール８はチャンバ口金３とシリンダヘッド１
との接触面のガスのシール機能を果たすとともに、シリ
ンダヘッド１とチャンバ口金３間のチャンバ口金中心線
方向の熱膨張差の緩衝作用をも果たすものである。This gas seal 8 connects the chamber mouthpiece 3 and the cylinder head 1.
It functions as a gas seal on the contact surface with the cylinder head 1 and the chamber mouthpiece 3, and also serves as a buffer for the difference in thermal expansion between the cylinder head 1 and the chamber mouthpiece 3 in the direction of the centerline of the chamber mouthpiece.
このために、ガスシール８は、石綿、ガラス繊維等の他
、塑性変形し易い鋼板、アルミ板等から形成されること
が望ましい。For this reason, it is desirable that the gas seal 8 be formed of asbestos, glass fiber, or the like, as well as a steel plate, an aluminum plate, or the like, which are easily plastically deformed.
上記の構成を有する渦流室構造の作用について説明する
。The operation of the swirl chamber structure having the above configuration will be explained.
渦流室４は機関運転時に高温となるが、チャンバ口金３
がセラミック材よりなるので、熱伝導が悪く、保熱性に
優れているので、ディーゼル機関チャンバ用としては着
火性上好ましい。The swirl chamber 4 becomes hot during engine operation, but the chamber mouthpiece 3
Since it is made of a ceramic material, it has poor heat conduction and excellent heat retention, so it is preferable for use in diesel engine chambers in terms of ignitability.
また、チャンバ口金３のシリンダヘッド１への固定は軽
い圧入によっているので、シリンダブロックとシリンダ
ヘッド１の締付けに際してもセラミック材には過度の応
力が生じないばかりでなく、応力も圧縮応力であるので
圧縮応力に対して強いセラミック材に損傷は生じない。Furthermore, since the chamber cap 3 is fixed to the cylinder head 1 by light press-fitting, not only is excessive stress not generated in the ceramic material when the cylinder block and cylinder head 1 are tightened, but the stress is also compressive stress. No damage occurs to the ceramic material, which is resistant to compressive stress.
また、チャンバ口金３はプリロードをかげて打込まれた
スプリングピン７によって弾圧保持されているので、シ
リンダヘッド１との間に熱膨張差が生じてもその保持は
維持される。Further, since the chamber mouthpiece 3 is elastically held by the spring pin 7 driven with a preload, the holding is maintained even if a difference in thermal expansion occurs between the chamber mouthpiece 3 and the cylinder head 1.
そしてスプリングピン７はシリンダヘッド１を介して冷
却水により冷却されているので弾圧力が失われることは
ない。Since the spring pin 7 is cooled by cooling water via the cylinder head 1, the elastic force is not lost.
シールはチャンバ口金３の上面とシリンダヘッド１の段
面１ｂ間で緩衝機能も兼ねるガスシール８によって行な
われているので、半径方向にシリンダヘッド１とチャン
バ口金３間に若干の間隙が生じても、シール性がそこな
われることはない。Sealing is performed between the upper surface of the chamber mouthpiece 3 and the stepped surface 1b of the cylinder head 1 by a gas seal 8 that also serves as a buffer, so even if a slight gap occurs between the cylinder head 1 and the chamber mouthpiece 3 in the radial direction, , the sealing performance is not impaired.
本発明による機関渦流室の構造によるときは、次に挙げ
る効果がある。The structure of the engine swirl chamber according to the present invention provides the following effects.
すなわち、チャンバ口金をセラミック材より構成したの
で、着火性向上による機関の熱効率、燃費を向上させる
ことができる他、従来のチャンバ口金に比しコストダウ
ン、軽量化を図ることができる。That is, since the chamber cap is made of a ceramic material, it is possible to improve the engine's thermal efficiency and fuel efficiency by improving ignitability, and it is also possible to reduce cost and weight compared to conventional chamber caps.
また、セラミック材のチャンバ口金とシリンダヘッドと
を軽い打込み嵌合及びスプリングピンによって行なった
ため、セラミック材を損傷させることなくチャンバ口金
をシリンダヘッドに固定できるとともに、最大熱膨張時
に生じる若干の間隙によるガタの問題も解消することが
できる。In addition, because the ceramic chamber cap and cylinder head are fitted together by a light hammer and spring pin, the chamber cap can be fixed to the cylinder head without damaging the ceramic material, and it also prevents backlash due to the slight gap that occurs during maximum thermal expansion. The problem can also be solved.
更にまた、スプリングピンをチャンバ口金とシリンダヘ
ッドの両者にわたるピン穴に打込んだため、チャンバ口
金の回転方向の位置決めも同時に果たすことができる。Furthermore, since the spring pin is driven into the pin hole extending through both the chamber mouthpiece and the cylinder head, the chamber mouthpiece can be positioned at the same time in the rotational direction.
なお、この方法によるセラミックと金属の嵌合はガソリ
ンエンジンの副室の組付けにもそのまま応用できる。Note that this method of fitting ceramic and metal can also be applied directly to the assembly of the subchamber of a gasoline engine.
第１図はシリンダヘッド部の斜視図、第２図は本発明の
機関渦流室近傍の断面図、第３図は第２図の■−■線に
沿う断面図、第４図はスプリングピンの一例を示す斜視
図、である。
１・・・・・・シリンダヘッド、３・・・・・・チャン
バ口金、４・・・・・・渦流室、６・・・・・・ピン穴
、７・・・・・・スプリングピン、８・・・・・・ガス
シール。Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the cylinder head, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the engine swirl chamber of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the spring pin. It is a perspective view showing an example. 1... Cylinder head, 3... Chamber base, 4... Vortex chamber, 6... Pin hole, 7... Spring pin, 8... Gas seal.
Claims (1)
し、シリンダヘッドのチャンバ口金保持孔に前記セラミ
ック材のチャンバ口金を嵌挿し、シリンダヘッドとチャ
ンバ口金の両者にまたがって形成されたピン穴にスプリ
ングピンを打込んだことを特徴とする機関燃焼室の構造
。1. A chamber cap of an engine combustion chamber is formed from a ceramic material, the chamber cap made of the ceramic material is fitted into a chamber cap holding hole of a cylinder head, and a spring pin is inserted into a pin hole formed across both the cylinder head and the chamber cap. The structure of the engine combustion chamber is characterized by the fact that
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP54002811A JPS5941007B2 (en) | 1979-01-11 | 1979-01-11 | Structure of engine combustion chamber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP54002811A JPS5941007B2 (en) | 1979-01-11 | 1979-01-11 | Structure of engine combustion chamber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5593920A JPS5593920A (en) | 1980-07-16 |
| JPS5941007B2 true JPS5941007B2 (en) | 1984-10-04 |
Family
ID=11539768
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP54002811A Expired JPS5941007B2 (en) | 1979-01-11 | 1979-01-11 | Structure of engine combustion chamber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5941007B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58189320U (en) * | 1982-06-09 | 1983-12-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Swirl chamber structure of internal combustion engine |
| JPS5939729U (en) * | 1982-09-06 | 1984-03-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fixing device for ceramic pre-chamber for diesel engine |
| JPS5952031U (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1984-04-05 | 石川ガスケツト株式会社 | Internal combustion engine with auxiliary combustion chamber |
| JPS6068904A (en) * | 1983-09-26 | 1985-04-19 | 株式会社東芝 | Ceramics part and manufacture thereof |
| JPS6088032U (en) * | 1983-11-25 | 1985-06-17 | マツダ株式会社 | Engine pre-chamber structure |
| JPS6141827U (en) * | 1984-08-21 | 1986-03-17 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Installation structure of ceramic auxiliary combustion chamber |
| US4672933A (en) * | 1984-10-30 | 1987-06-16 | 501 NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd. | Precombustion chamber with insulating means |
| JPH0212265Y2 (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1990-04-06 |
-
1979
- 1979-01-11 JP JP54002811A patent/JPS5941007B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5593920A (en) | 1980-07-16 |
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