JPS5939266B2 - Spherical and flat polishing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spherical and flat surface polishing apparatus used, for example, for polishing lenses.

As a lens polishing device, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a main shaft motor 1 is driven to rotate a tool pan 3 via a main shaft 2, and a swing motor 4 is driven to rotate a pressure shaft 5.
Due to this rotation of the pressure shaft 5, the tool pan 3 is moved through the pressure pin 6.
A device has been proposed in which a pasting plate □ on which a lens to be processed is pasted and held is oscillated. According to this, the processing pressure of the swing shaft 8 always passes through the center of curvature, so it has the advantage of being able to perform well-balanced polishing. When the radius of curvature of In order to eliminate the influence of force, there was a further problem in that the equipment became expensive.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a spherical polishing device that does not require increasing the size of the device even when the radius of curvature of the workpiece is large. be.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention arranges a machining pin at a position on the tool axis of a base equipped with a rotationally driven tool axis, provides a tool plate on the tool axis, and processes the tool plate on the machining pin. A holder for supporting a workpiece to be polished on a surface is provided, and a swinging arm is attached to the base so that the center axis of the swinging arm is perpendicular to the tool axis and rotates about the same axis. The machining pin is adjustable and is swingable about a support shaft orthogonal to the concentric axis as a fulcrum, and is equipped with a drive device that swings the swing arm, and the processing pin is
The workpiece is supported by the swinging arm so as to be orthogonal to the center axis of the swinging arm, and is configured to move the workpiece along the processing surface while pressing the workpiece against the processing surface with a constant force. It is characterized by becoming. Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

2 is a plan view showing an example of the apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the same side, and FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2.

The device shown in this embodiment can be roughly divided into a tool shaft 10.
a swinging arm 13 mounted on the base 11 and supporting a machining pin 12 so as to be positioned above the tool 10, and a drive device 14 for swinging the swinging arm 13. It is configured. As shown in FIG. 3, the tool shaft 10 is rotatably mounted on the base 11 by bearings 15 and 16 with its central axis H substantially vertical, and the upper end of the tool shaft 10 is connected to the front end of the base 11. side(
The tool tray 17 protrudes from the top surface (on the left side of Fig. 3) and is attached to the upper end thereof.
(See Figures 5 and 6) can be attached.

A pulley 18 is fixed to the lower end of the tool shaft 10, and a belt 20 is provided between the pulley 18 and a pulley 1J19 fixed to the drive shaft of a main shaft motor (not shown). , the tool shaft 10 is rotated at high speed by the main shaft motor. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 2, on the upper surface of the rear end side of the base 11 (on the right side in FIG. 3), a hollow swinging head 23 is provided with its center axis G.
It is equipped so that it can be rotated approximately horizontally.

As shown in FIG. 3, the swing arm 13 is installed in the hollow portion 23a of the swing head 23 with its central axis aligned with the center axis G of the swing head 23, and the The swinging arm 13 can swing relative to the swinging head 23 about a support shaft 24 fixed to the swinging head 23 so as to be orthogonal to the central axis G. As shown in FIG. In other words, the swinging arm 13 is rotatably adjustable about its central axis, and is swingable about the support shaft 24 as a fulcrum.
Equipped with 1. As shown in FIG. 3, at the front end of the swing arm 13 protruding from the swing head 23, a weight arm 27 is rotatably erected via a fulcrum pin 26.

A shaft portion 28a of an arm 28 is attached to an intermediate cylindrical portion 27a of this weight arm portion 27 so as to be movable in the front and back direction, and a substantially U-shaped attachment portion 28b at the tip of this arm 28 is attached to A processing pin 12 is mounted so as to be vertically movable in a horizontal position parallel to the support shaft 24. Set bolts 29, 29 are provided in the cylindrical portion 27a,
After the adjustment of the movement of the arm 28 in the longitudinal direction is completed, the arm 28 is fixed to the sleeve portion 27a using the set bolts 29, 29. Further, the mounting portion 28b is provided with a tightening bolt 30, and after the vertical movement adjustment of the processing pin 12 is completed, the processing pin 12 is fixed to the mounting portion 28b by the tightening bolt 30. ing. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a support arm section 33 is provided upright at the rear end of the swing arm 13 protruding from the swing head 23, and the upper end of this support arm section 33 is provided with a support arm section 33. A rear end portion of a cylinder portion 35a of an air cylinder 35 is rotatably connected via a pin 34. The front end of the piston rod 35b of the air cylinder 35 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the weight arm 27 via a pin 36. The air cylinder 35 moves the processing pin 12 to the workpiece 38 held by the holder 37.
(See FIGS. 5 and 6) is pressed with a constant force, and this air cylinder 35 and the weight arm 27 constitute a link mechanism. Therefore, the machining pin 12 uses the force acting from the air cylinder 35 to move the workpiece 38 onto the machining surface 17a of the tool plate 17.
(See FIGS. 5 and 6) While being pressed with a constant pressing force, it moves up and down following the machined surface 17a. The lower end of the machining pin 12 is conical and has a slightly rounded lower end surface to form a pivot, and the center of the upper surface of the holder 37 for receiving the pin is concave. As shown in FIG. 2, the motor base 40 of the drive device 14 is attached to the rear end of the base 11 in the direction of arrows B and c shown in the figure.
Equipped to move in any direction.

A motor 41 with a reduction gear is attached to the motor base 40, and a crank plate 42 is fixed to one drive shaft 41a of the motor 41 with a reduction gear. A groove 42a is formed in this crank plate 42, as shown in FIGS. A pin 44 is movably inserted. Therefore, when the motor 41 with a speed reducer is driven once to rotate the clamp plate 42, the rotational motion of the crank plate 42 is converted into a linear motion through the engagement between the groove 42a and the crank pin 44, and this linear motion is transmitted to the swing arm 13 via the transmission shaft 43, and the swing arm 13 swings in the left-right direction about the support shaft 24 as a fulcrum.
The rear end of the swing arm 13 is connected to one end of the transmission shaft 43 via a universal joint 45, and the crank pin 44 is also connected to the other end of the transmission shaft 43 via a universal joint 46. Further, the lateral swing movement of the processing pin 12 will be further explained based on FIGS. 2 and 6. The swing arm 13, load arm 27, arm 28, processing pin 12, air cylinder 35,
and the support arm 33 are integrally connected by the pin 36 and the support arm 26, respectively. Therefore, when the swing arm 13 is swung via the electric shaft 43 by the motor 41 with a reduction gear, the support shaft 24 is As a fulcrum, the entire structure swings. Therefore, the processing pin 12 also swings in the left-right direction. That is, the machining pin 12 is
If it is tilted, it is tilted with respect to the support shaft 24, so it is rocked parallel to the tilt angle. The crank plate 42 has a fourth
As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 5, a crank pin adjusting member 50 is provided to adjust the amount of eccentricity of the crank pin 44 from the center of the crank plate 42. By changing the amount of eccentricity of the swing arm 44, the amount of left-right swing (left-right swing width) of the swing arm 13 is adjusted.

Further, a movement adjustment device 53 is connected to the motor base 40 and has an adjustment handle 52 provided at one end of an adjustment screw 51 screwed onto the base 11. By rotating the adjustment handle 52, the motor can be adjusted. The base 40 is adjusted to move relative to the base 11 in the direction of arrow Bc shown in FIG. When the motor base 40 moves in the direction of the arrow Bc shown in FIG. 2, the transmission 11143 also moves, and for example, the rear end of the swing arm 13 moves from the solid line position shown in FIG. position, and swings left and right around this position indicated by the two-dot chain line. That is, by rotating the adjustment handle 52, the processing pin 1
The horizontal swing position of No. 2 is adjusted. Note that 55 in FIGS. 2 and 3 is a swinging head clamp lever for fixing the swinging head 23 to the base 11, and 56 in FIGS. 2 to 4 is the motor base 40. The base 1
This is a motor base clamp lever for fixing to 1.

According to the apparatus having the above-mentioned configuration, when performing plane machining, the machining pin 12 is made substantially parallel to the central axis H of the tool shaft 10, as shown in FIG.

In addition, when processing a spherical surface, as shown in Figure 6 A,
The machining pin 12 is tilted with respect to the center axis H of the tool shaft 10. The degree of inclination is adjusted to the radius of curvature of the machining surface 17a of the tool plate 17. Machining surface 17 of tool plate 17
When the radius of curvature of a is large (the workpiece 38 is machined to a large radius of curvature by this machining surface 17a), the tilt angle of the machining pin 12 with respect to the central axis H of the tool shaft 10 is made small, and the tool dish 17 is When the radius of curvature of the machining surface 17a is small (the workpiece 38 is machined to a small radius of curvature by this machining surface), the inclination angle of the machining pin 12 with respect to the center axis H of the tool shaft 10 is increased. To change the inclination angle of the machining pin 12 with respect to the center axis 1SH of the tool shaft 10, loosen the swing head clamp lever 55 and move the swing head 23 (swing arm 13) around its center axis G. Just adjust the rotation. In addition, at this time, the processing pin 12
The left-right swing position of the machining pin 12 is adjusted by the adjustment handle 52, and the left-right swing amount of the processing pin 12 is adjusted by the crank pin adjustment member 50. After doing this, the spindle motor (
(not shown) to rotate the tool tray 17 at high speed, and at the same time, the motor 41 with a speed reducer is driven once to swing the machining pin 12 in the left-right direction.

As a result, the surface of the workpiece to be pressed against the processing surface 17a of the tool plate 17 is polished to the curvature of the processing surface 17d. Further, a more detailed explanation of flat surface processing and curved surface processing using the above-mentioned apparatus will be as follows. (a) To explain the degree of inclination of the machining pin 12, as shown in FIGS. 7a1 and 7b, the machining surface 17a of the tool plate 17 is
When the inclination angle θ is set to be a concave surface, the inclination angle θ is approximately D/4 with respect to the diameter D of the machined surface 17a of the tool surface 17.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7a, if the radius of curvature R is small, the angle of inclination θ becomes large, and as shown in FIG. 7b, if the radius of curvature R is large, the angle of inclination θ becomes small. (
b) Also, as shown in FIG. 7c, the machining surface 1 of the tool pan 17
When 7a is a convex surface, the setting of the inclination angle θ is completely opposite to that in the above case.

(c) In the case of flat surface machining, as shown in Fig. 7d, the amplitude and width of the workpiece W slightly exceeds the range of D/2 with respect to the diameter D of the machining surface 17a. It is enough to use a shaking cloth of the same amount.

In addition, in order to make the wear of the machined surface 17a of the tool plate 17 uniform,
The workpiece W must be placed over the center of the tool 17 by an amount of X and also over the outer diameter of the tool plate 17, and this amount X is taken as the swing width L.

Note that the workpiece W rotates around the machining pin 12 due to the difference in circumferential speed of the tool surface 17a (faster near the center).

(d) Next, regarding the pressing of the processing pin 12 during curvature processing,
Explaining FIG. 7e, in the case of curvature machining, the operation is performed at an inclination angle θ and an oscillation width L parallel to this inclination angle θ, but of course the machining pin 12 itself must move in the vertical pressing direction. Must be.

This vertical movement is compensated for by the air cylinder 35 applying a pressing force. Therefore, when machining a concave surface, the distance H between the tool surface 17a with the center of oscillation width 0 and the machining pin 12 is h, and the air cylinder 35 is pushed up. On the contrary, it will be pushed down. The above-described operations make it easy to process the uneven surface and flat surface of the workpiece W.

As explained above, according to the present invention, a machining pin is arranged on the tool axis of a base equipped with a rotationally driven tool axis, a tool plate is provided on the tool shaft, and a tool plate is attached to the machining pin. Equipped with a holder that holds the workpiece to be polished on the processing surface,
Further, a swinging arm is attached to the base so that the center axis of the swinging arm is perpendicular to the tool axis, and the swinging arm is rotatable about the same center axis, and swings about a support shaft perpendicular to the same center axis as a fulcrum. In addition to being movable, it is equipped with a drive device for swinging the swing arm, and the processing pin is supported on the swing arm so as to be orthogonal to the central axis of the swing arm. By simply adjusting the rotation of the swinging arm, polishing can be performed from a spherical surface to a flat surface, and there is no need to increase the size of the device as the radius of curvature of the workpiece increases, unlike conventional devices.

In addition, the machining pin is configured to press the workpiece against the machining surface of the tool plate with a constant force and move along the machining surface, so the workpiece can be uniformly machined to the desired curvature. can do.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a conventional lens polishing device, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the same side, and FIG.
The figure is a view in the direction of arrow A in Fig. 2, Fig. 5A is a perspective view of the device during surface polishing, and the opening of the figure is an explanatory diagram explaining the relationship between the tool axis, tool plate, and machining pin during surface polishing. Figure 6A is a perspective view of the device used for spherical polishing, the opening of the figure is an explanatory diagram illustrating the relationship between the tool axis, tool plate, and machining pin during spherical polishing, and Figures 7a to 7e are illustrations of the workpiece. It is an explanatory view of plane processing and curved surface processing of an object. 10... Tool axis, 11... Base, 12
...Processing pin, 13 ... Swing arm, 1
4... Drive device, 17... Tool plate, 2
3... Swing head, 24... Support shaft,
26... Fulcrum pin, 27... Weighted arm portion, 27a... Tube folding portion, 28... Arm, 28a... Shaft portion , 28b...Mounting part, 29...Set bolt, 30...
Tightening bolt, 33...Support arm part, 34...
... Pin, 35 ... Emer cylinder, 35
a...Cylinder part, 35b...Piston rod, 36...Pin, 37...Holder 38...Workpiece, 40... ...Motor base, 41...Motor with reducer, 42...
...Crank plate, 42a...Groove, 43
......Transmission shaft, 44...Crank pin.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A processing pin is arranged on the tool axis of a base equipped with a rotationally driven tool axis, a tool plate is provided on the tool axis, and a workpiece to be polished is placed on the processing pin with the machining surface of the tool plate. A swinging arm is mounted on the base so that the center axis of the swinging arm is orthogonal to the tool axis, and the swinging arm is rotatable about the same axis and is perpendicular to the tool axis. It is equipped to be able to swing around the support shaft as a fulcrum, and is also equipped with a drive device that swings the swing arm.
The processing pin is supported by the swing arm so as to be orthogonal to the center axis of the swing arm, and moves along the processing surface while pressing the workpiece against the processing surface with a constant force. A spherical and flat polishing device configured to do the following: