JPS5938554A - Taking-out method of heat of compost - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To supply air into a compost material and to facilitate taking-out of heat of fermentation, by making a hose bury into the compost material. CONSTITUTION:Compost materials are formed in a fermentation tank 1 in layers by repeating loading of the compost material and arrangement of a pipe 17 into the fermentation tank 1 and multifold pipe in a planeform state provided in a space between the layers is made to bury in the fermentation tank 1. Then, the above compost is covered with a lid 12 and air is fed into it from a feed air pipe 16. A small quantity of water is sprinkled over the compost material from a sprinkler 14 through opening and closing of a valve 145. While fermentation of the compost material in the fermentation tank is being done, water is circulated within the pipe 17. As the circulation water is stored in a hot water tank 2 and sent to a buried part 27 and floor soil is warmed up by the hot water, green- house culture can be carried out on the floor soil.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a method for extracting heat from compost.

It is already known that compost is effective as a fertilizer. It is also known that fermentation heat is generated when compost is made. However, since no simple method has been found for efficiently fermenting compost and extracting the fermentation heat generated as a result, the fermentation heat has not been fully utilized.

The inventor thought that in order to economically and efficiently extract the fermentation heat generated when making compost, it would be better to circulate water within the compost material and allow the water to absorb and extract the fermentation heat. For this purpose, we decided to ferment the compost in a limited tank, and installed pipes around the tank and circulated water within the pipes.
An attempt was made to extract the fermentation heat by absorbing it into water. Specifically, an attempt was made to use a metal pipe as the pipe, fix the pipe at a fixed position in the tank, and to make the circulating water inside the pipe absorb fermentation heat well. However, fixing the metal pipe in the tank has disadvantages because the pipe obstructs the free input of compost material and prevents the progress of fermentation and the shrinkage of the volume of the compost material. Understood.

Therefore, with this invention, a flexible pipe such as a soft vinyl chloride hose was used, and only both ends of the long hose were fixed to the tank wall, and the middle part of the hose was bent so that it could be freely displaced within the tank. I tried to let it go. When putting compost material into the premises, the middle part of the hose is thrown out of the tank, the compost material is put into the tank as a thick layer, and a part of the hose is placed on top of the compost material. Bend the hose and lay it flat, then add compost material to a certain thickness on top of it, then bend the remaining part of the hose and lay it flat, repeat this process, and spread the hose between the compost materials. Buried.

The hose is then embedded in the compost material, spraying water onto the material and supplying air into the material.
It was found that not only was it easier to add compost material, but the fermentation progressed surprisingly well and that the fermentation heat could be sufficiently extracted. That is, it has been found that as the compost material contracts in volume as fermentation progresses, the hose can change its position so that it is constantly in contact with the compost material, thus leading to the hose absorbing heat well. Ta. This invention was made based on such knowledge.

In this invention, a long flexible pipe is attached to the tank so as to be completely movable, compost material is put into the tank in a layered manner, and the flexible pipe is bent and arranged in a planar manner on top of the compost material. Then add a layer of compost material on top of that and repeat this as necessary.
It is characterized by spraying water onto the compost material and supplying air into the compost material to ferment the compost material, circulating water in the pipe, and using the water to expropriate the fermentation heat outside the tank.
This invention relates to a method for extracting heat from compost.

An example of implementation of the method of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view schematically showing the process of carrying out the method of this invention. Figure 2 shows
A cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1.

In FIG. 1, / indicates a hot water tank 1.2 is a hot water tank. A lid 7.2 also made of a heat insulating material is placed on the fermenter /#"i, a container made of a heat insulating material, so that the lid 7.2 can be opened and closed.
2 is attached with an exhaust pipe/3.

A water sprinkling mechanism 15/ is attached to the top of the container //, and the water sprinkling mechanism 15/ is configured to intermittently sprinkle water into the container //. In addition, a small hole /j is bored at the bottom of the container //,
Excess water in the container // is drained from the small hole /j. Furthermore, an air supply pipe /g is attached to the lower part of the container //, and air is supplied into the container // from the air supply pipe /g. Moreover, a flexible long pipe /2 is attached inside the container //.

Flexible long pipe/2Mori, made of soft vinyl chloride resin, and can be bent freely. Also, pipe /2f'i
A steel wire or stainless steel wire is spirally attached inside or around the wall so that it will not become flat even if stepped on, and so that the inner cavity will not close if it is thickened. pipe/
2#'i, the lower part of the fermenter/, 1' is fixed to the fermenter/, and the upper part of the fermenter/ is fixed to the fermenter/, and the middle part is not attached to the fermenter/ at all. Not fixed. Therefore, the middle part of pipe /2 can also be thrown out of the fermenter /2, as shown at /2 in FIG.

In the method of the invention, the compost material is introduced into the fermenter as follows. First, compost material is poured into the fermenter up to the level of line a at the bottom of the tank. After thoroughly compacting this compost material, the pipe portion /2/ approaching the end /♂ of pipe /2 is bent and laid on top of it in a planar shape. The pipe sections /2/ are laid in a zigzag manner as shown in Figure 2, so that the pipe sections /2/ are evenly distributed over the surface of the compost material, and then the pipe sections /2/ are laid out in a zigzag pattern as shown in Figure 2. Proceed upward at part 72. After placing a portion of the pipe in this manner, compost material is poured in to the level of the line to form a layer of compost material and bury the portion of the pipe in the compost material. Then, tamp down the compost material. On top of that, the vibe part/7Jk pipe part/2
Place it in the same way as /. At this time, the remaining pipe part/2
5/It's still outside the tank/. This state is shown in FIG.

By repeating the above-described steps of charging the compost material and arranging the pipes, the compost material is formed in many layers in the tank, and the pipes are arranged in multiple layers in a planar manner and buried in the tank. after that,
M/, 2 is covered, and air is constantly or intermittently supplied from the air supply pipe/g. Also, a small amount of water is intermittently rained down from the watering mechanism by opening and closing a valve/daj to ensure that the water is evenly distributed over the compost material. In addition, the drainage and compost materials maintain appropriate moisture, and the relative humidity inside the tank is low!
It should be replenished to the extent that it is maintained at a value of 0.0%, preferably between 0.0% and 0.000%, and care should be taken not to supply it in excess. In the unlikely event that excess water is supplied, the water should be drained from the small hole /j. If you leave it like this, the tank/
Fermentation of the compost material begins inside. Once fermentation begins, the temperature inside the fermenter rises, reaching a maximum of 20-Fθ°C.

In this inventive method, water is circulated in the pipe/2 while the fermentation of the compost material takes place in the fermenter/2. The circulating water enters through the inlet/2 located at the bottom of the fermenter/and exits through the outlet/2 located at the top of the fermenter/. This circulating water is stored in the wet tank 2.

Hot water N,2 is in a container covered with a heat insulating material. The mixing tank is connected to the inlet of the fermentation tank by a pipe 2.2, and the inlet 0.23 is connected to a pipe 2Z.
is connected to the fermenter outlet 15P.

A pump P1 is attached to the pipe 2.2. As a result, the water in the hot water tank 2 is sent into the fermenter/inside and becomes circulating water.

According to the method of this invention, since the long flexible pipe is movably attached to the fermenter, the pipe can be moved out of the way and compost material can be introduced into the fermentation premises. Therefore, it becomes easy to input compost material. Furthermore, since the pipe is flexible, it can be laid in a planar manner at any location, and therefore the fermentation temperature can be concentrated where it is needed. Furthermore, although the volume of the compost material decreases as fermentation progresses, since the pipe is movable, the pipe is always in contact with the compost material and can absorb fermentation heat well. Furthermore, since the pipe does not become an obstruction when introducing compost material, a large amount of compost material can be introduced, and therefore fermentation can be carried out more efficiently. The method of this invention has such advantages.

Further, the hot water stored in the drought tank 2 can be used for cultivating plants. FIG. 3 also shows the use of hot water for plant cultivation.

In Figure 3, hot water tank 2 has pipes 2.5 and 21.
, and a pump P2 is attached to this to remove wet water.
It is circulated through pipes 2j and 2Z. And pipe 2j
An underground part of the pipe 22 is installed between Therefore, all greenhouse cultivation can be performed on the bed soil 37.

In Fig. 1, the wet water tank shown in Fig. 1 is omitted, and the circulating water is directly sent from the fermentation tank into the greenhouse 3. In FIG. 7, the pipe 72, etc. are shown with a single line for simplicity, but a pump P3 is attached between the circulating water outlet of the fermenter and the buried part 22, and the circulating water is is flowing. The method of the invention can also be used in this way.

In FIG. 5, the fermenter shown in FIG. 7 is housed in a greenhouse J. The method of the invention can also be used in this way. In FIGS. 3 to 5, a building-like greenhouse is shown, and the area above the floor 37 is enclosed, but such a building-like greenhouse is not necessarily required.

As the material constituting the fermenter/container// and lid/2, it is preferable to use a material made of hard synthetic resin or a material made of resin containing a hard resin foam. For example, the material has a sandwich structure in which the surface is composed of a polyester resin plate reinforced with glass fibers, and the interior contains polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, or polyacrylic foam. Good too.

The pipe 2 is not limited to a soft vinyl chloride resin pipe containing steel wire, but may also be a rubber hose or a polyethylene pipe. Alternatively, straight metal pipes such as stainless steel pipes may be connected with the above-mentioned soft vinyl chloride resin pipe, and the soft vinyl chloride pipe portion may be made flexible.

As for the water sprinkling mechanism, it is best to use one with a structure as shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the watering mechanism fixes the pipe to the inner surface of the side wall of the container with metal fittings, and has a large number of holes 3 and 3 on the surface facing the pipe.
A hole is provided in the tube so that the tube can be rotated only within the range indicated by the arrow X. Hole 3 and /S
Each of the "l" is bored in a row in the axial direction of the pipe /S'/, and the holes /9tj are located between the holes /guk in the pipe axial direction. The hole / da 3 and / kuda to tube /
It is ejected in the diametrical direction of the pipe. The rotation of the tube is based on the fact that the water ejected from the holes 3 and 3 is evenly distributed over the compost material placed in the container.

It is preferable that the air supply pipe has a mechanism as shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the air supply pipe /g is placed close to the bottom of the container // and is supported by a fitting /l/. Then, a large number of holes /g, 2, and 1 lift arranged along the tube axis direction are drilled on the surface facing the bottom of the air supply v:/l. In this way, the holes /12 and /13 are not blocked by the input compost material, so that air can be uniformly supplied from the holes throughout the interior of the container // into the compost material. can. For this reason, air is always well permeated through the compost material, so that aerobic fermentation can be carried out satisfactorily. However, if the container // is not perfect and has gaps or holes here and there, it may not be necessary to provide the air supply pipe /Δ.

In addition, instead of just adding seven fermenters, we have two independent fermenters as shown in Figure 2.
It is desirable to use a combination of θ/ and 70.2. In this case, the respective fermenters /θ/ and /θ2 are:
Both are independently equipped with pipes 2 and 770, water spray mechanisms, etc. And pipes /2 and /2
Although not shown, each of θ is independently connected to a hot water tank by a pipe, and can be switched by an appropriate switching device. In this way, 7 fermenters 10/
When the fermentation is finished, it can be fermented immediately in another fermenter 10.2, and at the start of fermentation, the circulating water in the seven fermenters can be passed through the other fermenters to increase the temperature of the other fermenters. This is convenient because it can accelerate the start of fermentation in other fermenters. Furthermore, by using two fermenters, it is possible to prevent the fermentation heat from being interrupted at the start of fermentation.

To bury the pipe 22 above/into the floor, proceed as follows. The pipe, 22, has a depth of /j to 2 from the floor surface.
It is preferable to fill the holes at appropriate intervals at a depth of θa. The spacing is determined appropriately depending on the width of the floor, the diameter of the pipe, and the temperature difference to be heated.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the process of carrying out the method of this invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1. Third
5 through 5 are vertical sectional views schematically showing various usage modes of the method of the present invention. FIG. g is a partially cutaway perspective view of a mechanism for water sprinkling performed in the method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a mechanism for supplying air according to the method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front longitudinal cross-sectional view of a model of still another embodiment of the method of this invention. Figure 4 Diagram

Claims (1)

[Claims] A long flexible pipe is movably attached to the tank, compost material is put into the tank in a layered manner, the flexible pipe is bent and arranged in a planar shape, and then the compost material is placed on top of it in a layered manner. Add the compost material in layers and repeat this process if necessary, sprinkle water on top of the compost material and supply air into the compost material to ferment the compost material, circulate water through the pipes, and release water. A method for removing fermented manure, which is characterized by extracting fermentation heat to the outside of the tank.