JPS5938429B2 - Silencer for exhaust turbo supercharger - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention comprises a casing, which casing comprises an inlet passage, an inner chamber, an outer chamber, a separation tube between the compartments,
a closure mechanism providing or breaking communication between the compartments, the inlet passageway and the inner chamber forming a flow path for a first air flow, and the outer chamber and the inner chamber forming a flow path for a second air flow. It forms a channel for flow.

In particular, it relates to an exhaust turbocharger muffler for use in internal combustion engines.

It has been known for a long time to install exhaust turbochargers in internal combustion engines, especially diesel engines.

In that case, the air needed to burn the fuel is supplied to the engine's cylinders at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, so a larger amount of fuel is combusted, which corresponds to a larger amount of air, thereby removing the engine from the surrounding atmosphere. This achieves significantly more power than a non-supercharged engine, which must draw in its own combustion air.

The aforementioned turbocharger consists of a compressor driven by an exhaust turbine, which sucks air through a silencer and supplies this air to the cylinder.

In the case of this type of turbocharger used today,
Most of the time, all the air is sucked in from the surroundings through the muffler, regardless of the respective fluctuations in the engine's output.

However, many installations use an additional auxiliary blower that, at low power, supplies all the air needed to the compressor.

On the other hand, at high power, more atmospheric air is sucked in through the muffler, so the total air flow required to burn the fuel and supplied to the compressor forms two independent air flows. However, the two streams are mixed together before entering the compressor.

The structure described in detail in German Patent No. 2 350 784 uses a muffler with an axially movable cylindrical slide valve.

When this slide valve remains in the forward position corresponding to the low power range of the engine, air is supplied to the compressor by means of an auxiliary blower, with all ambient air being shut out.

In the high power range of the engine, the cylindrical slide valve assumes a rearwardly retracted position, in which ambient air can freely flow into the compressor, so that air is supplied to the compressor from the auxiliary blower as well as from the surroundings. be done.

The disadvantage of this construction is that a bellows or telescoping cylinder is required to compensate for the difference in the distance between the silencer fixing part with the pipe system connected to the auxiliary blower and the slide valve at different positions of the slide valve. This is something that must be established.

This unnecessarily increases the structural length of the turbocharger and
Therefore, the required space becomes large and the cost becomes high.

Furthermore, the guiding of the moving parts of the cylindrical slide valve is a problem, and the bellows or telescoping cylinders wear out relatively quickly.

The object of the invention is to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages and to create a silencer of the type mentioned at the outset.

Since this silencer has no axially movable parts, it has a low cost and a short construction length, and guide and wear problems are not important (while also combining the advantages of known silencers). .

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the silencer according to the present invention includes a rotary valve in which the closing mechanism is rotatable around the axis of the separation tube, and the rotary valve has a small number of openings (both have one opening). , the opening is rotatable relative to the at least one opening of the separation tube to create or break communication between the compartments.

The function of the silencer according to the invention is performed exclusively by rotational movement.

The components required for this rotational movement are simple and inexpensive.

No complicated guides are required and there is no risk of wear.

However, the main advantage is that, due to the elimination of axially movable elements, the construction length is significantly shorter and the costs are correspondingly lower.

In a preferred embodiment of the silencer, the separating tube has a radial flange with an axial opening.

Communication between the inner chamber and the outer chamber is provided by a rotary valve, which has an opening in the radial flange facing the opening in the flange of the separating tube.

Ambient air flows radially into the outer chamber and axially through the overlapping openings and radially through the openings in the separation tubes into the inner chamber.

The benefit of sound deadening is then greater than the loss caused by the change in flow direction.

In another embodiment of the invention, the rotary valve is rotatably mounted directly on the separating tube and has a radial opening that can be opposed to a radial opening of the separating tube.

That is, the flow direction of the surrounding air remains radial until it reaches the inner chamber.

In that case, the losses are lower than in the first-mentioned embodiment, but the silencing effect is also weaker.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

In the figures, the same members are given the same reference numerals.

. The exhaust turbo supercharger shown in FIG. 1 includes an exhaust turbine 1, a compressor 2, and a muffler 3.

The exhaust gas coming from the cylinders of the engine (not shown) flows from the inlet 4 of the gas inlet casing 5 through the axial turbine blades 6 and the shaft 2 which also carries the radial blades of the compressor 20.
and from the turbine 1 to the gas outlet casing 1
0 through outlet 9.

That is, the turbine 1 drives a compressor 2 which receives air via a silencer 3 from the surroundings and/or an auxiliary blower (not shown) and which compresses the air into the compressor casing 12. The outlet opening 11 feeds the cylinders of the engine.

The silencer 3 according to FIGS. 2 and 3 comprises a casing 13, which casing has an outer chamber 1 surrounding an inner chamber 16.
7 and a separation pipe 22 between the inner chamber 16 and the outer chamber 170.

Walls 2 covered with felt 19, for example, serve to further muffle noise.
0, a filter cylinder 18 surrounding the casing 13, and a closing mechanism 21 for establishing or blocking communication between the inner chamber 16 and the outer chamber 170.

The two illustrated embodiments of the silencer differ only in the construction of the closing mechanism 21.

Both closure mechanisms 21 have together the above-mentioned separating tube 22 which separates the inner chamber 16 from the outer chamber 17 and has an opening 23 around it, which opens the chamber 16 and the outer chamber 17. 1
7 in fluidic communication with each other.

Furthermore, both closure mechanisms have a valve 24 rotatably mounted about the axis 320 of the separation tube 22, by rotating this valve communication between the compartments 16, 17 is established or broken.

The silencer according to FIG.
It is equipped with

The flanges extend radially outwardly at intervals and are provided with axial openings 26.

The rotary valve 24 has a flange 27 extending radially inwardly between the flanges 25 and facing the flange 25 , the flange 21 having an opening 28 facing the opening 26 . ing.

Rotary valve 240 Norange 27 has separation pipe 220 Norange 25
However, it is also possible to provide it outside the 7 flange 25.

In FIG. 3, a rotary valve 24 is rotatably mounted directly on the separating tube 22 and is provided with a radial opening 29 around its periphery.

In the communicating position of the rotary valve 24, its opening 29 overlaps the opening 23 of the separation tube 22.

In contrast, in the closed position of the rotary valve 24, the opening 29 does not overlap the opening 23 of the separating tube 22, so that the fluid connection between the inner chamber 16 and the outer chamber 170 is interrupted. There is.

Both silencers are similar in function.

In the closed position of the rotary valve 24, which corresponds to the low power range of the engine, the opening 28 or 29 of the rotary valve 24 is connected to the separating pipe 2.
2, the connection between the inner chamber 16 and the outer chamber 170 is interrupted and the inlet passage of ambient air into the compressor 2 is closed.

The compressor 2 thus obtains an air flow from the auxiliary blower via the inlet channel 14 and the inner chamber 16 to the outlet channel 15 as a single air stream.

On the other hand, in the high power range of the engine, the rotary valve 24 assumes its communicating position in which the opening 28 or 29 overlaps the opening 26 or 23 of the separating tube 22, so that the inner chamber 16 and the outer chamber Communication between the two chambers 170 occurs.

Compressor 2 obtains a first air flow and a second air flow.

In this case, a first air flow enters the inner chamber from the inlet channel 14 and a second air flow flows between the filter cylinder 18, the outer chamber 11 and the openings 26, 28, 23 or 29.
, 23, ambient air flows into the inner chamber 16.

These two air streams are mixed with each other in the inner chamber 16 and flow together via the outlet passage 15 to the compressor 2 .

In both embodiments of the silencer, the rotary valve 24 is rotatable through a predetermined angle relative to the separation tube 22 from an open position to a closed position and vice versa.

This rotation can take place in one or more steps, or continuously, and can also be controlled or regulated depending on the power of the engine.

A drive is provided for effecting the rotational movement.

This one drive can be a hydraulically or pneumatically actuated cylinder or can be provided with a gearing or a linkage, and an electric or hydraulic or pneumatic motor can be provided for its drive. .

In the individual case, this drive is configured according to the respective requirements.

The same applies to any control or regulating device used.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an exhaust turbo supercharger equipped with a silencer according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the silencer in the communication position shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the silencer in the communication position. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the silencer in FIG. Code in the figure: 13...Casing, 16...
...Inner chamber, 17...Outer chamber, 21...
・Closing mechanism, 22... Separation tube, 23, 26, 2
8, 29...Opening, 24...Rotary valve, 25, 27...7 Lunge, 32...
Separation tube axis.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. It has a casing 13, and this casing has an inflow passage 14, an inner chamber 16, an outer chamber 11, both chambers 16,
17 and a closing mechanism 21 for establishing or breaking communication between the compartments 16, 170, the inlet passage 14 and the inner chamber 16 forming a flow path for a first air flow. However, in an exhaust turbocharger muffler, in particular for use in an internal combustion engine, in which the outer chamber 17 and the inner chamber 16 form a flow path for the second air flow, the closing mechanism 21 is A rotary valve 24 is provided rotatably about the axis 320 of the separation tube 22, the rotary valve 24 having at least one opening 28, 29, which opens into the compartments 16, 170.
A muffler characterized in that it is rotatable relative to at least one opening 26, 27 of the separation tube 22 so as to establish or break communication therebetween. 2 The separation tube 22 has at least one opening 2 in its peripheral wall.
3. The muffler according to claim 1, characterized in that the muffler comprises: 3. 3. The separation tube 22 has at least one outwardly extending flange 25, which 7 flange is provided with at least one opening 26, and the rotary valve 24 has at least one inwardly extending flange 27 opposite this flange 25. A muffler according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange is provided with at least one opening (28), which opening (28) can communicate with the opening (26) of the flange (25). 4. The rotary valve 24 is rotatably installed directly on the wall surrounding the separation pipe 220, and the openings 23, 29 that can communicate the outer chamber 17 and the inner chamber 16 are provided on the wall surrounding the rotary valve 240 and the wall of the separation pipe 22. A silencer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a silencer is provided. 5. The rotary valve 24 is rotatable relative to the separation pipe 22 by a predetermined angle, and is provided with a drive device for performing this rotation. silencer. 6. The muffler according to claim 5, wherein the rotary valve 24 can be rotated intermittently or continuously depending on the amount of air required. 7. The silencer according to claim 5, characterized in that the drive device is equipped with a hydraulically or pneumatically operable cylinder. 8. The silencer according to claim 5, characterized in that the drive device is equipped with a gear system or a link mechanism A silencer according to claim 5. 9. A silencer according to claim 5, characterized in that the drive device comprises an electric motor, a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor as the drive motor.