JPS5934828B2 - Continuous dyeing method for belt-like fabrics containing different types of fibers - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for continuous dyeing of fabric strips containing different types of fibers.

Examples of such fabrics, in which each fiber type is spatially separated, are carpets and other forms of pile fabrics, such as velvet, plush, velor.

These fabrics usually consist of man-made fibers on the pile and natural or man-made cellulose fibers on the reverse side.

For example, furniture velor today is mostly manufactured with polyacrylonitrile pile and cotton lining.

A distinction is made between types of dyes that have extremely good dyeability for individual fiber types and dyes that have extremely poor dyeability.

Examples of frequently encountered combinations are as follows.

Therefore, in order to dye fabrics with different types of fibers, the basic method is to dye one type of fiber first, and then dye the other type of fiber in a second dye bath. can be taken.

However, since this represents a great deal of expense, it is often attempted to dye fabrics with different types of fibers in a one-bath process that simultaneously contains the different types of dyes needed for the different types of fibers.

Already during the preparation of the dye liquor, mutual interference of the dyes can occur, leading to partial inactivation of the dyes.

According to estimates, this accounts for up to 30% of the amount of dye used.

In that case, the dye solution is completely immersed in the pads, for example.
Applies to textiles.

Of course, since each dye coexists uniformly in the dye liquor, each fiber component of the fabric inherently also receives dye for dyeing other fiber components.

This dye content remains unused and is carried away by the fabric and then washed away again.

For example, if one of the fiber components is cotton, this washing must be done thoroughly.

Due to its adsorption capacity, cotton retains the dye for the other fiber component, but this dye cannot be fixed on the cotton.

If this type of dye amount remains on the fiber, the fastness will be poor.

The fabric immersion method, which has been mainly applied in the past, thus results in large dye consumption and high cleaning costs.

Of importance today is the combination of polyacrylonitrile and cellulose.

Most furniture plush is manufactured with this combination.

Polyacrylonitrile is dyed with cationic basic dyes, whereas direct dyes for cellulose are anionic.

If these two dyes are added to the dye liquor at the same time, they will precipitate unless special precautions are taken.

By using suitable dyeing aids, precipitation is largely prevented.

In the case of high dye concentrations, such as those required for dark dyeings, correspondingly large amounts of dyeing agent are required.

This may increase costs and reduce dyeing stability.

Also, since a large amount of excess chemicals must be washed away,
Cleaning costs also increase.

These shortcomings are concentrated in articles of high economic significance, in which especially good fastness properties are of particular concern.

The above-mentioned problems are still not avoided today in fabrics made of mixed fibers, in which each component is evenly distributed in the fabric.

To date, fabrics in which different fibers are arranged spatially separated from each other have also been dyed by the above-mentioned method.

It is an object of the present invention to improve the continuous dyeing process for textiles of this type in such a way that dye losses and cleaning costs are reduced.

That is, the present invention involves treating a strip-like fabric in which different types of fibers are substantially separated and arranged on the front and back sides of the fabric, respectively, with different types of dyes suitable for each dyeing process, and then sequentially processing the above-mentioned fabric to fix the dye. In the dyeing method, there is provided a method characterized by separately supplying and applying dye liquids suitable for the types of fibers belonging to these surfaces in the form of foam to the surface of the fabric.

In this case, each dye is separated like the fiber type of the fabric.

The dye is applied to only one side of the fabric having the fiber type to which the dye is assigned.

By applying the foam, on the one hand it is possible to accurately supply the amount of dye applied, that is, the amount of dye, and on the other hand it reduces the mobility of the dye, so that the dye applied from one side is immediately transferred to the fabric. It does not permeate the entire fabric and different dye liquors are prevented from interacting with each other inside the fabric.

In this way, for example, a plush with a polyacrylic pile is coated with just the amount of basic dye required for dyeing the polyacrylic fibers, while the back side is virtually free of this dye and only the required amount is applied there. Only direct dyes are obtained.

Therefore, the dyes do not interfere with each other and no dyes are carried away unused.

In particular, dyeing aids formulated for the coexistence of different dyes are unnecessary.

Overall, dye and auxiliary consumption is reduced, cleaning costs are reduced, and rubfastness is improved.

The method of applying dye liquors to textiles in the form of a foam is known per se from DE 2214377 and US Pat. No. 3,969,780.

A measure that allows the dye liquors forming bubbles to enter the fabric from both sides allows each dye liquor to penetrate into the fabric from each side, but
As long as this is done only to a certain depth and the areas containing the dye liquors do not intersect with each other and that mutual interference of different dyes within the fabric does not occur, the washing liquor used is utilized to the maximum possible effect. It is something.

For example, foam application and penetration on both sides is described in West German Published Patent Publication A29.
35413.

To explain this more specifically, a pair of coating rollers are provided at a distance from each other, and a means is provided for directly supplying a bubble-like dye composition to the side surface of each roller.
The fabric to be dyed is first fed continuously so that one side of the fabric is in contact with one of these rollers, and then the other side of the fabric is in contact with the other roller. This device is designed to continuously apply foamy dye to both sides.

A practical comparison of acrylic and cotton fabrics weighing 480 g per meter shows that in the case of pad dyeing, where the dye liquor contains dye components for both types of fibers, a dye quantity and auxiliary costs of DM 0.45 per meter are obtained. However, in foam dyeing where the dye liquor is separated, the value is 0.
．． 39 Deutsche Marks, and the following advantages were created.

Good fastness Short 0° steaming = Savings on onion Less washing No thickening Good fabric appearance Simple dye preparation Some of these advantages manifest themselves in further reductions in costs. .

Example This example shows the continuous dyeing of a furniture cover material whose front surface is made of polyacrylonitrile and whose back surface is made of cellulose.

First, AST, RAZON7GLL (basic dye, Ba
A solution containing 4.2 g/l (manufactured by Yer Co., Ltd., trademark) and 39/l of sodium octadecylsulfonate (surfactant) is foamed using a gaseous foaming agent consisting of carbon dioxide gas, and then passed through a roller to form a fabric. 5LRIUS GGL (direct dye, trademark, Ba
A solution containing 119/l (manufactured by Yer) and 5 g/l of fatty acid glycol ester (surfactant) was foamed using a gaseous blowing agent made of carbon dioxide gas, and the foam was passed through so as to come in contact with the surface of another roller. This was applied to the back side of the fabric to form a layer several millimeters thick, and this was absorbed into the fabric.

The fabric was then steamed for 10 minutes with saturated steam at 105°C, followed by rinsing, washing, and drying, thereby making it possible to dye both sides of the fabric a deep color.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A belt-like fabric in which different types of fibers are substantially separated and arranged on the front and back sides of the fabric are simultaneously treated with different types of dyes suitable for each dyeing process, and then the dyes are fixed. A continuous dyeing method for textiles, which is characterized by separately supplying and applying dye liquids suitable for the types of fibers belonging to these surfaces in the form of foam to the front and back surfaces of the textile. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the foamed dye liquid fed from both the front and back sides of the fabric is applied to a depth where mutual interference of different dyes does not occur inside the fabric.